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This article is about the year 1788. For the musician, see
1788-L .
Calendar year
Wikimedia Commons has media related to
1788 .
February 7 : The
Colony of New South Wales is established.
March 21 : The
Great New Orleans Fire leaves most of the town in ruins
1788 (
MDCCLXXXVIII ) was a
leap year starting on Tuesday of the
Gregorian calendar and a
leap year starting on Saturday of the
Julian calendar , the 1788th year of the
Common Era (CE) and
Anno Domini (AD) designations, the 788th year of the
2nd millennium , the 88th year of the
18th century , and the 9th year of the
1780s decade. As of the start of 1788, the Gregorian calendar was 11 days ahead of the Julian calendar, which remained in localized use until 1923.
Calendar year
Events
January–March
January 1 – The first edition of
The Times , previously The Daily Universal Register , is published in
London .
[1]
January 2 –
Georgia ratifies the
United States Constitution , and becomes the fourth
U.S. state under the new government.
January 9 –
Connecticut ratifies the
United States Constitution , and becomes the fifth
U.S. state .
January 18 – The leading ship (armed tender
HMS Supply ) in Captain
Arthur Phillip 's
First Fleet arrives at
Botany Bay , to colonise Australia.
January 22 – The
Congress of the Confederation , effectively a
caretaker government until the United States Constitution can be ratified by at least nine of the 13 states, elects
Cyrus Griffin as its last
president .
[2]
January 24 – The
La Perouse expedition in the
Astrolabe and
Boussole arrives off
Botany Bay , just as Captain
Arthur Phillip is attempting to move his colony from there to
Sydney Cove in
Port Jackson .
January 26 –
Australia Day : Eleven ships of the
First Fleet from
Botany Bay , led by Captain
Arthur Phillip , land at
Sydney Cove (which will become Sydney), Australia, where he determines to establish the British prison colony of
New South Wales , the first permanent European settlement on the continent.
January 31 –
Henry Benedict Stuart becomes the new Stuart claimant to the throne of Great Britain, as King Henry IX and the figurehead of
Jacobitism .
February 1 –
Isaac Briggs and
William Longstreet patent a
steamboat .
February 6 –
Massachusetts ratifies the
United States Constitution , and becomes the sixth
U.S. state .
February 7 – Sydney is named and founded, by the British Colony of New South Wales.
February 9 –
Austria enters the
Russo-Turkish War (1787–92) , and attacks
Moldavia .
February 17 – The uninhabited
Lord Howe Island is discovered by the brig
HMS Supply , commanded by
Lieutenant Ball , who is on his way from
Botany Bay to
Norfolk Island with convicts to start a penal settlement there. They arrive at Norfolk Island on
March 6 .
March 10 – The
La Perouse expedition leaves
Sydney Cove for
New Caledonia , never to be seen again.
March 14 – The
Edinburgh Evening Courant carries a notice of £200 reward for the capture of
William Brodie , a town councilor doubling as a burglar.
March 21 – The
Great New Orleans Fire kills 25% of the population and destroys 856 buildings, including
St. Louis Cathedral and
The Cabildo , leaving most of the town in ruins.
April–June
April 7 –
American pioneers establish the town of
Marietta (in modern-day
Ohio ), the first permanent American settlement outside the original
Thirteen Colonies .
April 13 – America's first recorded riot, the '
Doctors' Mob ', begins. Residents of Manhattan are angry about grave robbers stealing bodies for doctors to dissect. The rioting is suppressed on
April 15 .
April 28 –
Maryland ratifies the
United States Constitution , and becomes the seventh
U.S. state .
May 10 – The
Royal Dramatic Theatre (Kungliga Dramatiska Teatern ),
Sweden 's national drama company, is founded.
May 15 – The
Australian frontier wars begin.
May 23 –
South Carolina ratifies the
United States Constitution , and becomes the eighth
U.S. state .
June 7 – France:
Day of the Tiles , which some consider the beginning of the
French Revolution .
June 9 – The
African Association , an exploration group dedicated to plotting the
Niger River and finding
Timbuktu , is founded in England.
June 17 – English captains
Thomas Gilbert and
John Marshall , returning from
Botany Bay , become the first Europeans to encounter the
Gilbert Islands in the Pacific Ocean.
[3] They also chart islands in "Lord Mulgrove's range", later known as the
Marshall Islands .
June 21 –
New Hampshire ratifies the
United States Constitution , and becomes the ninth
U.S. state , enabling the Constitution to go into effect. (The latter happens on
March 4 ,
1789 , when the first Congress elected under the new Constitution assembles.)
June 25 – The
Virginia Ratifying Convention ratifies the
United States Constitution , and becomes the tenth
U.S. state under the new government.
June 26 –
Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart , in
Vienna , completes his antepenultimate symphony, now called the
Symphony No. 39 in E-flat .
June 27 – The
Russo-Swedish War (1788–1790) breaks out following a staged attack on Swedish troops in
Puumala , present-day Finland.
July–September
July 13 – A
hailstorm sweeps across France and the
Dutch Republic , with hailstones 'as big as quart bottles' that take 'three days to melt'; immense damage is done.
[4]
July 24 – Governor General
Lord Dorchester , by proclamation issued from the
Chateau St. Louis in
Quebec City , divides the British
Province of Quebec into five Districts, namely: Gaspé,
Nassau ,
Lunenburg ,
Mecklenburg , and
Hesse .
July 26 – New York ratifies the
United States Constitution , and becomes the eleventh
U.S. state .
July 28 –
Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart , in
Vienna , completes his penultimate symphony, now called the
Symphony No. 40 in G Minor .
August 8 – King
Louis XVI of France agrees to convene the
Estates-General meeting in
May
1789 , the first time since
1614 .
August 10 –
Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart , in
Vienna , completes his final symphony, now called the
Symphony No. 41 in C Major , and nicknamed (after his death) The Jupiter.
August 12 – The
Anjala conspiracy is signed.
[5]
August 27 – The trial of Deacon
William Brodie for
burglary begins in
Edinburgh , Scotland; he is sentenced to death by hanging.
September 13 – The United States
Congress of the Confederation passes an act providing a timeline for the voting for the first President under the new U.S. Constitution.
[6]
September 21 –
Austro-Turkish War -
Battle of Karánsebes : The Austrian army engages in a friendly-fire incident, which results in mass casualties.
September 24 – The
Theater War begins, when the army of
Denmark–Norway invades Sweden.
October–December
Undated
Annual British iron production reaches 68,000 tons.
Births
Arthur Schopenhauer
Joseph Eichendorff
Augustin-Jean Fresnel
May 10 –
Augustin-Jean Fresnel , French engineer, physicist and inventor (d.
1827 )
May 16 –
Friedrich Rückert , German poet, translator, and professor of Oriental languages (d.
1866 )
May 22 –
William Grant Broughton , first Anglican bishop in Australia (d.
1853 )
June 8 –
Charles A. Wickliffe , American politician, 14th
Governor of Kentucky (d.
1869 )
June 21 –
Princess Augusta of Bavaria , Duchess of Leuchtenberg (d.
1851 )
July 30 –
Kisamor , Swedish natural healer (d.
1842 )
August 2 –
Leopold Gmelin , German chemist (d.
1853 )
August 6 –
Felix Slade , English lawyer, philanthropist and art collector (d.
1868 )
August 7 –
Francis R. Shunk , American politician (d.
1848 )
August 16 –
Luigi Ciacchi , Italian cardinal (d.
1865 )
September 12 –
Alexander Campbell , Irish-born founder of the Disciples of Christ (d.
1866 )
September 15 –
Gerard C. Brandon , American politician (d.
1850 )
September 12 –
Charlotte von Siebold , German gynecologist (d.
1859 )
September 21
September 22
September 28 –
Jakob Walter , German
stonemason , soldier (d.
1864 )
October 9 –
József Kossics , Hungarian-Slovene Catholic priest, writer, ethnologist (d.
1867 )
October 11 –
Simon Sechter , Austrian music teacher (d.
1867 )
October 24 –
Sarah Josepha Hale , American author (d.
1879 )
October 31 –
David R. Porter , American politician (d.
1867 )
November 8 –
Mihály Bertalanits ,
Hungarian Slovene (
Prekmurje Slovene ) poet, teacher (d.
1853 )
Date unknown
Deaths
January 14 –
François Joseph Paul, marquis de Grasetilly, comte de Grasse , French admiral (b.
1722 )
January 31 –
Charles Edward Stuart , claimant to the British throne (b.
1720 )
February 17 –
Maurice Quentin de La Tour , French portrait painter (b.
1704 )
February 18 –
John Whitehurst , English clockmaker, scientist (b.
1713 )
February 21 –
Johann Georg Palitzsch , German astronomer (b.
1723 )
February 28 –
Thomas Cushing , American Continental Congressman (b.
1725 )
March 2 –
Salomon Gessner , Swiss painter and newspaper publisher (b.
1730 )
March 29 –
Charles Wesley , English co-founder (with his brother,
John Wesley ) of the religious movement now known as
Methodism (b.
1707 )
March 31 –
Catharina Elisabet Grubb , Finnish industrialist (b.
1721 )
April 12 –
Carlo Antonio Campioni , French-born composer (b.
1719 )
April 15 –
Giuseppe Bonno , Austrian composer (b.
1711 )
April 16 –
Georges-Louis Leclerc, Comte de Buffon , French naturalist (b.
1707 )
May 8 –
Giovanni Antonio Scopoli , Italian-born physician, naturalist (b.
1723 )
May 11 –
Dorothea Biehl , Danish writer (b.
1731 )
June 14 –
Adam Gib , Scottish religious leader (b.
1714 )
June 21 –
Johann Georg Hamann , German philosopher (b.
1730 )
July 3 –
François Jacquier , French Franciscan mathematician, physicist (b.
1711 )
July 30 –
Kajetan Sołtyk , Polish Catholic priest (b.
1715 )
Thomas Gainsborough
August 2 –
Thomas Gainsborough , British painter (b.
1727 )
August 8 –
Armand de Vignerot du Plessis , French soldier, diplomat and statesman (b.
1696 )
August 25 –
Tanuma Okitsugu , Japanese government official (b.
1719 )
August 28 –
Elizabeth Pierrepont, Duchess of Kingston-upon-Hull , English noble (b.
1721 )
September 25 –
Thomas Missing , English politician (b.
1710 )
October 13 –
Robert Nugent, 1st Earl Nugent , Irish politician, poet (b.
1709 )
October 15 –
Samuel Greig , Scottish-Russian Admiral (b.
1736 )
November 14 –
Thomas Estcourt Cresswell , British politician (b.
1712 )
November 20 –
Samuel Martin (Secretary to the Treasury) , British politician (b.
1714 )
November 23 –
Infante Gabriel of Spain (b.
1752 )
December 6 –
Jonathan Shipley , English bishop, politician (b.
1714 )
Charles III of Spain
References
^ Steinberg, S. H. (2017).
Five Hundred Years of Printing . Courier Dover Publications. p. 14.
ISBN
9780486814452 .
^
a
b Harper's Encyclopaedia of United States History from 458 A. D. to 1909 , ed. by Benson John Lossing and, Woodrow Wilson (Harper & Brothers, 1910) p167
^
Morison, Samuel Eliot (May 22, 1944).
"The Gilberts & Marshalls: A distinguished historian recalls the past of two recently captured Pacific groups" .
Life . pp. 91–101. Retrieved December 14, 2011 .
^ Stratton, J. M. (1969). Agricultural Records . London: John Baker.
ISBN
0-212-97022-4 .
^
Anjalan liitto – Anjala-seura (in Finnish)
^ William Waller Hening, ed., The Statutes at Large: Being a Collection of All the Laws of Virginia, from the First Session of the Legislature, in the Year 1619 (George Cochran Publishing, 1823) p653
^ Frank Fletcher Stephens, The Transitional Period, 1788–1789, in the Government of the United States (University of Missouri Press, 1909) pp17-18
^ Robert Huish, Memoirs of George the Fourth: Descriptive of the Most Interesting Scenes of His Private and Public Life, and the Important Events of His Memorable Reign (Thomas Kelly Publishers, 1830) p195
^ David Andress, The Oxford Handbook of the French Revolution (Oxford University Press, 2015)
^
"Robert Burns – Auld Lang Syne" .
BBC . Retrieved January 26, 2012 .
Further reading