From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Day of the year
February 18 is the 49th day of the year in the
Gregorian calendar ; 316 days remain until the end of the year (317 in
leap years ).
Events
Pre-1600
1601–1900
1637 –
Eighty Years' War : Off the coast of
Cornwall , England, a
Spanish fleet
intercepts an important
Anglo -
Dutch merchant convoy of 44 vessels escorted by six warships, destroying or capturing 20 of them.
1735 – The ballad opera called Flora, or Hob in the Well went down in history as the first opera of any kind to be produced in North America (Charleston, S.C.)
[3]
1781 –
Fourth Anglo-Dutch War : Captain Thomas Shirley
opens his expedition against
Dutch colonial outposts on the
Gold Coast of Africa (present-day
Ghana ).
1791 – Congress passes a law
admitting the state of
Vermont to the Union, effective 4 March, after that state had existed for 14 years as
a de facto independent largely unrecognized state .
1797 –
French Revolutionary Wars : Sir
Ralph Abercromby and a fleet of 18
British warships
invade
Trinidad .
1814 –
Napoleonic Wars : The
Battle of Montereau .
1861 – In
Montgomery, Alabama ,
Jefferson Davis is inaugurated as the provisional President of the
Confederate States of America .
1861 – With
Italian unification almost complete,
Victor Emmanuel II of
Piedmont ,
Savoy and
Sardinia assumes the title of
King of Italy .
1873 –
Bulgarian revolutionary leader
Vasil Levski is executed by
hanging in
Sofia by the
Ottoman authorities.
1878 –
John Tunstall is murdered by
outlaw
Jesse Evans , sparking the
Lincoln County War in
Lincoln County, New Mexico .
1885 –
Adventures of Huckleberry Finn by
Mark Twain is published in the United States.
1900 –
Second Boer War : Imperial forces suffer their worst single-day loss of life on
Bloody Sunday , the first day of the
Battle of Paardeberg .
1901–present
1906 –
Édouard de Laveleye forms the
Belgian Olympic Committee in
Brussels .
1911 – The first official flight with
airmail takes place from
Allahabad ,
United Provinces ,
British India (now India), when
Henri Pequet , a 23-year-old pilot, delivers 6,500 letters to
Naini , about 10 kilometres (6.2 mi) away.
1915 –
U-boat Campaign : The Imperial German Navy institutes unrestricted submarine warfare in the waters around Great Britain and Ireland.
[4]
1930 – While studying photographs taken in
January ,
Clyde Tombaugh discovers
Pluto .
1930 –
Elm Farm Ollie becomes the first
cow to fly in a
fixed-wing aircraft and also the first cow to be milked in an aircraft.
1932 – The
Empire of Japan creates the independent state of
Manzhouguo (the obsolete Chinese name for
Manchuria ) free from the
Republic of China and installed former
Chinese Emperor
Aisin Gioro Puyi as Chief Executive of the State.
1938 –
Second Sino-Japanese War : During the
Nanking Massacre , the
Nanking Safety Zone International Committee is renamed "Nanking International Rescue Committee", and the safety zone in place for refugees falls apart.
1942 –
World War II : The
Imperial Japanese Army begins the
systematic extermination of perceived hostile elements among the
Chinese in Singapore .
1943 – World War II: The
Nazis arrest the members of the
White Rose movement.
1943 – World War II:
Joseph Goebbels delivers his
Sportpalast speech .
1946 – Sailors of the
Royal Indian Navy mutiny in
Bombay harbour, from where the action spreads throughout the
Provinces of British India , involving 78 ships, twenty shore establishments and 20,000 sailors
1947 –
First Indochina War : The French
gain complete control of
Hanoi after forcing the
Viet Minh to withdraw to mountains.
1954 – The first
Church of Scientology is established in
Los Angeles .
1955 –
Operation Teapot : Teapot test shot "Wasp" is successfully detonated at the
Nevada Test Site with a yield of
1.2 kilotons . Wasp is the first of fourteen shots in the Teapot series.
1957 –
Kenyan rebel leader
Dedan Kimathi is executed by the British colonial government.
1957 –
Walter James Bolton becomes the last person
legally executed in New Zealand.
1965 –
The Gambia becomes independent from the United Kingdom.
1970 – The
Chicago Seven are found not guilty of conspiring to incite riots at the
1968 Democratic National Convention .
1972 – The
California Supreme Court in the case of
People v. Anderson , (6 Cal.3d 628) invalidates the state's
death penalty and commutes the sentences of all
death row inmates to life imprisonment.
1977 – The
Xinjiang 61st Regiment Farm fire started during Chinese New Year when a firecracker ignited memorial wreaths of the
late Mao Zedong , killing 694 personnel.
[5]
[6] It remains the
deadliest fireworks accident in the world.
1977 – A thousand armed soldiers raid
Kalakuta Republic , the commune of Nigerian singer
Fela Kuti , leading to the death of
Funmilayo Anikulapo Kuti .
[7]
1977 – The
Space Shuttle Enterprise test vehicle is carried on its maiden "flight" on top of a
Boeing 747 .
1979 –
Richard Petty wins a then-record
sixth
Daytona 500 after leaders
Donnie Allison and
Cale Yarborough crash on the final lap of the first
NASCAR race televised live flag-to-flag.
1983 – Thirteen people die and one is seriously injured in the
Wah Mee massacre in
Seattle . It is said to be the largest robbery-motivated mass-murder in U.S. history.
1991 – The
IRA
explodes bombs in the early morning at
Paddington station and
Victoria station in London.
2001 –
FBI agent
Robert Hanssen is arrested for spying for the
Soviet Union . He is ultimately convicted and sentenced to life imprisonment.
2001 –
Sampit conflict : Inter-ethnic violence between
Dayaks and
Madurese breaks out in
Sampit ,
Central Kalimantan ,
Indonesia , ultimately resulting in more than 500 deaths and 100,000 Madurese displaced from their homes.
2003 – 192 people die when an arsonist
sets fire to a subway train in Daegu, South Korea.
[8]
2004 – Up to 295 people, including nearly 200 rescue workers, die near
Nishapur, Iran , when a runaway freight train carrying
sulfur ,
petrol and
fertilizer
catches fire and explodes .
2010 –
WikiLeaks publishes the first of hundreds of thousands of
classified documents disclosed by the soldier now known as
Chelsea Manning .
2013 – Armed robbers
steal a haul of diamonds worth $50 million during a raid at
Brussels Airport in
Belgium .
2014 – At least 76 people are killed and hundreds are injured in
clashes between riot police and demonstrators in
Kyiv, Ukraine .
2018 – 66 people die when
Iran Aseman Airlines Flight 3704 crashes in the
Dena sub-range in the
Zagros Mountains of Iran.
[9]
2021 –
Perseverance , a
Mars rover designed to
explore
Jezero crater on
Mars , as part of
NASA 's
Mars 2020 mission, lands successfully.
[10]
Births
Pre-1600
1601–1900
1602 –
Per Brahe the Younger , Swedish soldier and politician,
Governor-General of Finland (d. 1680)
1602 –
Michelangelo Cerquozzi , Italian painter (d. 1660)
[14]
1609 –
Edward Hyde, 1st Earl of Clarendon , English historian and politician,
Chancellor of the Exchequer (d. 1674)
1626 –
Francesco Redi , Italian physician (d. 1697)
1632 –
Giovanni Battista Vitali , Italian violinist and composer (d. 1692)
1642 –
Marie Champmeslé , French actress (d. 1698)
1658 –
Charles-Irénée Castel de Saint-Pierre , French philosopher and author (d. 1743)
1732 –
Johann Christian Kittel , German organist and composer (d. 1809)
1745 –
Alessandro Volta , Italian physicist, invented the
battery (d. 1827)
1754 –
Emanuel Granberg , Finnish church painter (d. 1797)
[15]
1814 –
Samuel Fenton Cary , American lawyer and politician (d. 1900)
1817 –
Lewis Armistead , American general (d. 1863)
1818 –
John O'Shanassy , Irish-Australian politician, 2nd
Premier of Victoria (d. 1883)
[16]
1818 –
Konstanty Schmidt-Ciążyński , Polish collector and art connoisseur who donated a large collection to the
National Museum in Kraków (d. 1889)
[17]
1836 –
Ramakrishna Paramahamsa , Indian mystic and yogi (d. 1886)
1838 –
Ernst Mach , Austrian physicist and philosopher (d. 1916)
1846 –
Wilson Barrett , English actor, playwright, and manager (d. 1904)
1848 –
Louis Comfort Tiffany , American
stained glass artist (d. 1933)
1849 –
Alexander Kielland , Norwegian author, playwright, and politician (d. 1906)
1850 –
George Henschel , German-English singer-songwriter, pianist, and conductor (d. 1934)
1855 –
Jean Jules Jusserand , French historian, author, and diplomat,
French Ambassador to the United States (d. 1932)
1860 –
Anders Zorn , Swedish artist (d. 1920)
1862 –
Charles M. Schwab , American businessman, co-founded
Bethlehem Steel (d. 1939)
1867 –
Hedwig Courths-Mahler , German writer (d. 1950)
1870 –
William Laurel Harris , American painter and author (d. 1924)
1871 –
Harry Brearley , English inventor (d. 1948)
1883 –
Nikos Kazantzakis , Greek philosopher, author, and playwright (d. 1957)
1885 –
Henri Laurens , French sculptor and illustrator (d. 1954)
1893 –
Maksim Haretski , Belarusian prose writer, journalist and activist (d. 1938)
1890 –
Edward Arnold , American actor (d. 1956)
1890 –
Adolphe Menjou , American actor (d. 1963)
1892 –
Wendell Willkie , American captain, lawyer, and politician (d. 1944)
1896 –
Li Linsi , Chinese educator and diplomat (d. 1970)
1898 –
Luis Muñoz Marín , Puerto Rican poet and politician, 1st
Governor of the Commonwealth of Puerto Rico (d. 1980)
1899 –
Arthur Bryant , English historian and journalist (d. 1985)
1901–present
1903 –
Nikolai Podgorny , Ukrainian engineer and politician (d. 1983)
1906 –
Hans Asperger , Austrian pediatrician and academic (d. 1980)
1909 –
Wallace Stegner , American novelist, short story writer, and essayist (d. 1993)
[18]
1914 –
Pee Wee King , American singer-songwriter and fiddler (d. 2000)
1915 –
Phyllis Calvert , English actress (d. 2002)
[19]
1915 –
Joe Gordon , American baseball player and manager (d. 1978)
[20]
1918 –
Freddie Blassie , American wrestler and manager (d. 2003)
[21]
1919 –
Jack Palance , American boxer and actor (d. 2006)
[18]
1920 –
Rolande Falcinelli , French organist, pianist, composer, and pedagogue (d. 2006)
1921 –
Mary Amdur , American toxicologist and
public health researcher (d. 1998)
1921 –
Oscar Feltsman , Ukrainian-Russian pianist and composer (d. 2013)
1922 –
Eric Gairy , Grenadan politician, 1st
Prime Minister of Grenada (d. 1997)
[22]
1922 –
Helen Gurley Brown , American journalist and author (d. 2012)
[23]
1922 –
Connie Wisniewski , American baseball player (d. 1995)
[24]
1925 –
George Kennedy , American actor (d. 2016)
[25]
1926 –
Wallace Berman , American painter and illustrator (d. 1976)
1927 –
Fazal Mahmood , Pakistani cricketer (d. 2005)
1929 –
Len Deighton , English historian and author
[18]
1929 –
André Mathieu , Canadian pianist and composer (d. 1968)
1931 –
Johnny Hart , American cartoonist, co-created
The Wizard of Id (d. 2007)
[18]
1931 –
Toni Morrison , American novelist and editor,
Nobel Prize laureate (d. 2019).
[26]
1932 –
Miloš Forman , Czech-American actor, director, and screenwriter (d. 2018)
[27]
1933 –
Yoko Ono , Japanese-American multimedia artist and musician
[28]
1933 –
Bobby Robson , English footballer and manager (d. 2009)
[29]
1933 –
Mary Ure , Scottish-English actress (d. 1975)
1934 –
Audre Lorde , American writer and activist (d. 1992)
[30]
1936 –
Jean M. Auel , American author
[18]
1939 –
Claude Ake , Nigerian political scientist and academic (d. 1996)
1940 –
Fabrizio De André , Italian singer-songwriter and guitarist (d. 1999)
1941 –
Irma Thomas , American singer-songwriter
[31]
1946 –
Michael Buerk , English journalist
1946 –
Jess Walton , American actress
[31]
1947 –
Dennis DeYoung , American musician, singer, and songwriter
[32]
1950 –
Nana Amba Eyiaba I , Ghanaian queen mother and advocate
[33]
1950 –
John Hughes , American director, producer, and screenwriter (d. 2009)
[18]
1950 –
Cybill Shepherd , American actress
[34]
1951 –
Queen Komal of Nepal
1951 –
Isabel Preysler , Filipino-Spanish journalist
1952 –
Randy Crawford , American jazz and R&B singer
[31]
1952 –
Maurice Lucas , American basketball player (d. 2010)
[35]
1952 –
Juice Newton , American singer-songwriter and guitarist
1954 –
John Travolta , American actor, singer and producer
[36]
1955 –
Lisa See , American writer and novelist
[37]
1957 –
Marita Koch , German sprinter
[38]
1957 –
Vanna White , American television personality
[39]
1959 –
Jayne Atkinson , English-American actress
[31]
1960 –
Andy Moog , Canadian ice hockey player
[40]
1960 –
Greta Scacchi , Italian-Australian actress
[41]
1964 –
Matt Dillon , American actor
[42]
1965 –
Dr. Dre , American rapper, record producer, and entrepreneur
[43]
1966 –
Phillip DeFreitas , Dominican-English cricketer
[44]
1967 –
Roberto Baggio , Italian footballer
1967 –
Colin Jackson , Welsh sprinter and hurdler
[45]
1968 –
Molly Ringwald , American actress
[46]
1969 –
Alexander Mogilny , Russian ice hockey player
[47]
1971 –
Thomas Bjørn , Danish golfer
1974 –
Carrie Ann Baade , American painter and academic
1974 –
Radek Černý , Czech footballer
[48]
1974 –
Julia Butterfly Hill , American environmentalist and author
1974 –
Jillian Michaels , American personal trainer and television personality
[49]
1975 –
Gary Neville , English footballer
1977 –
Ike Barinholtz , American actor and comedian
[31]
1977 –
Kristoffer Polaha , American actor
[31]
1980 –
Nik Antropov , Kazakhstani-Canadian ice hockey player
[50]
1980 –
Regina Spektor , Russian-American musician and songwriter
[51]
1981 –
Andrei Kirilenko , Russian-American basketball player
[52]
1981 –
Alex Ríos , American baseball player
[53]
1982 –
Christian Tiffert , German footballer
1983 –
Kara Braxton , American basketball player
[54]
1983 –
Jermaine Jenas , English footballer
[55]
1983 –
Jason Maxiell , American basketball player
[56]
1984 –
Carlos Kameni , Cameroonian footballer
[57]
1986 –
Kyle Weaver , American basketball player
[58]
1988 –
Roman Neustädter , German-Russian footballer
[59]
1988 –
Sarah Sutherland , American actress
[31]
1988 –
Maiara Walsh , American-Brazilian actress
[31]
1989 –
Sonja Vasić , Serbian basketball player
[60]
1990 –
Monica Aksamit , American saber fencer
[61]
1990 –
Didi Gregorius , Dutch baseball player
[62]
1990 –
Cody Hodgson , Canadian ice hockey player
[63]
1990 –
Bryan Oviedo , Costa Rican footballer
[64]
1991 –
Sebastian Neumann , German footballer
1992 –
Le'Veon Bell , American football player
[65]
1992 –
Martin Marinčin , Slovak ice hockey player
[66]
1992 –
Logan Miller , American actor
[18]
1993 –
Kentavious Caldwell-Pope , American basketball player
[67]
1994 –
J-Hope , South Korean rapper, singer-songwriter, dancer, and record producer
[68]
1994 –
Paul Zipser , German basketball player
[69]
1995 –
Nathan Aké , Dutch footballer
[70]
1996 –
Tyler Dorsey , American-Greek basketball player
[71]
2000 –
Zakaria Aboukhlal , Moroccan footballer
[72]
2000 –
Giacomo Raspadori , Italian footballer
[73]
2001 –
Tanguy Coulibaly , French footballer
[74]
2001 –
Jaime Jaquez Jr. , American basketball player
[75]
Deaths
Pre-1600
675 –
Colmán , bishop of Lindisfarne
814 –
Angilbert , Frankish monk and diplomat (b. 760)
901 –
Thābit ibn Qurra , Arab astronomer and physician (b. 826)
999 –
Gregory V , pope of the Catholic Church (b. 972)
[76]
1139 –
Yaropolk II , Grand Prince of Kiev (b. 1082)
1218 –
Berthold V , duke of Zähringen (b. 1160)
1225 –
Hugh Bigod, 3rd Earl of Norfolk , Norman nobleman
1294 –
Kublai Khan , Mongol emperor (b. 1215)
1379 –
Albert II , duke of Mecklenburg (b. 1318)
1397 –
Enguerrand VII , French nobleman (b. 1340)
1455 –
Fra Angelico , Italian priest and painter (b. 1395)
1478 –
George Plantagenet, 1st Duke of Clarence , English nobleman (b. 1449)
1502 –
Hedwig Jagiellon , duchess of Bavaria (b. 1457)
1535 –
Heinrich Cornelius Agrippa , German magician, astrologer, and theologian (b. 1486)
1546 –
Martin Luther , German priest and theologian, leader of the
Protestant Reformation (b. 1483)
1564 –
Michelangelo , Italian sculptor and painter (b. 1475)
1601–1900
1654 –
Jean-Louis Guez de Balzac , French author (b. 1594)
1658 –
John Villiers, 1st Viscount Purbeck , English courtier (b. c. 1591)
1683 –
Nicolaes Pieterszoon Berchem , Dutch painter (b. 1620)
1695 –
William Phips , governor of Massachusetts (b. 1650)
1712 –
Louis, Dauphin of France , (b. 1682)
1743 –
Anna Maria Luisa de' Medici , Italian noble (b. 1667)
1748 –
Otto Ferdinand von Abensberg und Traun , Austrian field marshal (b. 1677)
1772 –
Count Johann Hartwig Ernst von Bernstorff , Danish politician (b. 1712)
1778 –
Joseph Marie Terray , French economist and politician,
Controller-General of Finances (b. 1715)
1780 –
Kristijonas Donelaitis , Lithuanian pastor and poet (b. 1714)
1788 –
John Whitehurst , English geologist and clockmaker (b. 1713)
1803 –
Johann Wilhelm Ludwig Gleim , German poet and educator (b. 1719)
1851 –
Carl Gustav Jacob Jacobi , German mathematician and academic (b. 1804)
1873 –
Vasil Levski , Bulgarian activist, founded the
Internal Revolutionary Organization (b. 1837)
1880 –
Nikolay Zinin , Russian organic chemist (b. 1812)
1893 –
Serranus Clinton Hastings , American lawyer and politician, 1st
Chief Justice of California (b. 1814)
1901–present
1902 –
Charles Lewis Tiffany , American businessman, founded
Tiffany & Co. (b. 1812)
1910 –
Lucy Stanton , American activist (b. 1831)
[77]
1915 –
Frank James , American soldier and criminal (b. 1843)
1933 –
James J. Corbett , American boxer and actor (b. 1866)
[78]
1938 –
David King Udall , American missionary and politician (b. 1851)
1956 –
Gustave Charpentier , French composer (b. 1860)
1960 –
Gertrude Vanderbilt , American stage actress (b.
c. 1885 )
[79]
1966 –
Grigory Nelyubov , Soviet pilot and military officer (b. 1934)
[80]
1967 –
J. Robert Oppenheimer , American physicist and academic (b. 1904)
1969 –
Dragiša Cvetković , Serbian lawyer and politician, 17th
Prime Minister of Yugoslavia (b. 1893)
1977 –
Andy Devine , American actor (b. 1905)
1981 –
Jack Northrop , American engineer and businessman, founded the
Northrop Corporation (b. 1895)
1982 –
Ngaio Marsh , New Zealand author (b. 1895)
[81]
2001 –
Balthus , Polish-Swiss painter and illustrator (b. 1908)
2001 –
Dale Earnhardt , American racer and seven-time NASCAR Cup Series champion (b. 1951)
[82]
2014 –
Mavis Gallant , Canadian-French author and playwright (b. 1922)
2014 –
Maria Franziska von Trapp , Austrian-American singer (b. 1914)
2015 –
Elchanan Heilprin , Czechoslovakian-born English rabbi (b. 1920 or 1922)
[83]
2019 –
Alessandro Mendini , Italian designer and architect (b. 1931)
[84]
2020 –
Flavio Bucci , Italian actor and voice actor (b. 1947)
[85]
Holidays and observances
References
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ISBN
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^
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^
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