Benzofuranylpropylaminopentane (BPAP, (-)-BPAP,[1]BFPAPn, or BFPAP) is a
drug with an unusual
monoamine-release potentiating mechanism of action. It can loosely be grouped with the
stimulant or
antidepressant drug families, but its mechanism of action is quite different.[2][3]
BPAP (along with another similar compound
PPAP) is classified as a
catecholaminergic and
serotonergicactivity enhancer. This means that it stimulates the
impulse propagation mediated transmitter release of the
neurotransmittersdopamine,
norepinephrine and
serotonin in the brain. However, unlike stimulant drugs like
amphetamine, which release a flood of these neurotransmitters in an uncontrolled manner, BPAP instead only increases the amount of neurotransmitter that gets released when a
neuron is stimulated by receiving an impulse from a neighbouring neuron. So while both amphetamine and BPAP increase the amount of neurotransmitters that get released, amphetamine causes neurons to dump neurotransmitter stores into the
synapse regardless of external input, while with BPAP the pattern of neurotransmitter release is not changed, but when the neuron would normally release neurotransmitter, a larger amount than normal is released.[4][5]
BPAP is a stronger enhancer of dopamine, epinephrine, and serotonin release than
PPAP, with more selectivity for serotonin over dopamine and epinephrine.[8] BPAP is a stronger
dopamine reuptake inhibitor than
cocaine with approx. 28× higher binding affinity as a reuptake inhibitor and 12× higher potency as a dopamine reuptake inhibitor. BPAP is also a strong
norepinephrine reuptake inhibitor and a weak
serotonin reuptake inhibitor.[9]
References
^US 6214859, Yoneda F, Knoll J, Ode H, Sakae H, Katurada M, Moto T, Ando T, Shimazu S, Takahata K, Fujimoto M, "Ethylamine derivatives", issued 10 April 2001, assigned to Fujimoto Brothers Co Ltd.
^Shimazu S, Takahata K, Katsuki H, Tsunekawa H, Tanigawa A, Yoneda F, et al. (June 2001). "(-)-1-(Benzofuran-2-yl)-2-propylaminopentane enhances locomotor activity in rats due to its ability to induce dopamine release". European Journal of Pharmacology. 421 (3): 181–9.
doi:
10.1016/S0014-2999(01)01040-8.
PMID11516435.
^Shimazu S, Tsunekawa H, Yoneda F, Katsuki H, Akaike A, Janowsky A (December 2003). "Transporter-mediated actions of R-(-)-1-(benzofuran-2-yl)-2-propylaminopentane". European Journal of Pharmacology. 482 (1–3): 9–16.
doi:
10.1016/j.ejphar.2003.09.044.
PMID14659999.
^Magyar K, Lengyel J, Bolehovszky A, Knoll B, Miklya I, Knoll J (2002). "The fate of (-)1-(benzofuran-2-yl)-2-propylaminopentane . HCl, (-)-BPAP, in rats, a potent enhancer of the impulse-evoked release of catecholamines and serotonin in the brain". European Journal of Drug Metabolism and Pharmacokinetics. 27 (3): 157–61.
doi:
10.1007/BF03190451.
PMID12365195.
S2CID30618267.
^Oka T, Yasusa T, Ando T, Watanabe M, Yoneda F, Ishida T, Knoll J (May 2001). "Enantioselective synthesis and absolute configuration of (-)-1-(benzofuran-2-yl)-2-propylaminopentane, ((-)-BPAP), a highly potent and selective catecholaminergic activity enhancer". Bioorganic & Medicinal Chemistry. 9 (5): 1213–9.
doi:
10.1016/S0968-0896(00)00341-2.
PMID11377179.
^
abShimazu S, Miklya I (May 2004). "Pharmacological studies with endogenous enhancer substances: beta-phenylethylamine, tryptamine, and their synthetic derivatives". Progress in Neuro-Psychopharmacology & Biological Psychiatry. 28 (3): 421–7.
doi:
10.1016/j.pnpbp.2003.11.016.
PMID15093948.
S2CID37564231.
^Gaszner P, Miklya I (January 2006). "Major depression and the synthetic enhancer substances, (-)-deprenyl and R-(-)-1-(benzofuran-2-yl)-2-propylaminopentane". Progress in Neuro-Psychopharmacology & Biological Psychiatry. 30 (1): 5–14.
doi:
10.1016/j.pnpbp.2005.06.004.
PMID16023777.
S2CID26570703.