From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Protein-coding gene in the species Homo sapiens
The proto-oncogene c-Rel is a
protein that in humans is encoded by the REL
gene .
[5] The c-Rel protein is a member of the
NF-κB family of
transcription factors and contains a
Rel homology domain (
RHD ) at its
N-terminus and two
C-terminal transactivation domains. c-Rel is a
myeloid checkpoint protein that can be targeted for treating cancer.
[6] c-Rel has an important role in
B-cell survival and proliferation. The REL gene is amplified or mutated in several human
B-cell lymphomas , including
diffuse large B-cell lymphoma and
Hodgkin's lymphoma .
[7]
References
^
a
b
c
GRCh38: Ensembl release 89: ENSG00000162924 –
Ensembl , May 2017
^
a
b
c
GRCm38: Ensembl release 89: ENSMUSG00000020275 –
Ensembl , May 2017
^
"Human PubMed Reference:" . National Center for Biotechnology Information, U.S. National Library of Medicine .
^
"Mouse PubMed Reference:" . National Center for Biotechnology Information, U.S. National Library of Medicine .
^ Ruben SM, Klement JF, Coleman TA, Maher M, Chen CH, Rosen CA (Jun 1992).
"I-Rel: a novel rel-related protein that inhibits NF-kappa B transcriptional activity" . Genes Dev . 6 (5): 745–60.
doi :
10.1101/gad.6.5.745 .
PMID
1577270 .
^ Li T, Li X, Chen YH (May 2020).
"c-Rel is a myeloid checkpoint for cancer immunotherapy" . Nature Cancer . 1 (5): 507–517.
doi :
10.1038/s43018-020-0061-3 .
PMC
7808269 .
PMID
33458695 .
^ Gilmore TD, Kalaitzidis D, Liang MC, Starczynowski DT (March 2004).
"The c-Rel transcription factor and B-cell proliferation: a deal with the devil" . Oncogene . 23 (13): 2275–86.
doi :
10.1038/sj.onc.1207410 .
PMID
14755244 .
Further reading
Rayet B, Gélinas C (2000).
"Aberrant rel/nfkb genes and activity in human cancer" . Oncogene . 18 (49): 6938–47.
doi :
10.1038/sj.onc.1203221 .
PMID
10602468 .
Kunsch C, Ruben SM, Rosen CA (1992).
"Selection of optimal kappa B/Rel DNA-binding motifs: interaction of both subunits of NF-kappa B with DNA is required for transcriptional activation" . Mol. Cell. Biol . 12 (10): 4412–21.
doi :
10.1128/mcb.12.10.4412 .
PMC
360365 .
PMID
1406630 .
Neumann M, Tsapos K, Scheppler JA, et al. (1992). "Identification of complex formation between two intracellular tyrosine kinase substrates: human c-Rel and the p105 precursor of p50 NF-kappa B.". Oncogene . 7 (11): 2095–104.
PMID
1437141 .
Kochel T, Rice NR (1992). "v-rel- and c-rel-protein complexes bind to the NF-kappa B site in vitro". Oncogene . 7 (3): 567–72.
PMID
1549370 .
Kumar S, Rabson AB, Gélinas C (1992).
"The RxxRxRxxC motif conserved in all Rel/kappa B proteins is essential for the DNA-binding activity and redox regulation of the v-Rel oncoprotein" . Mol. Cell. Biol . 12 (7): 3094–106.
doi :
10.1128/mcb.12.7.3094 .
PMC
364524 .
PMID
1620118 .
Lu D, Thompson JD, Gorski GK, et al. (1991). "Alterations at the rel locus in human lymphoma". Oncogene . 6 (7): 1235–41.
PMID
1650444 .
Muchardt C, Seeler JS, Nirula A, et al. (1992).
"Regulation of human immunodeficiency virus enhancer function by PRDII-BF1 and c-rel gene products" . J. Virol . 66 (1): 244–50.
doi :
10.1128/JVI.66.1.244-250.1992 .
PMC
238281 .
PMID
1727488 .
Hansen SK, Nerlov C, Zabel U, et al. (1992).
"A novel complex between the p65 subunit of NF-kappa B and c-Rel binds to a DNA element involved in the phorbol ester induction of the human urokinase gene" . EMBO J . 11 (1): 205–13.
doi :
10.1002/j.1460-2075.1992.tb05043.x .
PMC
556441 .
PMID
1740106 .
Davis N, Ghosh S, Simmons DL, et al. (1991). "Rel-associated pp40: an inhibitor of the rel family of transcription factors". Science . 253 (5025): 1268–71.
Bibcode :
1991Sci...253.1268D .
doi :
10.1126/science.1891714 .
PMID
1891714 .
Lim MY, Davis N, Zhang JY, Bose HR (1990). "The v-rel oncogene product is complexed with cellular proteins including its proto-oncogene product and heat shock protein 70". Virology . 175 (1): 149–60.
doi :
10.1016/0042-6822(90)90195-W .
PMID
2155506 .
Brownell E, Mittereder N, Rice NR (1989). "A human rel proto-oncogene cDNA containing an Alu fragment as a potential coding exon". Oncogene . 4 (7): 935–42.
PMID
2666912 .
Brownell E, O'Brien SJ, Nash WG, Rice N (1986).
"Genetic characterization of human c-rel sequences" . Mol. Cell. Biol . 5 (10): 2826–31.
doi :
10.1128/mcb.5.10.2826 .
PMC
367021 .
PMID
3016517 .
Brownell E, Kozak CA, Fowle JR, et al. (1986).
"Comparative genetic mapping of cellular rel sequences in man, mouse, and the domestic cat" . Am. J. Hum. Genet . 39 (2): 194–202.
PMC
1683919 .
PMID
3529946 .
John S, Reeves RB, Lin JX, et al. (1995).
"Regulation of cell-type-specific interleukin-2 receptor alpha-chain gene expression: potential role of physical interactions between Elf-1, HMG-I(Y), and NF-kappa B family proteins" . Mol. Cell. Biol . 15 (3): 1786–96.
doi :
10.1128/mcb.15.3.1786 .
PMC
230403 .
PMID
7862168 .
Xu X, Gélinas C (1995).
"The v-Rel oncoprotein complexes with new Rel- and RelA-related proteins in transformed cells" . Virology . 207 (2): 362–8.
doi :
10.1006/viro.1995.1095 .
PMID
7886940 .
Mackman N (1994).
"Protease inhibitors block lipopolysaccharide induction of tissue factor gene expression in human monocytic cells by preventing activation of c-Rel/p65 heterodimers" . J. Biol. Chem . 269 (42): 26363–7.
doi :
10.1016/S0021-9258(18)47202-X .
PMID
7929355 .
Sif S, Gilmore TD (1994).
"Interaction of the v-Rel oncoprotein with cellular transcription factor Sp1" . J. Virol . 68 (11): 7131–8.
doi :
10.1128/JVI.68.11.7131-7138.1994 .
PMC
237152 .
PMID
7933095 .
Hansen SK, Baeuerle PA, Blasi F (1994).
"Purification, reconstitution, and I kappa B association of the c-Rel-p65 (RelA) complex, a strong activator of transcription" . Mol. Cell. Biol . 14 (4): 2593–603.
doi :
10.1128/mcb.14.4.2593 .
PMC
358627 .
PMID
8139561 .
Beg AA, Baldwin AS (1994). "Activation of multiple NF-kappa B/Rel DNA-binding complexes by tumor necrosis factor". Oncogene . 9 (5): 1487–92.
PMID
8152812 .
External links
(1) Basic domains
(1.1) Basic
leucine zipper (
bZIP )(1.2) Basic helix-loop-helix (
bHLH )
Group A Group B Group C bHLH-
PAS Group D Group E Group F bHLH-COE
(1.3)
bHLH-ZIP (1.4) NF-1 (1.5) RF-X (1.6) Basic helix-span-helix (bHSH)
(2)
Zinc finger DNA-binding domains
(2.1)
Nuclear receptor (Cys4 )
subfamily 1 subfamily 2 subfamily 3 subfamily 4 subfamily 5 subfamily 6 subfamily 0
(2.2) Other Cys4 (2.3) Cys2 His2 (2.4) Cys6 (2.5) Alternating composition (2.6) WRKY
(4) β-Scaffold factors with minor groove contacts
(0) Other transcription factors