From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Day of the year
February 11 is the 42nd day of the year in the
Gregorian calendar ; 323 days remain until the end of the year (324 in
leap years ).
Events
Pre-1600
1601–1900
1901–present
1903 –
Anton Bruckner 's
9th Symphony receives its first performance in
Vienna , Austria.
[23]
1906 –
Pope Pius X publishes the encyclical
Vehementer Nos .
[24]
1919 –
Friedrich Ebert (
SPD ), is elected
President of Germany .
[25]
1929 – The
Kingdom of Italy and the
Vatican sign the
Lateran Treaty .
[26]
1937 – The
Flint sit-down strike ends when
General Motors recognizes the
United Auto Workers trade union.
[27]
1938 –
BBC Television produces the world's first ever
science fiction television programme, an adaptation of a section of the
Karel Čapek play
R.U.R. , that coined the term "
robot ".
[28]
1942 –
World War II : Second day of the
Battle of Bukit Timah is fought in
Singapore .
[29]
1946 – The
New Testament of the
Revised Standard Version of the
Bible , the first significant challenge to the
Authorized King James Version , is published.
[30]
[31]
[32]
[33]
1953 –
Cold War : U.S. President
Dwight D. Eisenhower denies all appeals for clemency for
Julius and Ethel Rosenberg .
[34]
1953 –
Israeli-Soviet relations are severed.
[35]
1959 – The
Federation of Arab Emirates of the South is created as a
protectorate of the United Kingdom.
[36]
1963 —
The Beatles recorded their first album
Please Please Me
[37]
1970 – Japan launches
Ohsumi , becoming the fourth nation to put an object into orbit using its own booster.
[38]
1971 – Cold War: the
Seabed Arms Control Treaty opened for signature outlawing
nuclear weapons on the ocean floor in
international waters .
[39]
1978 –
Pacific Western Airlines Flight 314 crashes at the
Cranbrook/Canadian Rockies International Airport in
Cranbrook, British Columbia ,
Canada with 42 deaths and seven survivors.
[40]
1979 – The
Iranian Revolution establishes an Islamic theocracy under the leadership of
Ayatollah
Ruhollah Khomeini .
[41]
1990 –
Nelson Mandela is released from
Victor Verster Prison outside
Cape Town , South Africa after 27 years as a political prisoner.
[42]
1990 –
Buster Douglas , a 42:1 underdog,
knocks out
Mike Tyson in ten rounds at Tokyo to win
boxing 's world Heavyweight title.
[43]
1997 –
Space Shuttle Discovery is launched on a
mission to service the
Hubble Space Telescope .
[44]
1999 –
Pluto crosses Neptune's orbit, ending a nearly 20-year period when it was closer to the Sun than the gas giant; Pluto is not expected to interact with Neptune's orbit again until 2231.
[45]
2001 – A Dutch programmer launched the
Anna Kournikova virus infecting millions of
emails via a trick photo of the
tennis star.
[46]
2008 – Rebel
East Timorese soldiers
seriously wound President
José Ramos-Horta . Rebel leader
Alfredo Reinado is killed in the attack.
[47]
2011 –
Arab Spring : The
first wave of the
Egyptian revolution culminates in the resignation of
Hosni Mubarak and the transfer of power to the Supreme Military Council after 17 days of protests.
[48]
2013 – The Vatican confirmed that
Pope Benedict XVI would
resign the papacy as a result of his advanced age.
[49]
2013 – Militants claiming to be from the
Sultanate of Sulu invade
Lahad Datu District ,
Sabah , Malaysia, beginning the
Lahad Datu standoff .
[50]
2014 – A military transport
plane crashes in a mountainous area of
Oum El Bouaghi Province in eastern
Algeria , killing 77 people.
[51]
2015 – A university student was
murdered as she resisted an attempted rape in
Turkey , sparking nationwide protests and public outcry against harassment and
violence against women .
[52]
2016 – A man
shoots seven people dead at an education center in
Jizan Province , Saudi Arabia.
[53]
2017 –
North Korea
test fires a ballistic missile across the
Sea of Japan .
[54]
2018 –
Saratov Airlines Flight 703 crashes near
Moscow ,
Russia with 71 deaths and no survivors.
[55]
2020 –
COVID-19 pandemic : The
World Health Organization officially names the coronavirus outbreak as
COVID-19 , with the virus being designated
SARS-CoV-2 .
[56]
2024 –
2024 Finnish presidential election :
Alexander Stubb is elected as the
13th president of Finland .
[57]
Births
Pre-1600
1601–1900
1649 –
William Carstares , Scottish minister and academic (d. 1715)
[62]
1657 –
Bernard Le Bovier de Fontenelle , French poet and playwright (d. 1757)
[63]
1708 –
Egidio Duni , Italian composer (d. 1775)
[64]
1764 –
Marie-Joseph Chénier , French poet and playwright (d. 1811)
[65]
1776 –
Ioannis Kapodistrias , Greek politician, 1st
Governor of Greece (d. 1831)
[66]
1800 –
Henry Fox Talbot , English photographer and politician, invented the
calotype (d. 1877)
[67]
1802 –
Lydia Maria Child , American journalist, author, and activist (d. 1880)
[68]
1805 –
Jean Baptiste Charbonneau , Native American-French Canadian explorer (d. 1866)
[69]
1812 –
Alexander H. Stephens , American lawyer and politician,
Vice President of the Confederate States of America (d. 1883)
[70]
1813 –
Otto Ludwig , German author, playwright, and critic (d. 1865)
[71]
1821 –
Auguste Mariette , French archaeologist and scholar (d. 1881)
[72]
1830 –
Hans Bronsart von Schellendorff , Prussian pianist and composer (d. 1913)
[73]
1833 –
Melville Fuller , American lawyer and jurist, 8th
Chief Justice of the United States (d. 1910)
[74]
1839 –
Josiah Willard Gibbs , American physicist (d. 1903)
[75]
1845 –
Ahmet Tevfik Pasha , Ottoman soldier and politician,
Grand Vizier of the Ottoman Empire (d. 1936)
[76]
1847 –
Thomas Edison , American engineer and businessman, developed the
light bulb and
phonograph (d. 1931)
[77]
1855 –
Ellen Day Hale , American painter and author (d. 1940)
[78]
1860 –
Rachilde , French author and playwright (d. 1953)
[79]
1863 –
John F. Fitzgerald , American politician;
Mayor of Boston (d. 1950)
[80]
1864 –
Louis Bouveault , French chemist (d. 1909)
[81]
1869 –
Helene Kröller-Müller , German-Dutch art collector and philanthropist, founded the
Kröller-Müller Museum (d. 1939)
[82]
[83]
1869 –
Else Lasker-Schüler , German poet and author (d. 1945)
[84]
1874 –
Elsa Beskow , Swedish author and illustrator (d. 1953)
[85]
1877 –
Aasa Helgesen , Norwegian midwife (d. 1968)
[86]
1881 –
Carlo Carrà , Italian painter (d. 1966)
[87]
1888 –
John Warren Davis , American educator, college administrator, and civil rights leader (d. 1980)
[88]
[89]
1897 –
Emil Leon Post , Polish-American mathematician and logician (d.1954)
[90]
1898 –
Leo Szilard , Hungarian-American physicist and academic (d. 1964)
[91]
1900 –
Ellen Broe , Danish nurse, pioneer in nursing education (d. 1994)
[92]
1900 –
Hans-Georg Gadamer , German philosopher and scholar (d. 2002)
[93]
1900 –
Jōsei Toda , Japanese educator and activist (d. 1958)
[94]
1901–present
1902 –
Arne Jacobsen , Danish architect, designed
Radisson Blu Royal Hotel (d. 1971)
[95]
1904 –
Keith Holyoake , New Zealand farmer and politician, 26th
Prime Minister of New Zealand (d. 1983)
[96]
1904 –
Lucile Randon , French
supercentenarian
[97] (d. 2023)
1908 –
Philip Dunne , American screenwriter (d. 1992)
[98]
1908 –
Vivian Fuchs , English explorer (d. 1999)
[99]
1909 –
Max Baer , American boxer and actor (d. 1959)
[100]
1909 –
Joseph L. Mankiewicz , American director, producer, and screenwriter (d. 1993)
[101]
1912 –
Rudolf Firkušný , Czech-American pianist and educator (d. 1994)
[102]
1914 –
Matt Dennis , American singer-songwriter and pianist (d. 2002)
[103]
1914 –
Josh White , American blues singer-songwriter and guitarist (d. 1969)
[104]
1915 –
Patrick Leigh Fermor , English soldier, author, and scholar (d. 2011)
[105]
1915 –
Richard Hamming , American mathematician and academic (d. 1998)
[106]
1917 –
Sidney Sheldon , American author and screenwriter (d. 2007)
[107]
1919 –
Eva Gabor , Hungarian-American actress (d. 1995)
[108]
1920 –
Farouk of Egypt (d. 1965)
[109]
1920 –
Daniel F. Galouye , American author (d. 1976)
[110]
1920 –
Billy Halop , American actor (d. 1976)
[111]
1920 –
Daniel James, Jr. , American general and pilot (d. 1978)
[112]
1921 –
Lloyd Bentsen , American politician, 69th
United States Secretary of the Treasury (d. 2006)
[113]
1921 –
Ottavio Missoni , Italian hurdler and fashion designer, founded
Missoni (d. 2013)
[114]
1923 –
Antony Flew , English philosopher and academic (d. 2010)
[115]
1924 –
Budge Patty , American tennis player (d. 2021)
[116]
1925 –
Virginia E. Johnson , American psychologist and academic (d. 2013)
[117]
1925 –
Kim Stanley , American actress (d. 2001)
[118]
1926 –
Paul Bocuse , French chef (d. 2018)
[119]
1926 –
Leslie Nielsen , Canadian-American actor and producer (d. 2010)
[120]
1930 –
Roy De Forest , American painter and academic (d. 2007).
[121]
1930 –
Mary Quant , British fashion designer (d. 2023)
[122]
[notes 1]
1932 –
Dennis Skinner , English miner and politician
[123]
1934 –
Mel Carnahan , American lawyer and politician, 51st
Governor of Missouri (d. 2000)
[124]
1934 –
Tina Louise , American actress and singer
[125]
1934 –
Manuel Noriega , Panamanian general and politician,
Military leader of Panama (d. 2017)
[126]
1934 –
David Taylor , English veterinarian and television host (d. 2013)
[127]
1935 –
Gene Vincent , American singer and guitarist (d. 1971)
[128]
1936 –
Burt Reynolds , American actor and director (d. 2018)
[129]
1937 –
Ian Gow , British politician (d. 1990)
[130]
1937 –
Bill Lawry , Australian cricketer and sportscaster
[131]
1937 –
Eddie Shack , Canadian ice hockey player (d. 2020)
[132]
1937 –
Phillip Walker , American singer and guitarist (d. 2010)
[133]
1938 –
Bevan Congdon , New Zealand cricketer (d. 2018)
[134]
1939 –
Gerry Goffin , American songwriter (d. 2014)
[135]
1940 –
Calvin Fowler , American basketball player (d. 2013)
[136]
1941 –
Sérgio Mendes , Brazilian pianist and composer
[137]
1942 –
Otis Clay , American singer-songwriter (d. 2016)
[138]
1943 –
Joselito , Spanish singer and actor
[139]
1943 –
Alan Rubin , American trumpet player (d. 2011)
[140]
1944 –
Mike Oxley , American lawyer and politician (d. 2016)
[141]
1944 –
Joy Williams , American novelist, short story writer, and essayist
[142]
1946 –
Ian Porterfield , Scottish footballer and manager (d. 2007)
[143]
1947 –
Yukio Hatoyama , Japanese engineer and politician and Prime Minister of Japan
[144]
1947 –
Derek Shulman , Scottish singer-songwriter and producer
[145]
1949 –
James Silas , American basketball player
[146]
1951 –
Mike Leavitt , American politician, 14th
Governor of Utah
[147]
1953 –
Philip Anglim , American actor
[148]
1953 –
Jeb Bush , American banker and politician, 43rd
Governor of Florida
[149]
1953 –
Tom Veryzer , American baseball player (d. 2014)
[150]
1954 –
Wesley Strick , American director and screenwriter
[151]
1956 –
Catherine Hickland , American actress
[152]
1956 –
Didier Lockwood , French violinist (d. 2018)
[153]
1957 –
Tina Ambani , Indian actress and chairperson
[154]
1959 –
Roberto Moreno , Brazilian race car driver
[155]
1960 –
Richard Mastracchio , American engineer and astronaut
[156]
1961 –
Carey Lowell , American actress
[157]
1962 –
Tammy Baldwin , American lawyer and politician
[158]
1962 –
Sheryl Crow , American singer-songwriter and guitarist
[159]
1964 –
Sarah Palin , American politician, 9th
Governor of Alaska
[160]
1964 –
Ken Shamrock , American martial artist and wrestler
[161]
1965 –
Vicki Wilson , Australian netball player
[162]
1967 –
Ciro Ferrara , Italian footballer and manager
1968 –
Mo Willems , American author and illustrator
[163]
1969 –
Jennifer Aniston , American actress and producer
[164]
1969 –
Andreas Hilfiker , Swiss footballer
[165]
1969 –
John Salako , Nigerian-English footballer, manager, and sportscaster
[166]
1971 –
Damian Lewis , English actor
[167]
1972 –
Steve McManaman , English footballer
[168]
1972 –
Kelly Slater , American surfer
[108]
1973 –
Varg Vikernes , Norwegian guitarist and songwriter
[169]
1974 –
Nick Barmby , English footballer and manager
[170]
1974 –
D'Angelo , American singer-songwriter, guitarist, and producer
[171]
1974 –
Alex Jones , American radio show host and conspiracy theorist
[172]
1974 –
Isaiah Mustafa , American actor and football player
[108]
1974 –
Jaroslav Špaček , Czech ice hockey player and coach
[173]
1975 –
Andy Lally , American race car driver
[174]
1975 –
Callum Thorp , Australian cricketer
[175]
1975 –
Jacque Vaughn , American basketball player and coach
[176]
1976 –
Tony Battie , American basketball player and sportscaster
[177]
1976 –
Bryce Salvador , Canadian ice hockey player
[178]
1977 –
Mike Shinoda , American musician and artist
[179]
1979 –
Brandy Norwood , American singer-songwriter, producer, and actress
[180]
1980 –
Matthew Lawrence , American actor and singer
[157]
1981 –
Kelly Rowland , American singer and actress
[181]
1982 –
Daryn Colledge , American football player
[182]
1982 –
Natalie Dormer , English actress
[183]
1982 –
Ľubomíra Kalinová , Slovak biathlete
[184]
1982 –
Neil Robertson , Australian snooker player
[185]
1983 –
Rafael van der Vaart , Dutch footballer
[186]
1984 –
Maarten Heisen , Dutch sprinter
[187]
1984 –
Marco Marcato , Italian cyclist
[188]
1984 –
Aubrey O'Day , American singer and reality television personality
[157]
1984 –
Maxime Talbot , Canadian ice hockey player
[189]
1984 –
Alando Tucker , American basketball player and coach
[190]
1985 –
Mike Richards , Canadian ice hockey player
[191]
1985 –
Šárka Strachová , Czech skier
[192]
1986 –
Gabriel Boric , Chilean politician, 36th
President of Chile
[193]
1987 –
Luca Antonelli , Italian footballer
[194]
1987 –
Juanmi Callejón , Spanish footballer
[195]
1987 –
Brian Matusz , American baseball player
[196]
1987 –
Jan Smeekens , Dutch speed skater
[197]
1987 –
Ellen van Dijk , Dutch cyclist
[198]
1988 –
Vlad Moldoveanu , Romanian basketball player
[199]
1990 –
Javier Aquino , Mexican footballer
[200]
1990 –
Q'orianka Kilcher , German-American actress
[157]
1991 –
Laurent Duvernay-Tardif , Canadian football player and medical doctor
[201]
1991 –
Nikola Mirotic , Spanish basketball player
[202]
1992 –
Lasse Norman Hansen , Danish track and road cyclist
[203]
1992 –
Taylor Lautner , American actor
[204]
1992 –
Jake Matthews , American football player
[205]
1993 –
Ben McLemore , American basketball player
[206]
1994 –
Dansby Swanson , American baseball player
[207]
1995 –
Milan Škriniar , Slovak footballer
[208]
1995 –
Rick Karsdorp , Dutch footballer
[209]
1996 –
Daniil Medvedev , Russian tennis player
[210]
1996 –
Jonathan Tah , German footballer
[211]
1996 –
Lucas Torreira , Uruguayan footballer
[212]
1997 –
Damien Harris , American football player
[213]
1997 –
Mike Hughes , American football player
[214]
1997 –
Hubert Hurkacz , Polish tennis player
[215]
1997 –
Rosé , New Zealand-South Korean singer and dancer
[108]
1998 –
Trent Frederic , American ice hockey player
[216]
1998 –
Josh Jacobs , American football player
[217]
1998 –
Khalid , American singer and songwriter
[218]
2000 –
Nassir Little , American basketball player
[219]
2001 –
Bryan Gil , Spanish footballer
[220]
Deaths
Pre-1600
1601–1900
1626 –
Pietro Cataldi , Italian mathematician and astronomer (b. 1548)
[227]
1650 –
René Descartes , French mathematician and philosopher (b. 1596)
[228]
1755 –
Francesco Scipione, marchese di Maffei , Italian archaeologist, playwright, and critic (b. 1675)
[229]
1763 –
William Shenstone , English poet and gardener (b. 1714)
[230]
1768 –
George Dance the Elder , English architect, designed
St Leonard's and
St Botolph's Aldgate (b. 1695)
[231]
[232]
[233]
1795 –
Carl Michael Bellman , Swedish poet and composer (b. 1740)
[234]
1811 –
Juan Sánchez Ramírez , leader of the troops that fought against the French rule of Santo Domingo's colony between 1808 and 1809 (b. 1762)
[235]
1829 –
Alexander Griboyedov , Russian poet, playwright, and composer (b. 1795)
[236]
1862 –
Elizabeth Siddal , English poet and artist's model (b. 1829)
[237]
1868 –
Léon Foucault , French physicist and academic (b. 1819)
[238]
1898 –
Félix María Zuloaga , Mexican general and unconstitutional interim president (b. 1813)
[239]
1901–present
1901 –
Milan I of Serbia (b. 1855)
[240]
1917 –
Oswaldo Cruz , Brazilian physician and epidemiologist (b. 1872)
[241]
1918 –
Alexey Kaledin , Russian general (b. 1861)
[242]
1931 –
Charles Algernon Parsons , English-Irish engineer, invented the
steam turbine (b. 1854)
[243]
1938 –
Kalle Korhonen , Finnish politician (b. 1878)
[244]
1940 –
John Buchan , Scottish-Canadian historian and politician,
Governor General of Canada (b. 1875)
[245]
1940 –
Ellen Day Hale , American painter and author (b. 1855)
[78]
1942 –
Jamnalal Bajaj , Indian businessman and philanthropist (b. 1884)
[246]
1947 –
Martin Klein , Estonian wrestler and coach (b. 1884)
[247]
1948 –
Sergei Eisenstein , Russian director and screenwriter (b. 1898)
[248]
1949 –
Axel Munthe , Swedish doctor (b. 1857)
[249]
1958 –
Ernest Jones , Welsh neurologist and psychoanalyst (b. 1879)
[250]
1963 –
John Olof Dahlgren , Swedish-American soldier,
Medal of Honor recipient (b. 1872)
[251]
1963 –
Sylvia Plath , American poet, novelist, and short story writer (b. 1932)
[252]
1967 –
A. J. Muste , Dutch-American minister and activist (b. 1885)
[253]
1968 –
Howard Lindsay , American playwright (b. 1889)
[254]
1973 –
J. Hans D. Jensen , German physicist and academic,
Nobel Prize laureate (b. 1907)
[255]
1975 –
Richard Ratsimandrava , Malagasy colonel and politician,
President of Madagascar (b. 1931)
[256]
1976 –
Lee J. Cobb , American actor (b. 1911)
[257]
1976 –
Alexander Lippisch , German pilot and engineer (b. 1894)
[258]
1977 –
Fakhruddin Ali Ahmed , Indian lawyer and politician, 5th
President of India (b. 1905)
[259]
1977 –
Louis Beel , Dutch academic and politician,
Prime Minister of the Netherlands (b. 1902)
[260]
1978 –
James Bryant Conant , American chemist and academic (b. 1893)
[261]
1978 –
Harry Martinson , Swedish novelist, essayist, and poet,
Nobel Prize laureate (b. 1904)
[262]
1982 –
Eleanor Powell , American actress and dancer (b. 1912)
[263]
1985 –
Henry Hathaway , American actor, director, and producer (b. 1898)
[264]
1986 –
Frank Herbert , American journalist and author (b. 1920)
[265]
1989 –
George O'Hanlon , American actor and voice artist (b. 1912)
[266]
1993 –
Robert W. Holley , American biochemist and academic,
Nobel Prize laureate (b. 1922)
[267]
1994 –
Neil Bonnett , American race car driver (b. 1946)
[268]
1994 –
Sorrell Booke , American actor and director (b. 1930)
[269]
1994 –
William Conrad , American actor, director, and producer (b. 1920)
[270]
1994 –
Paul Feyerabend , Austrian-Swiss philosopher and academic (b. 1924)
[271]
1996 –
Amelia Rosselli , Italian poet and author (b. 1930)
[272]
2000 –
Lord Kitchner , Trinidadian singer (b. 1922)
[273]
2000 –
Roger Vadim , French director, producer, and screenwriter (b. 1928)
[274]
2002 –
Frankie Crosetti , American baseball player and coach (b. 1910)
[275]
2002 –
Barry Foster , English actor (b. 1931)
[276]
2004 –
Shirley Strickland , Australian runner (b. 1925)
[277]
2005 –
Jack L. Chalker , American author (b. 1944)
[278]
2006 –
Peter Benchley , American author and screenwriter (b. 1940)
[279]
2006 –
Ken Fletcher , Australian tennis player (b. 1940)
[280]
2006 –
Jackie Pallo , English wrestler and actor (b. 1926)
[281]
2006 –
Matilda , American
chicken and
stage magician , oldest known chicken (h. 1990)
[282]
2008 –
Tom Lantos , American lawyer and politician (b. 1928)
[283]
2008 –
Frank Piasecki , American engineer (b. 1919)
[284]
2009 –
Estelle Bennett , American singer (b. 1941)
[285]
2009 –
Willem Johan Kolff , Dutch-American physician and academic (b. 1911)
[286]
2010 –
Heward Grafftey , Canadian businessman and politician (b. 1928)
[287]
2010 –
Alexander McQueen , English fashion designer, founder of
his eponymous brand (b. 1969)
[288]
2011 –
Chuck Tanner , American baseball player and manager (b. 1928)
[289]
2012 –
Siri Bjerke , Norwegian politician,
Norwegian Minister of the Environment (b. 1958)
[290]
2012 –
Aharon Davidi , Israeli general (b. 1927)
[291]
2012 –
Whitney Houston , American singer-songwriter, producer, and actress (b. 1963)
[292]
2013 –
Rick Huxley , English bass player (b. 1940)
[293]
2014 –
Alice Babs , Swedish singer and actress (b. 1924)
[294]
2014 –
Tito Canepa , Dominican-American painter (b. 1916)
[295]
[296]
2014 –
Fernando González Pacheco , Colombian journalist and actor (b. 1932)
[297]
2015 –
Roger Hanin , French actor, director, and screenwriter (b. 1925)
[298]
2015 –
Bob Simon , American journalist (b. 1941)
[299]
2015 –
Jerry Tarkanian , American basketball player and coach (b. 1930)
[300]
2016 –
Kevin Randleman , American mixed martial artist and wrestler (b. 1971)
[301]
2016 –
Zeng Xuelin , Thai-Chinese footballer and manager (b. 1929)
[302]
2017 –
Fab Melo , Brazilian basketball player (b. 1990)
[303]
2017 –
Jaap Rijks , Dutch Olympian (b. 1919)
[304]
2017 –
Trish Doan , Korean-Canadian musician (b. 1985)
[305]
2018 –
Vic Damone , American singer, songwriter and actor (b. 1928)
[306]
2018 –
Asma Jahangir , Pakistani
human-rights lawyer and social activist (b. 1952)
[307]
2018 –
Jan Maxwell , American stage and television actress (b. 1956)
[308]
2018 –
Qazi Wajid , Pakistani drama actor, writer and artist (b. 1930)
[309]
Holidays and observances
^ The Mary Quant exhibition at the
Victoria and Albert Museum in 2019–20 stated her year of birth as 1930, and that she became a student at
Goldsmiths College around 1950. However, the sleeve to her own autobiography (2012) gives the year as 1934, a date that has been widely cited over the years. Obituaries in April 2023 seemed universally to have accepted that she was 93 when she died: in other words, that she was born on 11 February 1930.
Works cited
References
^
a
b
c
d Trawicky, Bernard (2009).
Anniversaries and Holidays . American Library Association. p. 25.
ISBN
978-0-8389-1004-7 .
^ Dominic Sandbrook. "Nero assassinates his stepbrother". BBC History (February 2020): 12.
^ Mote, Frederick W. (1999).
Imperial China, 900-1800 . Cambridge, Mass.: Harvard University Press. p. 95.
ISBN
9780674445154 .
^
"History Of Science And Technology In Islam" . www.history-science-technology.com .
^ Haigh, Christopher (1993).
English Reformations: Religion, Politics, and Society Under the Tudorslocation=Oxford, UK . Oxford University Press. pp. 106–109.
ISBN
9780198221623 .
^
Martinic, Mateo (1977).
Historia del Estrecho de Magallanes (in Spanish). Santiago: Andrés Bello. pp. 112–119.
^
"Drake and the Tudor Navy: With a History of the Rise of England as a Maritime Power , Volume 2" . New York, B. Franklin. 1965.
^ William Henry Wilkins (1904).
A Queen of Tears: Caroline Matilda, Queen of Denmark and Norway and Princess of Great Britain and Ireland . Library of Alexandria. p. 183.
ISBN
978-1-4656-0740-9 .
^
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