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Chemical compound
Oxaprotiline (developmental code name C 49-802 BDA ), also known as hydroxymaprotiline , is a
norepinephrine reuptake inhibitor belonging to the
tetracyclic antidepressant (TeCA) family and is related to
maprotiline . Though investigated as an
antidepressant ,
[1] it was never marketed.
Pharmacology
Dextroprotiline acts as a
potent
norepinephrine reuptake inhibitor
[2]
[3] and
H1 receptor
antagonist ,
[4] as well as a very weak
α1 -adrenergic receptor
antagonist .
[2]
[5] It has negligible
affinity for the
serotonin transporter ,
[2]
dopamine transporter ,
α2 -adrenergic receptor ,
[2]
[5] and
muscarinic acetylcholine receptors .
[5] Whether it has any
antagonistic effects on the
5-HT2 ,
5-HT7 , or
D2 receptors like its relative
maprotiline is unclear.
Levoprotiline acts as a
selective
H1 receptor
antagonist , with no affinity for
adrenaline ,
dopamine ,
muscarinic acetylcholine , or
serotonin
receptors , or any of the
monoamine transporters .
[2]
[3]
[4]
Chemistry
Oxaprotiline is a
racemic compound composed of two
isomers , R (−)- or
levo - oxaprotiline (levoprotiline ; CGP-12,103-A ), and S (+)- or dextro- oxaprotiline (dextroprotiline ; CGP-12,104-A ). Both enantiomers are active, with the levo- form acting as an
antihistamine and the dextro- form having an additional pharmacology (see
above ), but with both unexpectedly still retaining antidepressant effects.
[6]
See also
References
^ Giedke H, Gaertner H, Breyer-Pfaff U, Rein W, Axmann D (1986).
"Amitriptyline and oxaprotiline in the treatment of hospitalized depressive patients. Clinical aspects, psychophysiology, and drug plasma levels" . European Archives of Psychiatry and Neurological Sciences . 235 (6): 329–338.
doi :
10.1007/bf00381001 .
PMID
3527706 .
S2CID
24152419 .
^
a
b
c
d
e Waldmeier PC, Baumann PA, Hauser K, Maitre L, Storni A (June 1982). "Oxaprotiline, a noradrenaline uptake inhibitor with an active and an inactive enantiomer".
Biochemical Pharmacology . 31 (12): 2169–76.
doi :
10.1016/0006-2952(82)90510-X .
PMID
7115436 .
^
a
b Reimann IW, Firkusny L, Antonin KH, Bieck PR (1993). "Oxaprotiline: enantioselective noradrenaline uptake inhibition indicated by intravenous amine pressor tests but not alpha 2-adrenoceptor binding to intact platelets in man". European Journal of Clinical Pharmacology . 44 (1): 93–5.
doi :
10.1007/BF00315288 .
PMID
8382162 .
S2CID
22691825 .
^
a
b Noguchi S, Inukai T, Kuno T, Tanaka C (June 1992). "The suppression of olfactory bulbectomy-induced muricide by antidepressants and antihistamines via histamine H1 receptor blocking". Physiology & Behavior . 51 (6): 1123–7.
doi :
10.1016/0031-9384(92)90297-F .
PMID
1353628 .
S2CID
29562845 .
^
a
b
c Richelson E, Nelson A (July 1984).
"Antagonism by antidepressants of neurotransmitter receptors of normal human brain in vitro" . The Journal of Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics . 230 (1): 94–102.
PMID
6086881 .
^ Noguchi S, Fukuda Y, Inukai T (May 1992). "Possible contributory role of the central histaminergic system in the forced swimming model". Arzneimittel-Forschung . 42 (5): 611–3.
PMID
1530672 .
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