MAPKAPK2
Available structures PDB Ortholog search: PDBe RCSB List of PDB id codes 1KWP, 1NXK, 1NY3, 2JBO, 2JBP, 2OKR, 2ONL, 2OZA, 2P3G, 2PZY, 3A2C, 3FPM, 3FYJ, 3FYK, 3GOK, 3KA0, 3KC3, 3KGA, 3M2W, 3M42, 3R2B, 3R2Y, 3R30, 3WI6, 4TYH
Identifiers
Aliases	MAPKAPK2, MAPKAP-K2, MK-2, MK2, mitogen-activated protein kinase-activated protein kinase 2, MAPK activated protein kinase 2
External IDs	OMIM: 602006 MGI: 109298 HomoloGene: 56412 GeneCards: MAPKAPK2
Gene location ( Human) Chr. Chromosome 1 (human) [1] Band 1q32.1 Start 206,684,905 bp [1] End 206,734,281 bp [1]
Gene location ( Mouse) Chr. Chromosome 1 (mouse) [2] Band 1|1 E4 Start 130,981,437 bp [2] End 131,025,563 bp [2]
RNA expression pattern Bgee Human Mouse (ortholog) Top expressed in left ventricle gastrocnemius muscle stromal cell of endometrium upper lobe of left lung right lung islet of Langerhans gallbladder left uterine tube body of stomach bone marrow cells Top expressed in plantaris muscle interventricular septum extensor digitorum longus muscle soleus muscle skeletal muscle tissue myocardium of ventricle thoracic diaphragm extraocular muscle lip cardiac muscles More reference expression data BioGPS More reference expression data
Gene ontology Molecular function calmodulin-dependent protein kinase activity signal transducer activity nucleotide binding transferase activity kinase activity calcium-dependent protein serine/threonine kinase activity calmodulin binding ATP binding protein binding protein kinase activity protein serine/threonine kinase activity mitogen-activated protein kinase binding Cellular component extracellular exosome cytosol centrosome nucleoplasm cytoplasm nucleus Biological process response to stress MAPK cascade regulation of mRNA stability response to cytokine peptidyl-serine phosphorylation cellular response to vascular endothelial growth factor stimulus mRNA stabilization protein autophosphorylation 3'-UTR-mediated mRNA stabilization cellular response to DNA damage stimulus inner ear development p38MAPK cascade Ras protein signal transduction leukotriene metabolic process regulation of cellular response to heat phosphorylation protein phosphorylation regulation of interleukin-6 production vascular endothelial growth factor receptor signaling pathway response to lipopolysaccharide inflammatory response macropinocytosis regulation of tumor necrosis factor production toll-like receptor signaling pathway intracellular signal transduction Sources: Amigo / QuickGO
Orthologs Species Human Mouse Entrez 9261 17164 Ensembl ENSG00000162889 ENSMUSG00000016528 UniProt P49137 P49138 RefSeq (mRNA) NM_004759 NM_032960 NM_008551 RefSeq (protein) NP_004750 NP_116584 NP_032577 Location (UCSC) Chr 1: 206.68 – 206.73 Mb Chr 1: 130.98 – 131.03 Mb PubMed search [3] [4]
Wikidata
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MAP kinase-activated protein kinase 2 is an enzyme that in humans is encoded by the MAPKAPK2 gene. ^{[5] [6] [7]}

Function

This gene encodes a member of the Ser/Thr protein kinase family. This kinase is regulated through direct phosphorylation by p38 MAP kinase. In conjunction with p38 MAP kinase, this kinase is known to be involved in many cellular processes including stress and inflammatory responses, nuclear export, gene expression regulation and cell proliferation. Heat shock protein HSP27 was shown to be its major direct substrate in vivo. Two transcript variants encoding two different isoforms have been found for this gene. ^[8]

Vascular barrier

MK2 pathway has been demonstrated to have a key role in maintaining and repairing the integrity of endothelial barrier in the lung via actin ^[9] and vimentin remodeling. Activation of MK2 via its phosphorylation by p38 has been shown to restore the vascular barrier ^[7] and repair vascular leak, ^[10] associated with over 60 medical conditions, including Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome ( ARDS), a major cause of death around the world. ^[11]

SASP initiation

MAPKAPK2 mediates the initiation of the senescence-associated secretory phenotype (SASP) by mTOR (mechanistic target of rapamycin). ^{[12] [13]} Interleukin 1 alpha (IL1A) is found on the surface of senescent cells, where it contributes to the production of SASP factors due to a positive feedback loop with NF-κB. ^{[14] [15]} Translation of mRNA for IL1A is highly dependent upon mTOR activity. ^[16] mTOR activity increases levels of IL1A, mediated by MAPKAPK2. ^[14]

See also

• SB 203580, suppresses the activation of MAPKAPK2
• MK2-AP directly activates MAPKAPK2 independent of p38. ^[7]

Interactions

MAPKAPK2 has been shown to interact with:

• AKT1, ^[17]
• MAPK14, ^{[17] [18]}
• PHC2, ^[19] and
• SHC1. ^[19]
• RIPK1 ^[20]

References

Further reading

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