From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Day of the year
February 19 is the 50th day of the year in the
Gregorian calendar ; 315 days remain until the end of the year (316 in
leap years ).
Events
Pre-1600
1601–1900
1901–present
1913 –
Pedro Lascuráin becomes
President of Mexico for 45 minutes; this is the shortest term to date of any person as president of any country.
1915 –
World War I : The
first naval attack on the
Dardanelles begins when a strong Anglo-French task force bombards Ottoman artillery along the coast of
Gallipoli .
1937 –
Yekatit 12 : During a public ceremony at the Viceregal Palace (the former Imperial residence) in
Addis Ababa ,
Ethiopia , two Ethiopian nationalists of
Eritrean origin attempt to kill viceroy
Rodolfo Graziani with a number of grenades.
1942 –
World War II : Nearly 250 Japanese warplanes
attack the northern Australian city of
Darwin , killing 243 people.
1942 – World War II: United States President
Franklin D. Roosevelt signs
executive order 9066 , allowing the United States military to relocate
Japanese Americans to
internment camps .
1943 – World War II:
Battle of Kasserine Pass in
Tunisia begins.
1945 – World War II:
Battle of Iwo Jima : About 30,000
United States Marines land on the island of
Iwo Jima .
1948 – The
Conference of Youth and Students of Southeast Asia Fighting for Freedom and Independence convenes in
Calcutta .
1949 –
Ezra Pound is awarded the first
Bollingen Prize in poetry by the
Bollingen Foundation and
Yale University .
1953 –
Book censorship in the United States : The Georgia Literature Commission is established.
[8]
1954 –
Transfer of Crimea : The
Soviet Politburo of the Soviet Union orders the transfer of the
Crimean Oblast from the
Russian SFSR to the
Ukrainian SSR .
1959 – The United Kingdom grants
Cyprus independence, which is formally proclaimed on August 16, 1960.
1960 – China successfully launches the
T-7 , its first
sounding rocket .
1963 – The publication of
Betty Friedan 's
The Feminine Mystique reawakens the
feminist movement in the United States as women's organizations and
consciousness raising groups spread.
1965 – Colonel
Phạm Ngọc Thảo of the
Army of the Republic of Vietnam , and a communist spy of the
North Vietnamese
Viet Minh , along with Generals
Lâm Văn Phát and
Trần Thiện Khiêm , all Catholics,
attempt a coup against the military
junta of the Buddhist
Nguyễn Khánh .
1976 –
Executive Order 9066 , which led to the relocation of Japanese Americans to internment camps, is rescinded by President
Gerald Ford 's Proclamation 4417.
1978 –
Egyptian forces raid Larnaca International Airport in an attempt to intervene in a hijacking, without authorisation from the
Republic of Cyprus authorities. The
Cypriot National Guard and Police forces kill 15 Egyptian commandos and destroy the Egyptian
C-130 transport plane in open combat.
1985 –
William J. Schroeder becomes the first recipient of an
artificial heart to leave the hospital.
1985 – A
Boeing 727 operating as
Iberia Flight 610 crashes
Mount Oiz in Spain, killing 148; it is the deadliest accident to occur in
Iberia 's history and the deadliest in
Basque County to occur.
1986 –
Akkaraipattu massacre : the
Sri Lankan Army massacres 80
Tamil farm workers in eastern
Sri Lanka .
1989 –
Flying Tiger Line flight 66 crashes into a hill near
Sultan Abdul Aziz Shah Airport in
Malaysia , killing four.
[9]
2002 –
NASA 's
Mars Odyssey
space probe begins to map the surface of
Mars using its thermal emission imaging system.
2003 – An
Ilyushin Il-76 military aircraft
crashes near
Kerman ,
Iran , killing 275.
2006 – A
methane explosion in a
coal mine near
Nueva Rosita , Mexico,
kills 65 miners .
2011 – The debut exhibition of the
Belitung shipwreck , containing the largest collection of
Tang dynasty artifacts found in one location, begins in
Singapore .
2012 – Forty-four people are killed in a prison
brawl in
Apodaca, Nuevo León , Mexico.
2021 –
Mya Thwe Thwe Khine , a 19-year-old protester, becomes the first known casualty of
anti-coup protests that formed in response to the
2021 Myanmar coup d'état .
[10]
Births
Pre-1600
1601–1900
1611 –
Andries de Graeff , Dutch politician (d. 1678)
1630 –
Shivaji , Indian warrior-king and the founder of
Maratha Empire (d. 1680)
[11]
1660 –
Friedrich Hoffmann , German physician and chemist (d. 1742)
1717 –
David Garrick , English actor, playwright, and producer (d. 1779)
1743 –
Luigi Boccherini , Italian cellist and composer (d. 1805)
1798 –
Allan MacNab , Canadian soldier, lawyer, and politician,
Premier of Canada West (d. 1862)
1800 –
Émilie Gamelin , Canadian nun and social worker, founded the
Sisters of Providence (d. 1851)
[12]
1804 –
Carl von Rokitansky , German physician, pathologist, and philosopher (d. 1878)
1821 –
August Schleicher , German linguist and academic (d. 1868)
1833 –
Élie Ducommun , Swiss journalist and activist,
Nobel Prize laureate (d. 1906)
1838 –
Lydia Thompson , British burlesque performer (d. 1908)
[13]
1841 –
Elfrida Andrée , Swedish organist, composer, and conductor (d. 1929)
[14]
1855 –
Nishinoumi Kajirō I , Japanese sumo wrestler, the 16th
Yokozuna (d. 1908)
1859 –
Svante Arrhenius , Swedish physicist and chemist,
Nobel Prize laureate (d. 1927)
1865 –
Sven Hedin , Swedish geographer and explorer (d. 1952)
1869 –
Hovhannes Tumanyan , Armenian-Russian poet and author (d. 1923)
1872 –
Johan Pitka , Estonian admiral (d. 1944)
1876 –
Constantin Brâncuși , Romanian-French sculptor, painter, and photographer (d. 1957)
1877 –
Gabriele Münter , German painter (d. 1962)
[15]
1878 –
Harriet Bosse , Swedish–Norwegian actress (d. 1961)
1880 –
Álvaro Obregón , Mexican general and politician, 39th
President of Mexico (d. 1928)
1886 –
José Abad Santos , Filipino lawyer and jurist, 5th
Chief Justice of the Supreme Court of the Philippines (d. 1942)
1888 –
José Eustasio Rivera , Colombian lawyer and poet (d. 1928)
1893 –
Cedric Hardwicke , English actor and director (d. 1964)
1895 –
Louis Calhern , American actor (d. 1956)
1896 –
André Breton , French poet and author (d. 1966)
1897 –
Alma Rubens , American actress (d. 1931)
1899 –
Lucio Fontana , Argentinian-Italian painter and sculptor (d. 1968)
1901–present
1902 –
Kay Boyle , American novelist, short story writer, and educator (d. 1992)
1904 –
Havank , Dutch journalist and author (d. 1964)
1911 –
Merle Oberon , Indian-American actress (d. 1979)
[16]
1912 –
Saul Chaplin , American composer (d. 1997)
1912 –
Dorothy Janis , American actress (d. 2010)
1913 –
Prince Pedro Gastão of Orléans-Braganza (d. 2007)
1913 –
Frank Tashlin , American animator and screenwriter (d. 1972)
1914 –
Thelma Kench , New Zealand Olympic sprinter (d. 1985)
1915 –
Dick Emery , English actor and comedian (d. 1983)
[17]
1915 –
John Freeman , English lawyer, politician, and diplomat,
British Ambassador to the United States (d. 2014)
1916 –
Eddie Arcaro , American jockey and sportscaster (d. 1997)
1917 –
Carson McCullers , American novelist, short story writer, playwright, and essayist (d. 1967)
[16]
1918 –
Fay McKenzie , American actress (d. 2019)
1920 –
C. Z. Guest , American actress, fashion designer, and author (d. 2003)
1920 –
Jaan Kross , Estonian author and poet (d. 2007)
1920 –
George Rose , English actor and singer (d. 1988)
1922 –
Władysław Bartoszewski , Polish journalist and politician,
Polish Minister of Foreign Affairs (d. 2015)
1924 –
David Bronstein , Ukrainian chess player and theoretician (d. 2006)
1924 –
Lee Marvin , American actor (d. 1987)
[16]
1926 –
György Kurtág , Hungarian composer and academic
1927 –
Philippe Boiry , French journalist (d. 2014)
1929 –
Jacques Deray , French director and screenwriter (d. 2003)
1930 –
John Frankenheimer , American director and producer (d. 2002)
[16]
1930 –
K. Viswanath , Indian actor, director, and screenwriter (d. 2023)
[18]
1932 –
Joseph P. Kerwin , American captain, physician, and astronaut
1935 –
Chung-Yun Hse , Wood scientist (d. 2021)
[19]
1935 –
Dave Niehaus , American sportscaster (d. 2010)
1935 –
Russ Nixon , American MLB catcher and coach (d. 2016)
1936 –
Sam Myers , American singer-songwriter (d. 2006)
1936 –
Frederick Seidel , American poet
1937 –
Terry Carr , American author and educator (d. 1987)
1937 –
Norm O'Neill , Australian cricketer and sportscaster (d. 2008)
1938 –
Choekyi Gyaltsen, 10th Panchen Lama (d. 1989)
1939 –
Erin Pizzey , English activist and author, founded
Refuge
[20]
1940 –
Saparmurat Niyazov , Turkmen engineer and politician, 1st
President of Turkmenistan (d. 2006)
1940 –
Smokey Robinson , American singer-songwriter and producer
[21]
1940 –
Bobby Rogers , American singer-songwriter (d. 2013)
1941 –
David Gross , American physicist and academic,
Nobel Prize laureate
1941 –
Jenny Tonge, Baroness Tonge , English politician
1942 –
Cyrus Chothia , English biochemist and emeritus scientist at the
Laboratory of Molecular Biology (d. 2019)
1942 –
Paul Krause , American football player and politician
1942 –
Will Provine , American biologist, historian, and academic (d. 2015)
1942 –
Howard Stringer , Welsh businessman
1943 –
Lou Christie , American singer-songwriter
[21]
1943 –
Homer Hickam , American author and engineer
1943 –
Tim Hunt , English biochemist and academic,
Nobel laureate
1944 –
Les Hinton , English-American journalist and businessman
1945 –
Yuri Antonov , Uzbek-Russian singer-songwriter
1946 –
Paul Dean , Canadian guitarist
1946 –
Peter Hudson , Australian footballer and coach
1946 –
Karen Silkwood , American technician and activist (d. 1974)
1947 –
Jackie Curtis , American actress and playwright (d. 1985)
1947 –
Tim Shadbolt , New Zealand businessman and politician, 42nd
Mayor of Invercargill
1948 –
Mark Andes , American singer-songwriter and bass player
1948 –
Pim Fortuyn , Dutch sociologist, academic, and politician (d. 2002)
1948 –
Tony Iommi , English guitarist and songwriter
[21]
1949 –
Danielle Bunten Berry , American game designer and programmer (d. 1998)
1949 –
Eddie Hardin , English singer-songwriter and pianist (d. 2015)
1949 –
Barry Lloyd , English footballer and manager
[22]
1949 –
William Messner-Loebs , American author and illustrator
1950 –
Juice Leskinen , Finnish singer-songwriter (d. 2006)
1950 –
Andy Powell , English singer-songwriter and guitarist
1951 –
Muhammad Tahir-ul-Qadri , Pakistani scholar and politician, founder of
Minhaj-ul-Quran
1952 –
Ryū Murakami , Japanese novelist and filmmaker
1952 –
Rodolfo Neri Vela , Mexican engineer and astronaut
1952 –
Amy Tan , American novelist, essayist, and short story writer
[21]
1952 –
Danilo Türk , Slovene academic and politician, 3rd
President of Slovenia
1953 –
Corrado Barazzutti , Italian tennis player
1953 –
Cristina Fernández de Kirchner , Argentine lawyer and politician,
President of Argentina and
Vice President of Argentina
[23]
1953 –
Massimo Troisi , Italian actor, director, and screenwriter (d. 1994)
1954 –
Francis Buchholz , German bass player
1954 –
Michael Gira , American singer-songwriter, guitarist, and producer
1954 –
Sócrates , Brazilian footballer and manager (d. 2011)
1955 –
Jeff Daniels , American actor and playwright
[21]
1956 –
Kathleen Beller , American actress
1956 –
Peter Holsapple , American singer-songwriter and guitarist
1956 –
Roderick MacKinnon , American biologist and academic,
Nobel Prize laureate
1956 –
Dave Wakeling , English singer-songwriter and guitarist
[21]
1957 –
Falco , Austrian singer-songwriter, rapper, and musician (d. 1998)
1957 –
Dave Stewart , American baseball player, coach, and executive
1957 –
Ray Winstone , English actor
1958 –
Leslie David Baker , American actor
[21]
1958 –
Helen Fielding , English author and screenwriter
1958 –
Steve Nieve , English keyboard player and composer
1959 –
Roger Goodell , American businessman, 6th
National Football League Commissioner
[16]
1960 –
Prince Andrew, Duke of York
[16]
1960 –
John Paul Jr. , American race car driver (d. 2020)
1961 –
Justin Fashanu , English footballer (d. 1998)
1961 –
Ernie Gonzalez , American golfer (d. 2020)
1962 –
Hana Mandlíková , Czech-Australian tennis player and coach
1963 –
Seal , English singer-songwriter
[21]
1963 –
Jessica Tuck , American actress
[21]
1964 –
Doug Aldrich , American singer-songwriter and guitarist
1964 –
Jennifer Doudna , American biochemist
[24]
1964 –
Jonathan Lethem , American novelist, essayist, and short story writer
1965 –
Jon Fishman , American drummer
[21]
1965 –
Clark Hunt , American businessman
1965 –
Leroy , American singer-songwriter, guitarist, and producer
1966 –
Justine Bateman , American actress and producer
[21]
1966 –
Paul Haarhuis , Dutch tennis player and coach
1966 –
Eduardo Xol , American designer and author
1967 –
Benicio del Toro , Puerto Rican actor, director, and producer
[21]
1968 –
Prince Markie Dee , American rapper and actor (d. 2021)
1968 –
Frank Watkins , American bass player (d. 2015)
1969 –
Burton C. Bell , American singer-songwriter and guitarist
1969 –
Helena Guergis , Canadian businesswoman and politician
1970 –
Joacim Cans , Swedish singer-songwriter
1970 –
Bellamy Young , American actress
[21]
1971 –
Miguel Batista , Dominican baseball player and poet
1971 –
Richard Green , Australian golfer
1971 –
Jeff Kinney , American author and illustrator
1972 –
Francine Fournier , American wrestler and manager
1972 –
Sunset Thomas , American pornographic actress
1973 –
Eric Lange , American actor
[16]
1975 –
Daniel Adair , Canadian drummer and producer
[21]
1975 –
Daewon Song , South Korean-American skateboarder, co-founded
Almost Skateboards
1977 –
Ola Salo , Swedish singer-songwriter and keyboard player
1977 –
Andrew Ross Sorkin , American journalist and author
1977 –
Gianluca Zambrotta , Italian footballer and manager
1978 –
Ben Gummer , English scholar and politician
1978 –
Immortal Technique , Peruvian-American rapper
1979 –
Steve Cherundolo , American soccer player and manager
1980 –
Dwight Freeney , American football player
1980 –
Ma Lin , Chinese table tennis player
1980 –
Mike Miller , American basketball player
1981 –
Beth Ditto , American singer
1981 –
Shawn Spears , Canadian wrestler
[25]
1983 –
Kotoōshū Katsunori , Bulgarian sumo wrestler
1983 –
Mika Nakashima , Japanese singer and actress
1983 –
Reynhard Sinaga , Indonesian sex offender
[26]
1983 –
Ryan Whitney , American ice hockey player
1983 –
Jawad Williams , American basketball player
[27]
1984 –
Chris Richardson , American singer-songwriter
1985 –
Haylie Duff , American actress and singer
[21]
1985 –
Arielle Kebbel , American actress and model
[21]
1985 –
Kosta Perović , Serbian basketball player
[28]
1986 –
Kyle Chipchura , Canadian ice hockey player
1986 –
Linus Klasen , Swedish ice hockey player
[29]
1986 –
Marta , Brazilian footballer
1986 –
Maria Mena , Norwegian singer-songwriter
1987 –
Anna Cappellini , Italian ice dancer
1987 –
Josh Reddick , American baseball player
[30]
1988 –
Shawn Matthias , Canadian ice hockey player
1988 –
Seth Morrison , American guitarist
[21]
1989 –
Sone Aluko , English-Nigerian footballer
[31]
1991 –
Trevor Bayne , American race car driver
1991 –
Christoph Kramer , German footballer
1991 –
Adreian Payne , American basketball player (d. 2022)
[32]
1992 –
Camille Kostek , American model
1993 –
Mauro Icardi , Argentine footballer
1993 –
Victoria Justice , American actress and singer
[21]
1994 –
Tiina Trutsi , Estonian footballer
[33]
1995 –
Nikola Jokić , Serbian basketball player
[34]
1996 –
Mabel , British-Swedish singer
[35]
1996 –
D. J. Wilson , American basketball player
[36]
1998 –
Katharina Gerlach , German tennis player
[37]
2001 –
Lee Kang-in , South Korean footballer
[38]
2001 –
David Mazouz , American actor
[39]
2003 –
Jakub Ojrzyński , Polish footballer
[40]
2004 –
Millie Bobby Brown , English actress, model and producer
[41]
Deaths
Pre-1600
197 –
Clodius Albinus ,
Roman usurper (b. 150)
446 –
Leontius of Trier , Bishop of
Trier
1133 –
Irene Doukaina , Byzantine wife of
Alexios I Komnenos (b. 1066)
1275 –
Lal Shahbaz Qalandar ,
Sufi philosopher and poet (b. 1177)
1300 –
Munio of Zamora , General of the Dominican Order
1408 –
Thomas Bardolf, 5th Baron Bardolf , English rebel
1414 –
Thomas Arundel ,
Archbishop of Canterbury (b. 1353)
1445 –
Eleanor of Aragon , queen of
Portugal (b. 1402)
1491 –
Enno I, Count of East Frisia , German noble (b. 1460)
1553 –
Erasmus Reinhold , German astronomer and mathematician (b. 1511)
1601–1900
1602 –
Philippe Emmanuel, Duke of Mercœur (b. 1558)
1605 –
Orazio Vecchi , Italian composer (b. 1550)
1622 –
Henry Savile , English scholar and politician (b. 1549)
1672 –
Charles Chauncy , English-American minister, theologian, and academic (b. 1592)
1709 –
Tokugawa Tsunayoshi , Japanese shōgun (b. 1646)
1716 –
Dorothe Engelbretsdatter , Norwegian author and poet (b. 1634)
[42]
1785 –
Mary, Countess of Harold , English aristocrat and philanthropist (b. 1701)
[43]
1789 –
Nicholas Van Dyke , American lawyer and politician, 7th
Governor of Delaware (b. 1738)
1799 –
Jean-Charles de Borda , French mathematician, physicist, and sailor (b. 1733)
1806 –
Elizabeth Carter , English poet and translator (b. 1717)
[44]
1837 –
Georg Büchner , German-Swiss poet and playwright (b. 1813)
1837 –
Thomas Burgess , English bishop and philosopher (b. 1756)
1887 –
Multatuli , Dutch-German author and civil servant (b. 1820)
1897 –
Karl Weierstrass , German mathematician and academic (b. 1815)
1901–present
1915 –
Gopal Krishna Gokhale , Indian philosopher and politician (b. 1866)
1916 –
Ernst Mach , Austrian-Czech physicist and philosopher (b. 1838)
1927 –
Robert Fuchs , Austrian composer and educator (b. 1847)
1928 –
George Howard Earle Jr. , American lawyer and businessman (b. 1856)
1936 –
Billy Mitchell , American general and pilot (b. 1879)
1945 –
John Basilone , American sergeant,
Medal of Honor recipient (b. 1916)
1951 –
André Gide , French novelist, essayist, and dramatist,
Nobel Prize laureate (b. 1869)
1952 –
Knut Hamsun , Norwegian novelist, poet, and playwright,
Nobel Prize laureate (b. 1859)
1953 –
Richard Rushall , British businessman (b. 1864)
1957 –
Maurice Garin , Italian-French cyclist (b. 1871)
1959 –
Willard Miller , American sailor,
Medal of Honor recipient (b. 1877)
1962 –
Georgios Papanikolaou , Greek-American pathologist, invented the
Pap smear (b. 1883)
1969 –
Madge Blake , American actress (b. 1899)
1970 –
Ralph Edward Flanders , US Senator from Vermont (b. 1890)
[45]
1972 –
John Grierson , Scottish director and producer (b. 1898)
1972 –
Lee Morgan , American trumpet player and composer (b. 1938)
1973 –
Joseph Szigeti , Hungarian violinist (b. 1892)
1977 –
Anthony Crosland , English author and politician,
Secretary of State for Foreign and Commonwealth Affairs (b. 1918)
1977 –
Mike González , Cuban baseball player, coach, and manager (b. 1890)
1980 –
Bon Scott , Scottish-Australian singer-songwriter (b. 1946)
1983 –
Alice White , American actress (b. 1904)
1988 –
André Frédéric Cournand , French-American physician and physiologist,
Nobel Prize laureate (b. 1895)
1992 –
Tojo Yamamoto , American wrestler and manager (b. 1927)
1994 –
Derek Jarman , English director and set designer (b. 1942)
1996 –
Charlie Finley , American businessman (b. 1918)
1997 –
Leo Rosten , Polish-American author and academic (b. 1908)
1997 –
Deng Xiaoping , Chinese politician, 1st
Vice Premier of the People's Republic of China (b. 1904)
1998 –
Grandpa Jones , American singer-songwriter and banjo player (b. 1913)
1999 –
Mohammad Mohammad Sadeq al-Sadr , Iraqi cleric (b. 1943)
2000 –
Friedensreich Hundertwasser , Austrian-New Zealand painter and illustrator (b. 1928)
2001 –
Stanley Kramer , American director and producer (b. 1913)
2001 –
Charles Trenet , French singer-songwriter (b. 1913)
2002 –
Sylvia Rivera , American transgender LGBT activist (b. 1951)
2003 –
Johnny Paycheck , American singer-songwriter and guitarist (b. 1938)
2007 –
Janet Blair , American actress and singer (b. 1921)
2007 –
Celia Franca , English-Canadian dancer and director, founded the
National Ballet of Canada (b. 1921)
2008 –
Yegor Letov , Russian singer-songwriter (b. 1964)
2008 –
Lydia Shum , Chinese-Hong Kong actress and singer (b. 1945)
2009 –
Kelly Groucutt , English singer and bass player (b. 1945)
2011 –
Ollie Matson , American sprinter and football player (b. 1930)
2012 –
Ruth Barcan Marcus , American philosopher and logician (b. 1921)
2012 –
Jaroslav Velinský , Czech author and songwriter (b. 1932)
2012 –
Vitaly Vorotnikov , Russian politician, 27th
Prime Minister of Russia (b. 1926)
2013 –
Armen Alchian , American economist and academic (b. 1914)
2013 –
Park Chul-soo , South Korean director, producer, and screenwriter (b. 1948)
2013 –
Robert Coleman Richardson , American physicist and academic,
Nobel Prize laureate (b. 1937)
2013 –
Donald Richie , American-Japanese author and critic (b. 1924)
2013 –
Eugene Whelan , Canadian farmer and politician, 22nd
Canadian Minister of Agriculture (b. 1924)
2014 –
Kresten Bjerre , Danish footballer and manager (b. 1946)
2014 –
Dale Gardner , American captain and astronaut (b. 1948)
2014 –
Valeri Kubasov , Russian engineer and astronaut (b. 1935)
2015 –
Harold Johnson , American boxer (b. 1928)
2015 –
Nirad Mohapatra , Indian director, producer, and screenwriter (b. 1947)
2015 –
Harris Wittels , American actor, producer, and screenwriter (b. 1984)
2016 –
Umberto Eco , Italian novelist, literary critic, and philosopher (b. 1932)
2016 –
Harper Lee , American author (b. 1926)
[46]
2016 –
Chiaki Morosawa , Japanese anime screenwriter (b. 1959)
2016 –
Samuel Willenberg , Polish-Israeli sculptor and painter (b. 1923)
2017 –
Larry Coryell , American jazz guitarist (b. 1943)
2019 –
Karl Lagerfeld , German fashion designer (b. 1933)
[47]
2020 –
José Mojica Marins , Brazilian filmmaker, actor, composer, screenwriter, and television horror host (b. 1936)
[48]
2020 –
Pop Smoke , American rapper (b. 1999)
[49]
Holidays and observances
References
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ISSN
0018-2311 .
JSTOR
4435642 .
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doi :
10.1007/s004450000105 .
ISSN
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S2CID
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^ Marley, David (1998).
Wars of the Americas: A Chronology of Armed Conflict in the New World, 1492 to the Present . ABC-CLIO. p. 133.
ISBN
978-0-87436-837-6 .
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^
Treaty of Westminster .
Archived from the original on 2021-09-15. Retrieved 2021-09-15 .
^
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^
"Letters Patent | SA History Hub" . sahistoryhub.history.sa.gov.au . [
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^ Ludlum, David M. (1 April 1975).
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1975Weawi..28b..84L .
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10.1080/00431672.1975.9931742 .
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0043-1672 .
^
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^ Ranter, Harro.
"ASN Aircraft accident Boeing 747-249F N807FT Kuala Lumpur Subang International Airport (KUL)" . aviation-safety.net .
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^
" 'It was her spirit': Myanmar teen shot by police was determined to protest coup" . Reuters . 2021-02-10. Retrieved 2021-02-16 .
^ Karandikar, Shivaram Laxman (1969). The Rise and Fall of the Maratha Power, Volume 1 . Poona: Sitabai Shivram Karandikar. p. xiii.
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102794 .
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External links