From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Day of the year
July 20 is the 201st day of the year (202nd in
leap years ) in the
Gregorian calendar ; 164 days remain until the end of the year.
Events
Pre-1600
1601–1900
1705 – A fire in
Oulu ,
Finland almost
completely destroyed the fourth district , which covered the southern part of the city and was by far the largest of the city districts.
[1]
[2]
1715 –
Seventh Ottoman–Venetian War : The
Ottoman Empire
captures
Nauplia , the capital of the
Republic of Venice 's "
Kingdom of the Morea ", thereby opening the way to the swift
Ottoman reconquest of the Morea .
[3]
1738 – Canadian explorer
Pierre Gaultier de Varennes et de La Vérendrye reaches the western shore of
Lake Michigan .
1799 –
Tekle Giyorgis I begins his first of six reigns as
Emperor of Ethiopia .
[4]
1807 –
Nicéphore Niépce is awarded a patent by
Napoleon for the
Pyréolophore , the world's first
internal combustion engine , after it successfully powered a boat upstream on the river
Saône in France.
1810 – Citizens of
Bogotá ,
New Granada declare independence from Spain.
1831 –
Seneca and
Shawnee people agree to relinquish their land in western
Ohio for 60,000 acres west of the
Mississippi River .
[5]
1848 – The first
Women's Rights Convention in
Seneca Falls, New York , a two-day event, concludes.
1864 – American Civil War:
Battle of Peachtree Creek : Near
Atlanta, Georgia ,
Confederate forces led by General
John Bell Hood unsuccessfully attack
Union
troops under General
William T. Sherman .
1866 –
Austro-Prussian War :
Battle of Lissa : The
Austrian Navy , led by Admiral
Wilhelm von Tegetthoff , defeats the
Italian Navy near the island of
Vis in the
Adriatic Sea .
1871 –
British Columbia joins the confederation of Canada.
1885 –
The Football Association legalizes professionalism in
association football under pressure from the
British Football Association .
1901–present
1903 – The
Ford Motor Company ships its first automobile.
1906 – In
Finland , a new electoral law is ratified, guaranteeing the country the first and equal right to vote in the world. Finnish women are the first in Europe to
receive the right to vote .
[6]
1917 –
World War I : The
Corfu Declaration , which leads to the creation of the post-war
Kingdom of Yugoslavia , is signed by the Yugoslav Committee and Kingdom of Serbia.
1920 – The Greek Army takes control of
Silivri after
Greece is awarded the city by the
Paris Peace Conference ; by 1923 Greece effectively lost control to the Turks.
1922 – The
League of Nations awards mandates of
Togoland to France and
Tanganyika to the United Kingdom.
1932 – In the
Preußenschlag , German President Hindenburg places Prussia directly under the rule of the national government.
1934 – Labor unrest in the U.S.: Police in
Minneapolis fire upon striking
truck drivers , during the
Minneapolis Teamsters Strike of 1934 , killing two and wounding sixty-seven.
1934 –
West Coast waterfront strike : In
Seattle , police fire
tear gas on and club 2,000 striking
longshoremen . The
governor of Oregon calls out the National Guard to break a strike on the
Portland docks.
1935 – Switzerland: A
Royal Dutch Airlines plane en route from
Milan to
Frankfurt crashes into a Swiss mountain, killing thirteen.
1936 – The
Montreux Convention is signed in
Switzerland , authorizing
Turkey to fortify the
Dardanelles and
Bosphorus but guaranteeing free passage to ships of all nations in peacetime.
1938 – The
United States Department of Justice files suit in New York City against the
motion picture industry charging violations of the
Sherman Antitrust Act in regards to the
studio system . The case would eventually result in a break-up of the industry in
1948 .
1940 – Denmark leaves the
League of Nations .
1940 –
California opens its first
freeway , the
Arroyo Seco Parkway .
1941 –
Soviet leader
Joseph Stalin consolidates the Commissariats of Home Affairs and National Security to form the
NKVD and names
Lavrentiy Beria its chief.
1944 –
World War II :
Adolf Hitler survives
an assassination attempt led by German Army Colonel
Claus von Stauffenberg .
1949 – The
Israel–Syria Mixed Armistice Commission brokers the last of four ceasefire agreements to end the
1948 Arab–Israeli War .
1950 –
Cold War : In
Philadelphia ,
Harry Gold pleads guilty to spying for the Soviet Union by passing secrets from atomic scientist
Klaus Fuchs .
1950 – After a month-long campaign, the majority of North Korea's
Air Force
was destroyed by anti-communist forces.
[7]
1951 – King
Abdullah I of Jordan is assassinated by a Palestinian while attending Friday prayers in
Jerusalem .
1954 – Germany:
Otto John , head of West Germany's secret service, defects to
East Germany .
1960 – Ceylon (now
Sri Lanka ) elects
Sirimavo Bandaranaike
Prime Minister , the world's first elected female head of government.
1960 – The
Polaris missile is successfully launched from a submarine, the
USS George Washington , for the first time.
1961 – French military forces break the
Tunisian
siege of Bizerte .
1964 –
Vietnam War :
Viet Cong forces attack the capital of
Định Tường Province ,
Cái Bè , killing 11
South Vietnamese military personnel and 40 civilians (30 of whom are children).
1968 – The first International
Special Olympics Summer Games are held at
Soldier Field in Chicago, with about 1,000 athletes with intellectual disabilities.
1969 –
Apollo program :
Apollo 11 's crew successfully makes the first human landing on the
Moon in the
Sea of Tranquility . Americans
Neil Armstrong and
Buzz Aldrin become the first humans to walk on the Moon six and a half hours later.
1969 – A cease fire is announced between
Honduras and
El Salvador , six days after the beginning of the "
Football War ".
1974 –
Turkish invasion of Cyprus : Forces from
Turkey invade
Cyprus after a coup d'état , organised by the dictator of Greece, against
president Makarios .
1976 – The American
Viking 1 lander successfully lands on
Mars .
[8]
1977 – The
Central Intelligence Agency releases documents under the
Freedom of Information Act revealing it had engaged in
mind-control experiments .
1977 – The
Johnstown flood of 1977 kills 84 people and causes millions of dollars in damages.
1981 –
Somali Airlines Flight 40 crashes in the
Balad District of
Somalia , killing 40 people.
[9]
1982 –
Hyde Park and Regent's Park bombings : The
Provisional IRA detonates two
bombs in
Hyde Park and
Regent's Park in central London, killing eight soldiers, wounding forty-seven people, and leading to the deaths of seven horses.
1985 – The government of
Aruba passes legislation to secede from the
Netherlands Antilles .
1989 –
Burma 's ruling junta puts opposition leader
Aung San Suu Kyi under house arrest.
1992 –
Václav Havel resigns as president of
Czechoslovakia .
1997 – The fully restored
USS Constitution (a.k.a. Old Ironsides ) celebrates its 200th birthday by setting sail for the first time in 116 years.
1999 – The Chinese Communist Party begins a
persecution campaign against
Falun Gong , arresting thousands nationwide.
2005 – The
Civil Marriage Act legalizes same-sex marriage in Canada.
2012 –
James Holmes
opened fire at a movie theater in
Aurora, Colorado , killing 12 and injuring 70 others.
2012 –
Syrian civil war : The
People's Protection Units (YPG) capture the cities of
Amuda and
Efrîn without resistance.
[10]
2013 – Seventeen government soldiers are killed in
an attack by
FARC revolutionaries in the Colombian department of
Arauca .
2013 –
Syrian civil war : The
Battle of Ras al-Ayn ends with the expulsion of Islamist forces from the city by the
People's Protection Units (YPG).
[11]
2015 – A huge
explosion in the mostly
Kurdish border town of
Suruç , Turkey, targeting the Socialist Youth Associations Federation, kills at least 31 people and injures over 100.
2015 – The
United States and
Cuba resume full
diplomatic relations after five decades.
2017 –
O. J. Simpson is granted parole to be released from prison after serving nine years of a 33-year sentence after being convicted of armed robbery in
Las Vegas .
2021 – American businessman
Jeff Bezos flies to space aboard
New Shepard
NS-16 operated by his
private spaceflight company
Blue Origin .
[12]
Births
Pre-1600
682 –
Taichō , Japanese monk and scholar (d. 767)
1304 –
Petrarch , Italian poet and scholar (d. 1374)
1313 –
John Tiptoft, 2nd Baron Tibetot (d. 1367)
1346 –
Margaret, Countess of Pembroke , daughter of King Edward III of England (d. 1361)
1470 –
John Bourchier, 1st Earl of Bath , English noble (d. 1539)
1519 –
Pope Innocent IX (d. 1591)
[13]
1537 –
Arnaud d'Ossat , French cardinal (d. 1604)
1583 –
Alban Roe , English Benedictine martyr (d. 1642)
1591 –
Anne Hutchinson , English Puritan preacher (d. 1643)
1592 –
Johan Björnsson Printz , governor of
New Sweden (d. 1663)
1601–1900
1601 –
Robert Wallop , English politician (d. 1667)
1620 –
Nikolaes Heinsius the Elder , Dutch poet and scholar (d. 1681)
1649 –
William Bentinck, 1st Earl of Portland (d. 1709)
1754 –
Antoine Destutt de Tracy , French philosopher and academic (d. 1836)
1757 –
Garsevan Chavchavadze , Georgian politician and diplomat (d. 1811)
1762 –
Jakob Haibel , Austrian tenor and composer (d. 1826)
1774 –
Auguste de Marmont , French general (d. 1852)
1789 –
Mahmud II , Ottoman sultan (d. 1839)
1804 –
Richard Owen , English biologist, anatomist, and paleontologist (d. 1892)
1816 –
sir William Bowman , English surgeon, histologist and anatomist. (d. 1892)
[14]
1822 –
Gregor Mendel , Austro-German monk, geneticist and botanist (d. 1884)
1838 –
Augustin Daly , American playwright and manager (d. 1899)
1830 –
Clements Markham , English explorer (d. 1916)
[15]
1838 –
William Paine Lord , American lawyer and politician, 9th
Governor of Oregon (d. 1911)
1838 –
Sir George Trevelyan, 2nd Baronet , English civil servant and politician,
Chancellor of the Duchy of Lancaster (d. 1928)
1847 –
Max Liebermann , German painter and academic (d. 1935)
1849 –
Robert Anderson Van Wyck , American lawyer and politician, 91st
Mayor of New York City (d. 1918)
1852 –
Theo Heemskerk , Dutch lawyer and politician,
Prime Minister of the Netherlands (d. 1932)
1854 –
Philomène Belliveau , Canadian artist (d. 1940)
1864 –
Erik Axel Karlfeldt , Swedish poet,
Nobel Prize laureate (d. 1931)
1864 –
Ruggero Oddi , Italian physiologist and anatomist (d. 1913)
1868 –
Miron Cristea , Romanian cleric and politician, 38th
Prime Minister of Romania (d. 1939)
1873 –
Alberto Santos-Dumont , Brazilian pilot (d. 1932)
1876 –
Otto Blumenthal , German mathematician and academic (d. 1944)
1877 –
Tom Crean , Irish sailor and explorer (d. 1938)
1882 –
Olga Hahn-Neurath , Austrian mathematician and philosopher (d. 1937)
1889 –
John Reith, 1st Baron Reith , Scottish broadcaster, co-founded
BBC (d. 1971)
1890 –
Verna Felton , American actress (d. 1966)
1890 –
Julie Vinter Hansen , Danish-Swiss astronomer and academic (d. 1960)
1890 –
Giorgio Morandi , Italian painter (d. 1964)
1893 –
George Llewelyn Davies , English soldier (d. 1915)
1895 –
László Moholy-Nagy , Hungarian painter, photographer, and sculptor (d. 1946)
1897 –
Tadeusz Reichstein , Polish-Swiss chemist and academic,
Nobel Prize laureate (d. 1996)
1900 –
Maurice Leyland , English cricketer and coach (d. 1967)
1901–present
1901 –
Vehbi Koç , Turkish businessman and philanthropist, founded
Koç Holding (d. 1996)
1901 –
Eugenio Lopez Sr. , Filipino businessman and founder of the
Lopez Group of Companies (d. 1975)
1901 –
Heinie Manush , American baseball player and manager (d. 1971)
1901 –
Ida Mett , Belarusian Jewish anarchist (d. 1973)
[16]
1902 –
Leonidas Berry , American gastroenterologist (d. 1995)
1905 –
Joseph Levis , American foil fencer (d. 2005)
1909 –
Eric Rowan , South African cricketer (d. 1993)
1910 –
Vilém Tauský , Czech-English conductor and composer (d. 2004)
1911 –
Baqa Jilani , Indian cricketer (d. 1941)
1911 –
José Zabala-Santos , Filipino author and illustrator (d. 1985)
1911 –
Loda Halama , Polish dancer and actress (d. 1996)
1912 –
George Johnston , Australian journalist and author (d. 1970)
1914 –
Dobri Dobrev , Bulgarian philanthropist (d. 2018)
1914 –
Charilaos Florakis , Greek politician (d. 2005)
1914 –
Ersilio Tonini , Italian cardinal (d. 2013)
1918 –
Cindy Walker , American singer-songwriter and dancer (d. 2006)
1919 –
Edmund Hillary , New Zealand mountaineer and explorer (d. 2008)
1919 –
Jacquemine Charrott Lodwidge , English writer (d. 2012)
1920 –
Elliot Richardson , American lieutenant and politician, 11th
United States Secretary of Defense (d. 1999)
1921 –
Henri Alleg , English-French journalist and author (d. 2013)
1922 –
Alan Stephenson Boyd , American lawyer and politician, 1st
United States Secretary of Transportation (d. 2020)
1923 –
Stanisław Albinowski , Polish economist and journalist (d. 2005)
1924 –
Lola Albright , American actress and singer (d. 2017)
1924 –
Thomas Berger , American author and playwright (d. 2014)
1924 –
Mort Garson , Canadian-American songwriter and composer (d. 2008)
1925 –
Jacques Delors , French economist and politician, 8th
President of the European Commission (d. 2023)
1925 –
Frantz Fanon , French–Algerian psychiatrist and philosopher (d. 1961)
1927 –
Barbara Bergmann , American economist and academic (d. 2015)
1927 –
Heather Chasen , English actress (d. 2020)
1927 –
Michael Gielen , Austrian conductor and composer (d. 2019)
1927 –
Ian P. Howard , English-Canadian psychologist and academic (d. 2013)
1928 –
Józef Czyrek , Polish economist and politician,
Polish Minister of Foreign Affairs (d. 2013)
1928 –
Belaid Abdessalam ,
Prime Minister of Algeria (d. 2020)
1929 –
Hazel Hawke , Australian social worker and pianist, 23rd
Spouse of the Prime Minister of Australia (d. 2013)
1929 –
Mike Ilitch , American businessman, founded
Little Caesars (d. 2017)
1929 –
Rajendra Kumar , Pakistani-Indian actor and producer (d. 1999)
1929 –
David Tonkin , Australian politician, 38th
Premier of South Australia (d. 2000)
1930 –
Giannis Agouris , Greek journalist and author (d. 2006)
1930 –
Chuck Daly , American basketball player and coach (d. 2009)
1930 –
William H. Goetzmann , American historian and author (d. 2010)
1930 –
Sally Ann Howes , English-American singer and actress (d. 2021)
[17]
1931 –
Shakuntala Karandikar , Indian biographer, essayist and philanthropist (d. 2018)
[18]
[19]
1931 –
Tony Marsh , English race car driver (d. 2009)
1932 –
Nam June Paik , American artist (d. 2006)
1932 –
Otto Schily , German lawyer and politician,
German Minister of the Interior
1933 –
Buddy Knox , American singer-songwriter and guitarist (d. 1999)
1933 –
Cormac McCarthy , American novelist, playwright, and screenwriter (d. 2023)
1933 –
Rex Williams , English snooker player
1935 –
Peter Palumbo, Baron Palumbo , English businessman and art collector
1936 –
Alistair MacLeod , Canadian novelist and short story writer (d. 2014)
1936 –
Barbara Mikulski , American social worker and politician
1938 –
Deniz Baykal , Turkish lawyer and politician,
Deputy Prime Minister of Turkey (d. 2023)
1938 –
Roger Hunt , English footballer (d. 2021)
1938 –
Tony Oliva , Cuban-American baseball player and coach
1938 –
Diana Rigg , English actress (d. 2020)
[20]
1938 –
Natalie Wood , American actress (d. 1981)
1939 –
Judy Chicago , American feminist artist
[21]
1941 –
Don Chuy , American football player (d. 2014)
1941 –
Periklis Korovesis , Greek author and journalist (d. 2020)
1941 –
Kurt Raab , German actor, screenwriter, and production designer (d. 1988)
1942 –
Pete Hamilton , American race car driver (d. 2017)
1943 –
Chris Amon , New Zealand race car driver (d. 2016)
1943 –
John Lodge , English singer-songwriter, bass player, and producer
1943 –
Bob McNab , English footballer
1943 –
Adrian Păunescu , Romanian poet, journalist, and politician (d. 2010)
1943 –
Wendy Richard , English actress (d. 2009)
1944 –
Mel Daniels , American basketball player and coach (d. 2015)
1944 –
W. Cary Edwards , American politician (d. 2010)
1944 –
Olivier de Kersauson , French sailor
1944 –
T. G. Sheppard , American country music singer-songwriter
1945 –
Charles Bowden , American non-fiction author, journalist and essayist (d. 2014)
[22]
1945 –
Kim Carnes , American singer-songwriter
1945 –
Larry Craig , American soldier and politician
1945 –
Bo Rein , American football player and coach (d. 1980)
1946 –
Randal Kleiser , American actor, director, and producer
1947 –
Gerd Binnig , German physicist and academic,
Nobel Prize laureate
1947 –
Carlos Santana , Mexican-American singer-songwriter and guitarist
1948 –
Muse Watson , American actor and producer
1950 –
Edward Leigh , English lawyer and politician
1950 –
Lucille Lemay , Canadian archer
[23]
1951 –
Jeff Rawle , English actor and screenwriter
1953 –
Dave Evans , Welsh-Australian singer-songwriter
1953 –
Thomas Friedman , American journalist and author
1953 –
Marcia Hines , American-Australian singer and actress
1954 –
Moira Harris , American actress
1954 –
Jay Jay French , American guitarist and producer
1955 –
Desmond Douglas , Jamaican-English table tennis player
1955 –
René-Daniel Dubois , Canadian actor and playwright
1955 –
Jem Finer , English banjo player and songwriter
1956 –
Paul Cook , English drummer
1956 –
Thomas N'Kono , Cameroonian footballer
1956 –
Jim Prentice , Canadian lawyer and politician, 16th
Premier of Alberta (d. 2016)
1958 –
Mick MacNeil , Scottish keyboard player and songwriter
1958 –
Billy Mays , American salesman (d. 2009)
[24]
1959 –
Radney Foster , American singer-songwriter, guitarist, and producer
1960 –
Claudio Langes , Italian race car driver
1960 –
Prvoslav Vujčić , Serbian-Canadian poet and philosopher
1960 –
Sudesh Berry , Indian actor
1961 –
Óscar Elías Biscet , Cuban physician and activist, founded the
Lawton Foundation
1962 –
Carlos Alazraqui , American actor, producer, and screenwriter
1962 –
Giovanna Amati , Italian race car driver
1962 –
Julie Bindel , English journalist, author, and academic
1963 –
Frank Whaley , American actor, director, and screenwriter
1964 –
Chris Cornell , American singer-songwriter and guitarist (d. 2017)
1964 –
Terri Irwin , American-Australian zoologist and author
1964 –
Sebastiano Rossi , Italian footballer
1964 –
Bernd Schneider , German race car driver
1965 –
Jess Walter , American journalist and author
1966 –
Anton Du Beke , English dancer and presenter
[25]
1966 –
Stone Gossard , American singer-songwriter and guitarist
1966 –
Enrique Peña Nieto , Mexican lawyer and politician, 57th
President of Mexico
[26]
1967 –
Courtney Taylor-Taylor , American singer-songwriter and guitarist
1968 –
Jimmy Carson , American ice hockey player
1968 –
Hami Mandıralı , Turkish footballer and manager
1968 –
Kool G Rap , American hip-hop artist
1969 –
Josh Holloway , American actor
1969 –
Kreso Kovacec , Croatian-German footballer
1969 –
Giovanni Lombardi , Italian cyclist
1969 –
Joon Park , South Korean-American singer
1969 –
Tobi Vail , American singer and guitarist
1969 –
Vitamin C , American singer-songwriter
1971 –
Charles Johnson , American baseball player
1971 –
Sandra Oh , Canadian actress
1972 –
Jamie Ainscough , Australian rugby league player
1972 –
Jozef Stümpel , Slovak ice hockey player
1972 –
Erik Ullenhag , Swedish jurist and politician
1973 –
Omar Epps , American actor
1973 –
Haakon, Crown Prince of Norway
1973 –
Peter Forsberg , Swedish ice hockey player and manager
1973 –
Nixon McLean , Caribbean cricketer
1973 –
Roberto Orci , Mexican-American screenwriter and producer
1973 –
Claudio Reyna , American soccer player
1975 –
Ray Allen , American basketball player and actor
1975 –
Judy Greer , American actress and producer
1975 –
Erik Hagen , Norwegian footballer
1975 –
Birgitta Ohlsson , Swedish journalist and politician, 5th
Swedish Minister for European Union Affairs
1975 –
Jason Raize , American singer and actor (d. 2004)
1975 –
Yusuf Şimşek , Turkish footballer and manager
1976 –
Erica Hill , American journalist
1976 –
Debashish Mohanty , Indian cricketer and coach
1976 –
Andrew Stockdale , Australian singer-songwriter and guitarist
1976 –
Alex Yoong , Malaysian race car driver
1977 –
Kiki Musampa , Congolese footballer
1977 –
Yves Niaré , French shot putter (d. 2012)
1977 –
Alessandro Santos , Brazilian-Japanese footballer
1978 –
Pavel Datsyuk , Russian ice hockey player
1978 –
Will Solomon , American basketball player
1978 –
Elliott Yamin , American singer-songwriter
1978 –
Ieva Zunda , Latvian runner and hurdler
1979 –
Miklós Fehér , Hungarian footballer (d. 2004)
1979 –
Charlotte Hatherley , English singer-songwriter and guitarist
1979 –
David Ortega , Spanish swimmer
[27]
1980 –
Tesfaye Bramble , English-Montserratian footballer
1980 –
Gisele Bündchen , Brazilian model, fashionista, and businesswoman
1981 –
Viktoria Ladõnskaja , Estonian journalist and politician
1982 –
Antoine Vermette , Canadian ice hockey player
[28]
1984 –
Alexi Casilla , Dominican baseball player
1984 –
Matt Gilroy , American ice hockey player
1985 –
John Francis Daley , American actor and screenwriter
1985 –
Harley Morenstein , Canadian actor and YouTube personality
[29]
1985 –
David Mundy , Australian footballer
1986 –
Osric Chau , Canadian actor, director, producer, and screenwriter
1987 –
Nicola Benedetti , Scottish violinist
[30]
1987 –
Niall McGinn , Irish footballer
1988 –
Julianne Hough , American singer-songwriter, actress, and dancer
1988 –
Stephen Strasburg , American baseball player
1988 –
Shahram Mahmoudi , Iranian volleyball player
1989 –
Javier Cortés , Mexican footballer
1989 –
Cristian Pasquato , Italian footballer
1990 –
Lars Unnerstall , German footballer
1991 –
Chiyoshōma Fujio , Mongolian sumo wrestler
1991 –
Ryan James , Australian rugby league player
1991 –
Kira Kazantsev ,
Miss America 2015
1991 –
Philipp Reiter , German mountaineer and runner
1991 –
Tawan Vihokratana , Thai actor, host, and model
[31]
1993 –
Steven Adams , New Zealand basketball player
[32]
1993 –
Nick Cousins , Canadian ice hockey player
[33]
1995 –
Moses Leota , New Zealand rugby league player
[34]
1996 –
Ben Simmons , Australian basketball player
[35]
1999 –
Pop Smoke , American rapper and singer (d. 2020)
Deaths
Pre-1600
518 –
Amantius , Byzantine grand chamberlain and Monophysite martyr
833 –
Ansegisus , Frankish abbot and saint
985 –
Boniface VII , antipope of Rome
[36]
1031 –
Robert II , king of France (b. 972)
1128 –
Al-Ma'mun al-Bata'ihi , Fatimid vizier (b. c. 1086)
[37]
1156 –
Toba , emperor of Japan (b. 1103)
1320 –
Oshin , king of Armenia (b. 1282)
1332 –
Thomas Randolph, 1st Earl of Moray , regent of Scotland
1387 –
Robert IV , French nobleman (b. 1356)
1398 –
Roger Mortimer, 4th Earl of March , Welsh nobleman (b. 1374)
1405 –
Alexander Stewart, Earl of Buchan , fourth son of King
Robert II of Scotland (approximate, b. 1343)
[38]
1453 –
Enguerrand de Monstrelet , French historian and author (b. 1400)
1454 –
John II , king of Castile and León (b. 1405)
1514 –
György Dózsa , Transylvanian peasant revolt leader (b. 1470)
1524 –
Claude , queen consort of France (b. 1499)
1526 –
García Jofre de Loaísa , Spanish explorer (b. 1490)
1600 –
William More , English courtier (b. 1520)
1601–1900
1901–present
1901 –
William Cosmo Monkhouse , English poet and critic (b. 1840)
1903 –
Leo XIII , pope of the Catholic Church (b. 1810)
1908 –
Demetrius Vikelas , Greek businessman and author (b. 1835)
1908 –
Karl Bernhard Zoeppritz , German geophysicist and seismologist (b. 1881)
1910 –
Anderson Dawson , Australian politician, 14th
Premier of Queensland (b. 1863)
1917 –
Ignaz Sowinski , Galician architect (b. 1858)
[40]
1922 –
Andrey Markov , Russian mathematician and theorist (b. 1856)
1923 –
Pancho Villa , Mexican general and politician,
Governor of Chihuahua (b. 1878)
1926 –
Felix Dzerzhinsky , Soviet educator and politician of Belarusian origin (b. 1877)
1927 –
Ferdinand I , king of Romania (b. 1865)
1928 –
Kostas Karyotakis , Greek poet and author (b. 1896)
1932 –
René Bazin , French author and academic (b. 1853)
1937 –
Olga Hahn-Neurath , Austrian mathematician and philosopher from the Vienna Circle (b. 1882)
1937 –
Guglielmo Marconi , Italian physicist and engineer,
Nobel Prize laureate (b. 1874)
1941 –
Lew Fields , American actor and producer (b. 1867)
1944 –
Ludwig Beck , German general (b. 1880)
1944 –
Mildred Harris , American actress (b. 1901)
[41]
1945 –
Paul Valéry , French author and poet (b. 1871)
1951 –
Abdullah I , king of Jordan (b. 1882)
1953 –
Dumarsais Estimé , Haitian lawyer and politician, 33rd
President of Haiti (b. 1900)
1953 –
Jan Struther , English author and hymn-writer (b. 1901)
1955 –
Calouste Gulbenkian , Armenian businessman and philanthropist (b. 1869)
1956 –
James Alexander Calder , Canadian educator and politician,
Canadian Minister of Militia and Defence (b. 1868)
1959 –
William D. Leahy , American admiral and diplomat,
United States Ambassador to France (b. 1875)
1965 –
Batukeshwar Dutt , Indian activist (b. 1910)
1968 –
Bray Hammond , American historian and author (b. 1886)
1970 –
Iain Macleod , English journalist and politician,
Chancellor of the Exchequer (b. 1913)
1972 –
Geeta Dutt , Indian singer and actress (b. 1930)
1973 –
Bruce Lee , American actor and martial artist (b. 1940)
1973 –
Robert Smithson , American photographer and sculptor (b. 1938)
1974 –
Allen Jenkins , American actor and singer (b. 1900)
1974 –
Kamal Dasgupta , Bengali music director, composer and folk artist. (b. 1912)
1976 –
Joseph Rochefort , American captain and cryptanalyst (b. 1900)
1977 –
Gary Kellgren , American record producer, co-founded
Record Plant (b. 1939)
1980 –
Maria Martinez ,
San Ildefonso Pueblo (Native American) potter (b. 1887)
1981 –
Kostas Choumis , Greek-Romanian footballer (b. 1913)
1983 –
Frank Reynolds , American soldier and journalist (b. 1923)
1987 –
Richard Egan , American soldier and actor (b. 1921)
1989 –
Forrest H. Anderson , American judge and politician, 17th
Governor of Montana (b. 1913)
1990 –
Herbert Turner Jenkins , American police officer (b. 1907)
1993 –
Vince Foster , American lawyer and political figure (b. 1945)
1994 –
Paul Delvaux , Belgian painter (b. 1897)
1997 –
M. E. H. Maharoof , Sri Lankan politician (b. 1939)
1998 –
June Byers , American wrestler (b. 1922)
1999 –
Sandra Gould , American actress (b. 1916)
2002 –
Michalis Kritikopoulos , Greek footballer (b. 1946)
2003 –
Nicolas Freeling , English author (b. 1927)
2004 –
Lala Mara , Fijian politician (b. 1931)
2004 –
Valdemaras Martinkėnas , Lithuanian footballer and coach (b. 1965)
2005 –
James Doohan , Canadian-American actor (b. 1920)
2005 –
Finn Gustavsen , Norwegian journalist and politician (b. 1926)
2005 –
Kayo Hatta , American director and cinematographer (b. 1958)
2006 –
Ted Grant , South African-English theorist and activist (b. 1913)
2006 –
Gérard Oury , French actor, director, and producer (b. 1919)
2007 –
Tammy Faye Messner , American Christian evangelist and talk show host (b. 1942)
2008 –
Artie Traum , American guitarist, songwriter, and producer (b. 1943)
2008 –
Dinko Šakić , Croatian concentration camp commander (b. 1921)
[42]
2009 –
Vedat Okyar , Turkish footballer (b. 1945)
2009 –
Mark Rosenzweig , American psychologist and academic (b. 1922)
2011 –
Lucian Freud , German-English painter and illustrator (b. 1922)
2012 –
Alastair Burnet , English journalist (b. 1928)
2012 –
Jack Davis , American hurdler (b. 1930)
2012 –
José Hermano Saraiva , Portuguese historian, jurist, and politician,
Portuguese Minister of Education (b. 1919)
2013 –
Pierre Fabre , French pharmacist and businessman, founded
Laboratoires Pierre Fabre (b. 1926)
2013 –
Khurshed Alam Khan , Indian politician, 2nd
Governor of Goa (b. 1919)
2013 –
Augustus Rowe , Canadian physician and politician (b. 1920)
2013 –
Helen Thomas , American journalist and author (b. 1920)
[43]
2014 –
Victor G. Atiyeh , American businessman and politician, 32nd
Governor of Oregon (b. 1923)
2014 –
Constantin Lucaci , Romanian sculptor and educator (b. 1923)
2014 –
Bob McNamara , American football player (b. 1931)
2014 –
Klaus Schmidt , German archaeologist and academic (b. 1953)
2015 –
Wayne Carson , American singer-songwriter and producer (b. 1943)
2015 –
Fred Else , English footballer and manager (b. 1933)
2015 –
Dieter Moebius , Swiss-German keyboard player and producer (b. 1944)
2016 –
Radu Beligan , Romanian actor, director, and essayist (b. 1918)
2017 –
Chester Bennington , American singer (b. 1976)
2020 –
Michael Brooks , political commentator (b. 1983)
[44]
Holidays and observances
References
^ A.H. Virkkunen (1953). Oulun kaupungin historia I (in Finnish). Kirjola Oy. pp. 130–131.
^ Aimo Halila (1953). Oulun kaupungin historia II (in Finnish). Kirjola Oy. p. 71.
^ Chasiotis, Ioannis (1975). "Η κάμψη της Οθωμανικής δυνάμεως" [The decline of Ottoman power]. Ιστορία του Ελληνικού Έθνους, Τόμος ΙΑ′: Ο ελληνισμός υπό ξένη κυριαρχία, 1669–1821 [History of the Greek Nation, Volume XI: Hellenism under foreign rule, 1669–1821 ] (in Greek). Athens: Ekdotiki Athinon. pp. 8–51.
^
H. Weld Blundell , The Royal chronicle of Abyssinia, 1769–1840 (Cambridge: University Press, 1922), p. 334
^
"Treaty with the Senecas, Shawnees and Wyandots (1831) - Ohio History Central" . www.ohiohistorycentral.org . Retrieved 2018-11-04 .
^ Kananen, Anitta (March 2006).
"Suomi valitsi maailman ensimmäiset naiskansanedustajat" (in Finnish).
University of Jyväskylä . Archived from
the original on 2013-12-03. Retrieved July 15, 2021 .
^ Futrell, Robert F. (1997), The United States Air Force in Korea, 1950–1953 ,
Washington, D.C. :
United States Government Printing Office , p. 101,
ISBN
978-0-16-048879-5
^ Lang, Kenneth R. (3 March 2011).
The Cambridge Guide to the Solar System . Cambridge University Press. p. 255.
ISBN
978-1-139-49417-5 .
^ Ranter, Harro.
"Aircraft accident Fokker F-27 Friendship 600RF 6O-SAY Balad Plane crash claims 49 in Somalia" . aviation-safety.net .
Aviation Safety Network . Retrieved 2021-04-26 .
^
"More Kurdish Cities Liberated As Syrian Army Withdraws from Area" . Rudaw . 20 July 2012. Archived from
the original on 21 July 2012. Retrieved 27 July 2012 .
^ Lister, Charles R. (2015).
The Syrian Jihad: Al-Qaeda, the Islamic State and the Evolution of an Insurgency .
Oxford :
Oxford University Press . pp. 96–97.
ISBN
9780190462475 .
^
"Jeff Bezos blasts into space on own rocket: 'Best day ever!' " .
Associated Press . 20 July 2021.
^
"Innocent IX | pope" . Encyclopedia Britannica . Retrieved 24 January 2021 .
^
"No. 25305" .
The London Gazette . 4 January 1884. p. 78.
^ Markham, A. H. (1917).
"Childhood and school-days" . The Life of Sir Clements R. Markham, K.C.B., F.R.S . London: John Murray. He was the son of William Markham, of Becca Hall, Aberford, and the grandson of Dr. William Markham, who was Archbishop of York from 1777 to 1807.
^ Boulouque, Sylvain (2001).
"Ida Gilman, dite Mett, médecin et anarchiste (Smorgone, Russie, 20 juillet 1901 – Paris, 27 juin 1973)" [Ida Gilman, known as Mett, doctor and anarchist (Smorgon, Russia, 20 July 1901 - Paris, 27 June 1973)]. Archives Juives (in French). 34 (2): 126–127.
doi :
10.3917/aj.342.0126 .
ISSN
0003-9837 .
OCLC
710968410 .
^ McFadden, Robert D. (22 December 2021).
"Sally Ann Howes, Star of 'Chitty Chitty Bang Bang,' Dies at 91" . The New York Times . Retrieved 22 December 2021 .
^
Ranade, Sadashiv (1974). "मांगदरी घराणा" [The House of Mangdari].
चितपावन कौशिक गोत्री आगाशे कुलवृत्तांत [Genealogy of the Chitpavan Agashe Family belonging to the Kaushik Gotra ] (
Kulavruttanta ) (in Marathi). Pustake miḷaṇyāce ṭhikāṇa. p. 61.
LCCN
74903020 .
OCLC
20388396 – via
University of Michigan .
^ Agashe, Trupti; Agashe, Gopal. (2006). "मांगदरी घराणा" [The House of Mangdari]. In Wad, Mugdha (ed.).
आगाशे कुलवृत्तांत [Genealogy of the Agashe Family ] (
Kulavruttanta ) (in Marathi) (2nd ed.).
Hyderabad : Surbhi Graphics. p. 62.
ISBN
978-1-5323-4500-5 – via
Google Books .
^
"Obituary: Dame Diana Rigg" . BBC News . 10 September 2020. Retrieved 10 September 2020 .
^
"Judy Chicago" . Britannica Presents 100 Women Trailblazers . 26 February 2020. Retrieved 26 July 2021 .
^
Library of Congress Name Authority File
^
"Lucille LEMAY - Olympic Archery | Canada" . International Olympic Committee . 15 June 2016. Retrieved 10 January 2020 .
^ Fausset, Richard (29 June 2009).
"Billy Mays dies at 50; boisterous TV pitchman" .
Los Angeles Times . Retrieved 12 July 2022 .
^
"How old is Strictly professional Anton du Beke and how long has he been on the show?" . Heart Radio . 22 September 2019. Retrieved 11 October 2022 .
^
"Enrique Peña Nieto" (in Spanish). Busca Biografias. Retrieved May 30, 2019 .
^
"Olympedia – David Ortega" . www.olympedia.org . Retrieved 24 January 2021 .
^
"Antoine Vermette Stats and News" . NHL.com . Retrieved 24 January 2021 .
^
Harley Morenstein (2016-07-20).
MY BIRTHDAY VLOG!!! (YouTube video).
Archived from the original on 2021-11-18. Retrieved 2020-02-29 . What's up, guys, July 20th, so it's my birthday, uh, I'm now 31 years old.
^
"Benedetti is youngest new entry in Who's Who book" . www.scotsman.com . 2 December 2013. Retrieved 28 April 2020 .
^
"ประวัติ "เต ตะวัน" หนุ่มรักการถ่ายภาพ เด็กกิจกรรมจากรั้วจุฬาฯ" (in Thai).
Sanook.com . 19 July 2021. Retrieved 21 July 2021 .
^
"10 Things to Know about Steven Adams" . www.penguin.co.nz . Retrieved 28 April 2020 .
^
"Nick Cousins Stat and News" . National Hockey League . Retrieved 19 July 2021 .
^
"Moses Leota" . National Rugby League . Retrieved 28 April 2020 .
^
"Ben Simmons hears the talk, but his process is not a public experiment" . ESPN.com . 21 April 2020. Retrieved 28 April 2020 .
^
"Boniface VII" . Oxford Reference . Retrieved 2 January 2022 .
^
Halm, Heinz (2014).
Kalifen und Assassinen: Ägypten und der vordere Orient zur Zeit der ersten Kreuzzüge, 1074–1171 [Caliphs and Assassins: Egypt and the Near East at the Time of the First Crusades, 1074–1171 ] (in German). Munich: C. H. Beck. p. 165.
doi :
10.17104/9783406661648-1 .
ISBN
978-3-406-66163-1 .
^ Grant, Alexander. "Stewart, Alexander, first earl of Buchan (c. 1345 – 1405)".
Oxford Dictionary of National Biography (online ed.). Oxford University Press.
doi :
10.1093/ref:odnb/26451 . (Subscription or
UK public library membership required.)
^ Shattock, Joanne (1993). The Oxford Guide to British Women Writers . Oxford: Oxford University Press. p. 225.
ISBN
978-0-19214-176-7 .
^
"Ignaz Stanislaus Sowinski" (in German).
Architekturzentrum Wien . Retrieved Nov 30, 2020 .
^
"Mildred Harris Dies In West" .
St. Petersburg Times . Associated Press. July 21, 1944. Retrieved 2021-11-29 . ... actress in the silent film days, and first wife of Comedian Charles Spencer Chaplin, died yesterday of pneumonia which followed a major abdominal operation....
^ Martin, Douglas (23 July 2008).
"Dinko Sakic, Who Led WWII Death Camp, Dies at 86" . The New York Times .
^
"Helen Thomas Fast Facts" . CNN . 5 May 2017. Retrieved 31 July 2020 .
^
Sunkara, Bhaskar (July 20, 2020).
"Remembering Our Friend and Comrade Michael Brooks" .
Jacobin . Retrieved July 20, 2020 .
External links
Wikimedia Commons has media related to
July 20 .