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Calendar year
Wikimedia Commons has media related to
1939 .
The year 1939
1939 (
MCMXXXIX ) was a
common year starting on Sunday of the
Gregorian calendar , the 1939th year of the
Common Era (CE) and
Anno Domini (AD) designations, the 939th year of the
2nd millennium , the 39th year of the
20th century , and the 10th and last year of the
1930s decade.
Calendar year
This year also marks the start of the
Second World War , the
largest and deadliest conflict in human history.
Events
Below, the events of
World War II have the "WWII" prefix.
January
January 1
January 5 – Pioneering U.S. aviator
Amelia Earhart is officially declared dead, eighteen months after her disappearance.
[3]
January 6 –
Otto Hahn 's discoveries in the field of
nuclear fission are published in
Naturwissenschaften .
[4]
January 7 – French physicist
Marguerite Perey identifies
francium , the
last
chemical element first discovered in nature.
[5]
January 14 – Norway claims
Queen Maud Land in
Antarctica .
[6]
January 23 – "Dutch War Scare": Admiral
Wilhelm Canaris of the
Abwehr leaks misinformation to the effect that Germany plans to invade the Netherlands in February, with the aim of using Dutch air-fields to launch a strategic bombing offensive against Britain. The "Dutch War Scare" leads to a major change in British policies towards Europe.
[7]
January 24 –
1939 Chillán earthquake : An earthquake in
Chile kills an estimated 30,000 people and razes about 50,000 sq mi (130,000 km2 ) of land.
[8]
January 25 –
Refik Saydam forms the new (11th) government of
Turkey .
January 26
Spanish Civil War : Spanish Nationalist troops, aided by Italy, take
Barcelona .
In Paris, French Foreign Minister
Georges Bonnet , in response to rumours (which are true) that he is seeking to end the French alliance system in Eastern Europe, gives a speech highlighting his government's commitment to the
cordon sanitaire .
January 27 –
Adolf Hitler orders
Plan Z , a 5-year naval expansion programme intended to provide for a huge German fleet capable of crushing the British
Royal Navy by 1944. The
Kriegsmarine is given the first priority on the allotment of German economic resources.
[9]
January 30 –
Hitler gives a speech before the Reichstag calling for an "export battle" to increase German foreign exchange holdings. The same speech also sees "
Hitler's prophecy ", where he warns that if "Jewish financiers" start a war against Germany, "the result will be the annihilation of the Jewish race in Europe".
[10]
February
February 21 :
Golden Gate International Exposition opens.
March
March – The
1936–39 Arab revolt in Palestine ends.
March 1 – An
Imperial Japanese Army ammunition dump explosion on the outskirts of
Osaka kills 94.
March 2 –
Pope Pius XII (Cardinal Pacelli) succeeds
Pope Pius XI to become the 260th pope, holding office until 1958.
March 3 – In
Durban , South Africa the
Timeless Test begins between England and South Africa, the longest game of cricket ever played. It is abandoned 12 days later, when the English team has to catch their ship home.
March 13 –
Adolf Hitler advises
Jozef Tiso to declare Slovakia's independence, in order to prevent its partition by Hungary and Poland.
March 14 – The
Slovak provincial assembly proclaims independence; priest
Jozef Tiso becomes president of the independent Slovak government.
March 15 – German troops occupy the remaining part of
Bohemia and
Moravia ;
Czechoslovakia ceases to exist. The Ruthenian region of Czechoslovakia declares independence as
Carpatho-Ukraine .
March 16
March 17 – The nationalist governments of Spain and Portugal sign the
Iberian Pact in Lisbon, pledging mutual defence of the
Iberian Peninsula and
neutrality in the event of a general European war.
March 20
March 22 – Following the
March 20 ultimatum ,
Nazi Germany is granted the
Klaipėda Region (Memel Territory, Memelland ) by
Lithuania ; on the following day German forces occupy the territory.
March 23 – The
Slovak–Hungarian War begins.
March 24 –
1939 Liechtenstein putsch : members of the pro-Nazi
German National Movement in Liechtenstein (VDBL) attempt to provoke the country's annexation into Germany.
March 26 –
Final offensive of the Spanish Civil War launched by the Nationalists.
March 27 – The
University of Oregon defeats
Ohio State University 46–33 in
Evanston, Illinois , to win the championship of the first
NCAA men's basketball tournament .
March 28
General
Francisco Franco assumes power in
Madrid , remaining in power until his death in
1975 .
American adventurer
Richard Halliburton delivers a last message from a Chinese junk, before he disappears on a voyage across the Pacific Ocean. In 1945, some wreckage identified as a rudder, and believed to belong to the junk, washes ashore in
San Diego ,
California .
March 31 –
Neville Chamberlain gives a speech in the House of Commons, offering the British "guarantee" of the independence of Poland.
April
April 1 – The
Spanish Civil War comes to an end when the last of the Republican forces surrender.
April 3
Adolf Hitler orders the German military to start planning for
Fall Weiß , the codename for the invasion of Poland.
Refik Saydam forms the new government in
Turkey (12th government; Refik Saydam has served twice as a prime minister).
April 4
April 7
April 9 – African-American singer
Marian Anderson performs before 75,000 people at the
Lincoln Memorial in Washington, D.C., after having been denied the use both of
Constitution Hall by the
Daughters of the American Revolution , and of a public high school by the federally controlled
District of Columbia .
First Lady of the United States
Eleanor Roosevelt resigns from the DAR because of their decision.
April 11 – Hungary leaves the
League of Nations .
April 14 – At a meeting in Paris, French Foreign Minister
Georges Bonnet meets with Soviet Ambassador Jakob Suritz, and suggests that a "peace front" comprising France, the Soviet Union, Great Britain, Poland and Romania would deter Germany from war.
April 18
April 25 – The
Federal Security Agency (FSA) is founded in the United States, along with the
Civilian Conservation Corps and
Public Health Service .
April 28 – In a speech before the Reichstag,
Adolf Hitler renounces the
Anglo-German Naval Agreement and the
German–Polish declaration of non-aggression .
April 30 – The
1939 New York World's Fair opens.
May
May 1 –
Batman , the fictional character created by
Bill Finger and
Bob Kane , makes his first appearance in
Detective Comics #27.
May 3
May 6 – German anti-Nazi
Carl Friedrich Goerdeler tells the British government that the German and Soviet governments are secretly beginning a rapprochement, with the aim of dividing Eastern Europe between them. Goerdeler also informs the British of German economic problems which he states threaten the survival of the Nazi regime, and advises that if a firm stand is made for Poland, then Hitler will be deterred from war.
May 9 – Spain leaves the
League of Nations .
May 14 –
Lina Medina , a 5-year-old
Peruvian girl, gives birth to a baby boy, becoming the youngest confirmed mother in medical history.
May 17
May 18 – The
Hòa Hảo religious sect is established in Vietnam, by
Huỳnh Phú Sổ .
May 20 –
Pan American Airways begins transatlantic mail service with the inaugural flight of its
Boeing 314
flying boat Yankee Clipper from
Port Washington, New York , to
Marseille .
[14]
May 22 – Germany and Italy sign the
Pact of Steel .
[15]
May 24 – The first issue of
Fashizmi is published in
Tirana ,
Albania .
May 29 –
Albanian
fascist leader
Tefik Mborja is appointed as member of the Italian Chamber of Fasces and Corporations.
June
June 24 : Siam is renamed "
Thailand ".
June 3 – The Soviet government offers its definition of what constitutes "aggression", upon which the projected Anglo-Soviet-French alliance will come into effect. French Foreign Minister
Georges Bonnet accepts the Soviet definition of aggression at once. The British reject the Soviet definition, especially the concept of "indirect aggression", which they feel is too loose a definition, and phrased in such a manner as to imply the Soviet right of inference in the internal affairs of Eastern European nations.
June 4 – The
St. Louis , a ship carrying a cargo of 907 Jewish refugees, is denied permission to land in
Florida , after already having been turned away from
Cuba . Forced to return to Europe, many of its passengers later die in
Nazi
death camps during
The Holocaust .
June 14 –
Tientsin Incident : The Japanese blockade the British concession in
Tianjin , China, beginning a crisis which almost causes an Anglo-Japanese war in the summer of 1939.
June 17 – In the last public
guillotining in France, murderer
Eugen Weidmann is executed.
June 23 – Talks are completed in
Ankara between French Ambassador
René Massigli and Turkish Foreign Minister
Şükrü Saracoğlu , resolving the Hatay dispute in Turkey's favor.
Turkey annexes
Hatay .
June 24 – The government of Siam changes the country's name to
Thailand , which means 'Free Land'.
[16]
June 29 – The
Ford 9N tractor , with the
Ferguson hydraulic
three-point hitch , is first demonstrated at
Dearborn, Michigan .
[17]
July
August
August 2 – The
Einstein–Szilard letter is signed by
Albert Einstein , advising
President of the United States
Franklin D. Roosevelt of the potential use of
uranium to construct an
atomic bomb . It is delivered on October 11 and leads to the first meeting on October 21 of the Advisory Committee on Uranium.
[18]
August 4 – Prime Minister
Neville Chamberlain dismisses the Parliament of the United Kingdom until October 3.
August 15 – The musical film
The Wizard of Oz starring
Judy Garland premieres at
Grauman's Chinese Theatre in Los Angeles.
August 19 –
Adolf Hitler , after evaluating the pace of
non-aggression negotiations with the Soviet Union , orders the
Kriegsmarine to begin the opening operations for
Fall Weiß , the invasion of Poland. The
German pocket battleship Admiral Graf Spee , along with the
German pocket battleship Deutschland , as well as dozens of U-boats, cast off for their advance positions. Hitler spends the next few days worrying that the Russians will not come to terms in time for the rest of the invasion plans to unfold as scheduled.
[19]
August 20 – Armored forces under the command of Soviet General
Georgy Zhukov deliver a decisive defeat to
Imperial Japanese Army forces in the Japanese-Soviet border war in
Inner Mongolia .
August 23 – The
Molotov–Ribbentrop Pact is signed between Germany and the Soviet Union, a neutrality treaty that also agrees to division of spheres of influence (Finland,
Estonia ,
Latvia , eastern Poland and Bessarabia (modern-day
Moldova ), north-east province of
Romania to the
Soviet Union ;
Lithuania and western Poland to Germany). Its annex reassigns Lithuania to the Soviet Union.
August 24 – As details of the Molotov–Ribbentrop Pact become public, British Prime Minister
Neville Chamberlain recalls the
Parliament of the United Kingdom several weeks early. In a burst of legislation, the
Emergency Powers (Defence) Act 1939 gives full authority to defence regulations, the British
Royal Navy is to be put on a war footing, all military leave is to be cancelled,
military reserve forces are to be called up, especially coast defence, radar and anti-aircraft units, and
Civil Defence workers are placed on alert. In addition, the last British and French private citizens in Germany are advised to return home by their respective Governments.
August 25
The German Foreign Ministry cuts off all telegraph and telephone communication with the outside world, in accordance with the plan for
Fall Weiß . At approximately 1830 Central European time, Adolf Hitler postpones Fall Weiß for 5 days, after receiving a message from
Benito Mussolini that he will not honor the Pact of Steel if Germany attacks Poland, and because Chamberlain's government has not fallen as a result of the German-Soviet Non-Aggression Pact. Some units already in their forward positions (the attack is scheduled for 0430 the next day) do not get the word in time and attack various targets along the border. This same day,
Neville Chamberlain gives
Edward Rydz-Śmigły his "ironclad guarantee" of assistance if Poland is attacked by Germany.
1939 Coventry bombing : An
Irish Republican Army bomb explodes in the centre of
Coventry , England, killing 5 people.
August 26
August 27 – A
Heinkel He 178 , the first turbojet-powered aircraft, flies for the first time, with Captain Erich Warsitz in command.
August 28 – French ocean liner
SS Normandie heads into
New York Harbor , where she will be interned on September 3, and cut up for scrap, beginning in 1946.
August 30 – Poland begins a
mobilization against
Nazi Germany .
August 31 –
Operation Himmler : Nazi German troops posing as Poles stage a series of
false flag operations on the border (including the
Gleiwitz incident ), giving a pretext for the invasion of Poland.
September
September 1 :
Wieluń destroyed by
Luftwaffe bombing.
Common parade of Wehrmacht and Red Army in Brest at the end of the Invasion of Poland. At the center Major General
Heinz Guderian and Brigadier
Semyon Krivoshein .
September 1 – Beginning of WWII:
Opening shots of
World War II and
invasion of Poland : At 4:45 Central European Time, under cover of darkness, the German WWI-era battleship
Schleswig-Holstein quietly slips her moorings at her wharf in Danzig Harbor, drifts into the center of the channel, and commences firing on a Polish military installation on
Westerplatte at the northeastern mouth of the port of the internationalized
Free City of Danzig , beginning the
Battle of Westerplatte and
Battle of Danzig Bay . Polish soldiers defended there for 7 days. Five minutes previously, the
bombing of Wieluń in the western part of Poland had commenced, beginning the
Battle of the Border . Shock-troops of the German
Wehrmacht begin crossing the border into Poland.
The
Reichstag passes a statement, stating that
Adolf Hitler 's second-in-command
Reichsmarschall
Hermann Göring should be appointed as Hitler's successor as
Führer , should Hitler die during the war.
Rudolf Hess is to be appointed in Göring's place, should anything befall Göring.
Britain and France deliver ultimatums to Germany. Norway, Finland, Sweden and Switzerland declare their neutrality. U.S. President
Franklin D. Roosevelt states that "every effort" would be made by his administration to stay out of the war.
[20] Italy is advised that Germany does not expect to need its military support at present.
[19]
September 2 – WWII:
September 3 – WWII:
The United Kingdom, France, New Zealand, Australia and India (by its
Viceroy ) declare war on Nazi Germany.
Prime Minister of Canada
Mackenzie King , in English, and
Justice Minister
Ernest Lapointe , in French, give an international radio address stating the Dominion's intention to declare war also.
[21]
[22]
United States President
Franklin D. Roosevelt advocates neutrality, in a nationwide radio address.
Ocean liner
SS Athenia becomes the first British civilian casualty of the war, when she is
torpedoed and sunk by
German submarine U-30 in the eastern Atlantic. Of the 1,418 aboard, 98 passengers and 19 crew are killed.
Chamberlain offers the war cabinet post of
First Lord of the Admiralty to
Winston Churchill , who returns to government for the first time since June 4, 1929.
[23]
September 4 – WWII:
September 5 – WWII: The United States declares its neutrality in the war.
[24]
September 6 – WWII: South Africa declares war on
Germany .
[25]
September 8
WWII: Forward elements of General Hoeppner's XVI Panzerkorps take up positions outside
Warsaw . The world is stunned by the rapidity of the German advance, and the Polish High Command is effectively isolated, but lack of infantry support and effective civilian resistance cause Hoeppner to halt outside the city itself.
WWII:
Battle of Westerplatte ends when Polish troops on the
Westerplatte are forced by lack of food and ammunition to surrender. The garrison of about two hundred had held out against thousands of German forces (many of them naval officer cadets from the
Schleswig-Holstein ) for seven days.
[26]
The
Little Sisters of Jesus is founded in
Algeria , by
Little Sister Magdeleine .
September:
Siege of Warsaw .
September 9 – WWII: Troops of the Polish
Poznań Army under the command of
General Kutrzeba open the
Battle of the Bzura , the largest and best organized counter-attack mounted by the Polish forces in the
campaign of 1939. For the first few days all goes well, and the Germans are forced to retreat; but quick reaction by mechanized units and the Luftwaffe soon take their toll, and the operation bogs down.
September 10 – WWII: Canada declares war on
Germany , the only declaration of war by Canada.
September 13 –
14 – WWII:
Zambrów massacre – German
Wehrmacht soldiers shoot more than 200 Polish prisoners of war.
September 15 – WWII: Diverse elements of the German Wehrmacht surround
Warsaw , and demand its surrender. The Poles refuse, and the
siege begins in earnest.
September 16 – A ceasefire ends the
Battles of Khalkhin Gol , the undeclared border war between the
Soviet Union (and
Mongolian allies) and Japan.
September 17 – WWII:
September 18 – WWII:
Orzeł incident : Polish submarine ORP Orzeł escapes internment from
Tallinn Harbour,
Estonia , leading both the
Soviet Union and
Germany to question Estonia's neutrality.
September 19 – WWII: The Poznan pocket collapses, and the Germans capture, according to many sources, over 150,000 men. Many elements of General
Tadeusz Kutrzeba 's forces work their way into Warsaw, under extreme difficulty.
September 21
September 22 – WWII: A joint
victory parade is staged by the
Wehrmacht and
Red Army in
Brest-Litovsk , at the end of the
Invasion of Poland .
September 24 – WWII: The
Soviet Union issues an ultimatum to
Estonia to allow Soviet military bases on its territory, which Estonia accepts on September 28. Similar ultimatums are issued to
Latvia on October 5 and to
Lithuania on October 10, who are forced to accept them as well.
September 28 – WWII:
September 30 – General
Władysław Sikorski becomes
Prime Minister of the
Polish government-in-exile .
October
November
November 6 :
Hedda Hopper
November –
Lebensborn : Policy of
kidnapping of children by Nazi Germany initiated in occupied Poland.
November 1 –
2 – WWII: Physicist
Hans Ferdinand Mayer writes the
Oslo Report on German weapons systems, and passes it to the British
Secret Intelligence Service .
November 4 – WWII: U.S. President
Franklin D. Roosevelt orders the
United States Customs Service to implement the
Neutrality Act of 1939 , allowing cash-and-carry purchases of weapons to non-belligerent nations.
November 4 –
Stewart Menzies is appointed head of the British
Secret Intelligence Service .
November 6
November 8
November 9 – WWII:
Venlo Incident : Two British agents of
SIS are captured by the Germans.
November 14 – In Washington, D.C., U.S. President
Franklin D. Roosevelt lays the cornerstone of the
Jefferson Memorial .
November 16 –
Al Capone is released from
Terminal Island , due to deteriorating health caused by
syphilis .
November 17 – WWII: To punish protests against the Nazi occupation of the Czech homeland, the Nazis storm the University of Prague and murder 9 Czech graduate students, send over 1,200 to concentration camps, and close all Czech universities, an event which will be commemorated as
International Students' Day .
November 23 – WWII: British
armed merchantman
HMS Rawalpindi is sunk in the
GIUK gap , in an action against the German
battleships
Scharnhorst and
Gneisenau .
November 26 –
Shelling of Mainila : The
Soviet Union 's
Red Army shells the Russian village of Mainila, then claims that the fire originated from
Finland , giving a
casus belli for the
Winter War .
November 30 – WWII:
Winter War – Soviet forces attack Finland and reach the
Mannerheim Line , starting the war. Sweden declares itself a
non-belligerent in the Winter War.
December
December 1 – The
Soviet Union establishes the
Finnish Democratic Republic puppet state in
Terijoki .
[31]
December 4 – WWII:
December 9 – WWII: The first soldier of the
British Expeditionary Force is killed: Corporal Thomas Priday triggers a French land mine.
December 12 – WWII:
HMS Duchess sinks after a collision with
HMS Barham off the coast of Scotland, with the loss of 124 men.
December 13 – WWII –
Battle of the River Plate : The
German heavy cruiser Admiral Graf Spee is trapped by cruisers
HMS Ajax ,
HMNZS Achilles , and
HMS Exeter after a running battle off the coast of
Uruguay . Graf Spee is
scuttled by its crew off
Montevideo Harbor, on
December 17 .
December 14 – WWII:
Winter War – The
League of Nations expels the USSR for attacking Finland.
December 15 – The epic historical romance film
Gone with the Wind , starring
Vivien Leigh ,
Clark Gable ,
Olivia de Havilland and
Leslie Howard , premieres at
Loew's Grand Theatre in
Atlanta . Based on
Margaret Mitchell 's
best-selling novel of 1936, it is the longest American film made up to this date (at nearly four hours) and rapidly becomes the
highest-grossing film up to this time .
December 18 – WWII:
Battle of the Heligoland Bight –
RAF Bomber Command , on a daylight mission to attack
Kriegsmarine ships in the
Heligoland Bight , is repulsed by
Luftwaffe
fighter aircraft .
December 26 – Miners
strike in
Borinage , Belgium.
December 27 – The 7.8 Mw
Erzincan earthquake shakes eastern
Turkey with a maximum
Mercalli intensity of XII (Extreme ), causing $20 million in damage, and leaving 32,700–32,968 dead.
Date unknown
Births
January–February
Sal Mineo
Bill Toomey
Abdullah Ensour
Alfredo Palacio
January 1 –
Ali Mahdi Muhammad , Somali entrepreneur, politician and 4th
President of Somalia (d.
2021 )
January 3
January 6
January 9 –
Susannah York , British actress (d.
2011 )
[39]
January 10
January 11 –
Anne Heggtveit , Canadian skier
[42]
January 12 –
Joachim Yhombi-Opango , Congolese politician (d.
2020 )
[43]
January 17 –
Maury Povich , American talk show host
[44]
January 19 –
Phil Everly , American rock 'n' roll musician, member of
Rockabilly Hall of Fame (d.
2014 )
[45]
January 20 –
Chandra Wickramasinghe , British astronomer and poet
[46]
January 22
January 24 –
Ray Stevens , American musician ("
Everything is Beautiful ")
January 29 –
Germaine Greer , Australian feminist writer
[49]
January 31 –
Jerry Brudos , American serial killer and rapist (d. 2006)
[50]
February 1 –
Ekaterina Maximova , Russian ballerina (d.
2009 )
[51]
February 3
February 7 –
Francisco Mendes , Guinea-Bissau politician, 1st
Prime Minister of Guinea-Bissau (d.
1978 )[
citation needed ]
February 8 –
Egon Zimmermann , Austrian Olympic alpine skier (d.
2019 )
[54]
February 10
February 12 –
Ray Manzarek , American keyboardist (
The Doors ) (d.
2013 )
[57]
February 13 –
Andrew Peacock , Australian politician (d.
2021 )
[58]
February 18 –
Abdelraouf Al-Rawabdeh , Jordanian political figure, 65th
Prime Minister of Jordan
February 19 –
Erin Pizzey , British author, founder of the first domestic violence shelter in the modern world
[59]
February 28 –
Daniel C. Tsui , Chinese-born physicist,
Nobel Prize laureate
[60]
March–April
Brian Mulroney
Marvin Gaye
Francis Ford Coppola
Dusty Springfield
Ali Khamenei
March 1 –
Tzvetan Todorov , Bulgarian-French historian, philosopher, structuralist literary critic, sociologist and essayist (d.
2017 )
March 2 –
Takako, Princess Suga
[61]
March 5
March 8 –
Lidiya Skoblikova , Russian speed-skater
[63]
March 10 –
Lee Soo-sung , 27th
Prime Minister of South Korea
[64]
March 13 –
Neil Sedaka , American singer-songwriter
[65]
March 14 –
Glauber Rocha , Brazilian film director, actor and screenwriter (d.
1981 )
[66]
March 17 –
Giovanni Trapattoni , Italian footballer and manager
[67]
March 20 –
Brian Mulroney , 18th
Prime Minister of Canada (d.
2024 )
[68]
March 25 –
D. C. Fontana , American television writer (d.
2019 )
[69]
March 29 –
Terence Hill , Italian actor
[70]
March 31
April 1 –
Ali MacGraw , American actress
April 2 –
Marvin Gaye , American singer (d.
1984 )
April 4
April 7
April 9 –
Michael Learned , American actress
April 10 –
Claudio Magris , Italian author
April 12 –
Alan Ayckbourn , English dramatist
April 13 –
Seamus Heaney , Irish writer,
Nobel Prize laureate (d.
2013 )
[74]
April 15 –
Jaime Paz Zamora , 60th
President of Bolivia
April 16 –
Dusty Springfield , English pop singer (d.
1999 )
April 19 –
Ali Khamenei , Supreme Leader of Iran
April 20 –
Gro Harlem Brundtland , Norwegian politician, 1st female
Prime Minister
[75]
April 23 –
Lee Majors , American actor
April 27 –
João Bernardo Vieira ,
President of Guinea-Bissau (d.
2009 )
May–June
Judy Collins
Ruud Lubbers
Harvey Keitel
Sir
Ian McKellen
Jackie Stewart
May 1 –
Judy Collins , American singer-songwriter
May 2
May 4 –
Amos Oz , Israeli author and journalist (d.
2018 )
[77]
May 7
May 9 –
Ralph Boston , American athlete
[79] (d. 2023)
May 13 –
Harvey Keitel , American actor
May 13 -
Brian J Ford , British professor of biology, writer, broadcaster and international lecturer.
May 15 –
Barbara Hammer , American filmmaker (d.
2019 )
May 18 –
Peter Grünberg , German physicist,
Nobel Prize laureate (d.
2018 )
[80]
May 19
May 20 –
Roman Kartsev , Russian actor (d.
2018 )
May 21 –
Heinz Holliger , Swiss oboist, composer
May 22 –
Paul Winfield , African-American actor (d.
2004 )
May 25
May 27 –
Don Williams , American musician (d.
2017 )
[84]
May 29 –
Maeve Binchy , Irish author (d.
2012 )
[85]
May 30 –
Michael J. Pollard , American actor (d.
2019 )
[86]
June 1 –
Cleavon Little , African-American actor (d.
1992 )
June 4 –
Ottavio Cogliati , Italian cyclist (d.
2008 )
June 5
June 6 –
Louis Andriessen , Dutch composer (d.
2021 )
[89]
June 9 –
Ileana Cotrubaș , Romanian soprano
June 11 –
Jackie Stewart , Scottish motor racing driver
June 16 –
Billy "Crash" Craddock , American country and rockabilly singer
June 21 –
Charles Jencks , American cultural theorist (d.
2019 )
June 22 –
Ada Yonath , Israeli crystallographer
June 24 –
Judy Olson Duhamel , American politician and educator
[90]
June 26 –
Osvaldo Hurtado , 34th
President of Ecuador
June 29 –
Sante Gaiardoni , Italian cyclist
June 30 –
Renzo Rovatti , Italian footballer
July–August
Sultan bin Muhammad Al-Qasimi
Karel Gott
John Howard
Romano Prodi
Ginger Baker
July 1
July 4
July 6
July 7 –
Elena Obraztsova , Russian opera singer (d.
2015 )
[92]
July 8
July 10 –
Mavis Staples , African-American rhythm and blues, gospel singer, actress and civil rights activist
July 13 –
John Danielsen , Danish football midfielder
July 14
July 15 –
Aníbal Cavaco Silva , 113th
Prime Minister of Portugal , 19th
President of Portugal
July 16 –
Lido Vieri , Italian footballer and manager
July 17 –
Milva , Italian singer, stage and film actress, and television personality (d.
2021 )
July 18 –
Dion DiMucci , American singer, songwriter (
The Wanderer )
[93]
July 21 –
Helmut Haller , German footballer (d.
2012 )
July 22 –
Gila Almagor , Israeli actress and author
July 24 –
Walt Bellamy , African-American basketball player (d.
2013 )
[94]
July 26 –
John Howard , 25th
Prime Minister of Australia
[95]
July 28 –
Gösta Ekman , Swedish actor, comedian, and director (d.
2017 )
[96]
August 1 –
Robert James Waller , American novelist (d.
2017 )
[97]
August 2
August 5 –
Princess Irene of the Netherlands
August 8 –
Viorica Viscopoleanu , Romanian athlete
[99]
August 9 –
Romano Prodi , Italian politician, economist and 52nd
Prime Minister of Italy
[100]
August 11 –
James Mancham , Seychellois politician, President 1976-77 (d.
2017 )
August 12
August 16
August 19
August 20 –
Fernando Poe Jr. , Filipino actor (d.
2004 )
[103]
August 21 –
Clarence Williams III , American actor (d.
2021 )
[104]
August 22 –
Valerie Harper , American actress (d.
2019 )
August 23 –
Fernando Luján , Mexican actor (d.
2019 )
August 27 –
Bill Mulliken , American swimmer (d.
2014 )
[105]
August 29 –
Joel Schumacher , American film producer and director (d.
2020 )
August 30
September
Lily Tomlin
Guntis Ulmanis
September 1 –
Lily Tomlin , American actress (
Rowan and Martin's Laugh-In )
September 5
September 6 –
Susumu Tonegawa , Japanese biologist, recipient of the
Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine
September 7 –
Stanislav Petrov , Soviet Air Defence Forces official
September 8 –
Carsten Keller , German field hockey player
September 9 –
Reuven Rivlin , 10th
President of Israel
September 11 –
Charles Geschke , American inventor and businessman (d.
2021 )
September 13
September 15 –
Ron Walker , Australian businessman, former Lord Mayor of Melbourne (d.
2018 )
September 16 –
Breyten Breytenbach , South African writer and painter
[107]
September 18 –
Jorge Sampaio , 17th
President of Portugal (d.
2021 )
[108]
September 20 –
Norma Cappagli , Argentine model and Miss World winner (d.
2020 )
September 22 –
Junko Tabei , Japanese mountaineer (d.
2016 )
September 27 –
Kathy Whitworth , American professional golfer (d.
2022 )
September 30 –
Jean-Marie Lehn , French chemist,
Nobel Prize laureate
October
Ralph Lauren
Lee Harvey Oswald
Joaquim Chissano
John Cleese
Date unknown –
Muhammad Banaru Abubakar , Nigerian Administrator and public servant (d.
2015 )
October 3 –
Aleksandrs Kudrjašovs ,
primate in the
Latvian Orthodox Church and the
Metropolitan of Riga and all Latvia.
[109]
October 4 –
Ivan Mauger , New Zealand speedway rider, 6 times World Speedway Champion (d.
2018 )
[110]
October 6 –
Melvyn Bragg , Baron Bragg, English broadcaster and author
October 7
October 8 –
Paul Hogan , Australian actor and comedian
October 9
October 11 –
Maria Bueno , Brazilian tennis player (d.
2018 )
[115]
October 14 –
Ralph Lauren , American fashion designer
[116]
October 18 –
Lee Harvey Oswald , Alleged American assassin of President
John F. Kennedy (d.
1963 )
[117]
October 21 –
Archbishop Christodoulos of Athens (d.
2008 )
[118]
October 22
October 24
October 27 –
John Cleese , English comic actor and writer
[121]
October 28 –
Jane Alexander , American actress
October 30
October 31
November
Emil Constantinescu
Tina Turner
Abdullah Ahmad Badawi
December
Phil Spector
John Amos
Date unknown
Deaths
January
Prince Valdemar of Denmark
Kullervo Manner
W. B. Yeats
January 2 –
Roman Dmowski , Polish politician (b.
1864 )
January 4 –
Mary J. L. Black , Canadian librarian and suffragist (b.
1879 )
January 6 –
Gustavs Zemgals , 2nd President of Latvia (b.
1871 )
January 8 –
Charles Eastman , American author, physician, reformer, helped found the Boy Scouts of America (b.
1858 )
January 13 –
Arthur Barker , American criminal, son of
Ma Barker (b.
1899 )
January 14 –
Prince Valdemar of Denmark (b.
1858 )
January 15 –
Kullervo Manner , Finnish
Speaker of the Parliament , the
Prime Minister of the FSWR and the Supreme Commander of the
Red Guards (b.
1880 )
[139]
January 18 –
Ivan Mosjoukine , Soviet actor (b.
1889 )
January 22 –
Léopold Bernhard Bernstamm , Soviet sculptor (b.
1859 )
January 23 –
Matthias Sindelar , Austrian footballer (b.
1903 )
January 24 –
Maximilian Bircher-Benner , Swiss physician, nutritionist (b.
1867 )
January 25 –
Helen Ware , American actress (b.
1877 )
January 28 –
W. B. Yeats , Irish writer, 1923
Nobel Prize laureate (b.
1865 )
[140]
February
Pope Pius XI
Henri Jaspar
February 1 –
Lawrence Marston , American actor, playwright, and film director (b.
1857 )
February 2 –
Vladimir Shukhov , Russian engineer, polymath, scientist and architect (b.
1853 )
February 3 –
Janez Frančišek Gnidovec , Yugoslav
Roman Catholic priest and venerable (b.
1873 )
February 4 –
Edward Sapir , German-American anthropologist, linguist (b.
1884 )
February 5 –
Teresa Mañé , Spanish teacher, editor and writer (b.
1865 )
[141]
February 6 –
Sayajirao Gaekwad III , Maharada of Baroda (b.
1863 )
February 9 –
Henry Balfour , British archaeologist (b.
1863 )
February 10
February 11 –
Franz Schmidt , Austrian composer (b.
1874 )
February 12
February 13 –
Sir Alexander Hamilton-Gordon , British general (b.
1859 )
February 15 –
Henri Jaspar , Belgian politician, 27th
Prime Minister of Belgium (b.
1870 )
February 18 –
Kanoko Okamoto , Japanese tanka poet (b.
1899 )
February 22 –
Antonio Machado , Spanish poet (b.
1875 )
[142]
February 23 –
Michael Knatchbull, 5th Baron Brabourne , British peer, soldier (b.
1895 )
February 26 –
Ivan Fedko , Soviet army commander (b.
1897 )
February 27 –
Nadezhda Krupskaya ,
Russian
Marxist revolutionary,
Vladimir Lenin 's widow (b.
1869 )
March
Howard Carter
Patriarch Miron of Romania
Carlos Manuel de Cespedes y Quesada
March 2 –
Howard Carter , British archaeologist (b.
1874 )
March 3 –
Dimitrie Gerota , Romanian anatomist, physician (b.
1867 )
March 5 –
Herbert Mundin , British actor (b.
1898 )
March 6
March 7 –
Matvei Berman , Soviet intelligence officer (b.
1898 )
March 13 –
Lucien Lévy-Bruhl , French sociologist, anthropologist (b.
1857 )
March 14 –
Agostino Borgato , Italian actor, director (b.
1871 )
March 21 –
Avril de Sainte-Croix , French author, journalist (b.
1855 )
March 23 –
Abd al-Rahim al-Hajj Muhammad , Palestinian revolutionary (b.
1892 )
March 27 –
Ferdinand von Quast , German general (b.
1850 )
March 28
March 29 –
Gerardo Machado , Cuban general, 5th
President of Cuba (b.
1871 )
March 31 –
Ioannis Tsangaridis , Greek general (b.
1887 )
April
King
Ghazi of Iraq
Joseph Lyons
May
Bautista Saavedra
Saint
Ursula Ledóchowska
May 1 –
Bautista Saavedra , 29th
President of Bolivia (b.
1870 )
May 2 –
Phillips Smalley , American actor, director (b.
1875 )
May 3 –
Wilhelm Groener , German general (b.
1867 )
May 4 –
James A. Johnson , American architect (b.
1865 )
May 7 –
Francesco Paleari , Italian priest and blessed (b.
1863 )
May 9 –
Mary, Lady Heath , Irish aviator (b.
1896 )
May 10 –
James Parrott , American actor (b.
1898 )
May 13 –
Victor Bernau , Norwegian actor, director (b.
1890 )
May 18
May 19 –
Ahmet Ağaoğlu , Turkish politician, author and writer (b.
1869 )
May 20
May 22 –
Ernst Toller , German playwright, Communist politician (b.
1893 )
May 23 –
Witmer Stone , American ornithologist, botanist (b.
1866 )
May 24 –
Aleksander Brückner , German scholar (b.
1856 )
May 25 –
Álvaro Casanova Zenteno , Chilean painter (b.
1857 )
May 25 –
Frank Watson Dyson , British astronomer (b.
1868 )
May 27
May 29 –
Ursula Ledóchowska , Polish
Roman Catholic religious professed and saint (b.
1865 )
May 30 –
Floyd Roberts , American race car driver (b.
1900 )
June
June 4 –
Tommy Ladnier , American jazz trumpeter (b.
1900 )
June 6
June 9 –
Owen Moore , Irish-born American actor (b.
1886 )
June 16 –
Chick Webb , American musician (b.
1905 )
[146]
June 22 –
Benjamin Tucker , American anarchist (b.
1854 )
[147]
June 23 –
Ernest Alexander Cruikshank , Canadian general (b.
1859 )
June 25 –
Richard Seaman , British motor racing driver (b.
1913 )
[148]
June 26 –
Ford Madox Ford , British writer (b.
1873 )
[149]
June 27 –
Margaret Campbell , American actress (b.
1883 )
June 28 –
Bobby Vernon , American actor (b.
1898 )
June 30 –
Eduardo Lopez Bustamante , Venezuelan poet, lawyer and journalist (b.
1881 )
July
King
Malietoa Tanumafili I
Carlo Galimberti
Louis Wain
August
Germán Busch
Eliodoro Villazón
September
Armand Călinescu
Sigmund Freud
Carl Laemmle
October
Albrecht, Duke of Württemberg
October 2 –
Edgar M. Lazarus , American architect (b.
1868 )
October 3 –
Fay Templeton , American musical comedy star (b.
1865 )
October 6 –
Giulio Gavotti , Italian aviator (b.
1882 )
October 7 –
Harvey Cushing , American neurosurgeon (b.
1869 )
October 8 –
Gustav Henriksen , Norwegian executive (b.
1872 )
October 9 –
Anna Tuschinski , Esperantist from
Danzig (b.
1841 )
[156]
October 13 –
Ford Sterling , American actor (b.
1882 )
October 14 –
Polaire , French actress (b.
1874 )
October 23
October 28 –
Alice Brady , American actress (b.
1892 )
October 30 –
Carlos De Valdez , Peruvian actor (b.
1894 )
October 31
November
Charlotte Despard
James Naismith
Philipp Scheidemann
November 1 –
Kálmán Darányi , 31st Prime Minister of Hungary (b.
1886 )
November 4
November 7 –
Kirsti Suonio , Finnish actress (b.
1872 )
November 10 –
Charlotte Despard , Anglo-Irish suffragist, socialist, pacifist, Sinn Féin activist, and novelist
[157]
November 11 –
Alicja Kotowska , Polish
Roman Catholic nun, martyr and blessed (b.
1899 )
November 12 –
Norman Bethune , Canadian humanitarian (b.
1890 )
November 13 –
Lois Weber , American actress (b.
1881 )
[158]
November 15
November 17 –
Aurelio Mosquera , Ecuadorian politician, 25th
President of Ecuador (b.
1883 )
November 21 –
Émile Guépratte , French admiral (b.
1856 )
[159]
November 22 – King
Daudi Cwa II of Buganda (b.
1896 )
November 24 –
John Harron , American actor (b.
1903 )
November 28 –
James Naismith , Canadian inventor of basketball (b.
1861 )
[160] He was 78 years old.
[161]
November 29
December
Douglas Fairbanks
December 3 –
Princess Louise, Duchess of Argyll , second youngest daughter of
Queen Victoria (b.
1848 )
December 5 –
Santiago Iglesias , Puerto Rican statesman (b.
1872 )
December 8
December 12 –
Douglas Fairbanks , American actor, father of
Douglas Fairbanks Jr. (b.
1883 )
December 14 –
Helene Kröller-Müller , Dutch museum founder and art collector (b.
1869 )
[162]
December 16 –
Juan Demóstenes Arosemena , 18th
President of Panama (b.
1879 )
December 18 –
Bruno Liljefors , Swedish artist (b.
1860 )
December 19
December 20 –
Hans Langsdorff , German naval officer (suicide) (b.
1894 )
December 22 –
Ma Rainey , African-American blues singer (b.
1886 )
December 23
December 24 –
Walter Gordon , German physicist (b.
1893 )
December 25 –
Ivan Dmitriyevich Borisov , Soviet aircraft pilot (b.
1913 )
December 27 –
Rinaldo Cuneo , American artist ("the painter of San Francisco") (b.
1877 )
December 31 –
Sir Frank Benson , British actor (b.
1858 )
Nobel Prizes
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External links