From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Calendar year
Wikimedia Commons has media related to
1883 .
An
1888
lithograph of the
1883 eruption of Krakatoa .
1883 (
MDCCCLXXXIII ) was a
common year starting on Monday of the
Gregorian calendar and a
common year starting on Saturday of the
Julian calendar , the 1883rd year of the
Common Era (CE) and
Anno Domini (AD) designations, the 883rd year of the
2nd millennium , the 83rd year of the
19th century , and the 4th year of the
1880s decade. As of the start of 1883, the Gregorian calendar was 12 days ahead of the Julian calendar, which remained in localized use until 1923.
Calendar year
Events
February 16 :
Ladies Home Journal begins (photo 1906).
January–March
January 4 –
Life magazine is founded in Los Angeles, California, United States.
January 10 – A
fire at the Newhall Hotel in
Milwaukee , Wisconsin, United States, kills 73 people.
January 16 – The
Pendleton Civil Service Reform Act , establishing the
United States civil service , is passed.
January 19 – The first electric lighting system employing overhead wires begins service in
Roselle, New Jersey , United States, installed by
Thomas Edison .
February –
The Adventures of Pinocchio by
Carlo Collodi is first published complete in book form, in Italy.
February 15 – Tokyo Electrical Lightning Grid, predecessor of Tokyo Electrical Power (
TEPCO ), one of the largest
electrical grids in
Asia and the world, is founded in Japan.
[1]
February 16 – The
Ladies' Home Journal is published for the first time, in the United States.
[2]
February 23 –
Alabama becomes the first U.S. state to enact an
antitrust law .
February 28 – The first
vaudeville theater is opened, in
Boston ,
Massachusetts .
March 2 – The
Hong Kong Observatory is established.
[3]
March 20 – The
Paris Convention for the Protection of Industrial Property is held.
[4]
March 28 –
Battle of Gia Cuc : A French force defeats the Vietnamese in northern
Vietnam in the run-up to the
Sino-French War .
April–June
May 24 :
Brooklyn Bridge is opened.
July–September
July 3 – The
SS Daphne sinks on launch in
Glasgow , Scotland, leaving 124 dead.
[6]
July 4 – The world's first
rodeo is held in
Pecos, Texas .
July 22 –
Zulu King
Cetshwayo barely escapes a rebel attack with his life.
August –
King William's College is opened on the
Isle of Man .
August 12 – The last
quagga dies at the
Artis Magistra zoo in
Amsterdam .
August 21 –
1883 Rochester tornado : An F5 tornado strikes
Rochester, Minnesota , leading to the creation of the
Mayo Clinic .
August 26 –
27 –
1883 eruption of Krakatoa : The
volcanic
island of
Krakatoa erupts at 10:02 AM (local time); 163 villages are destroyed, 36,417 killed by tsunami.
August 29 –
Dunfermline Carnegie Library , the first
Carnegie library , is opened in
Andrew Carnegie 's hometown,
Dunfermline , Scotland.
September 1 –
Pope Leo XIII publishes the encyclical
Supremi apostolatus officio ("On Devotion of the Rosary").
September 11 – Major
Evelyn Baring becomes
Consul-General of
Egypt under British rule .
September 15
September 29 – A consortium of flour mill operators in
Minneapolis forms the
Minneapolis, Sault Ste. Marie and Atlantic Railway , as a means to get their product to the
Great Lakes ports, avoiding the high tariffs of Chicago.
October–December
October 1
October 4
October 15 – The
Supreme Court of the United States declares part of the
Civil Rights Act of 1875 to be unconstitutional, allowing individuals and corporations to discriminate based on
race .
October 20 –
Peru and
Chile sign the
Treaty of Ancón , by which the
Tarapacá province is ceded to Chile, ending Peru's involvement in the
War of the Pacific .
October 22 – The
Mödling and Hinterbrühl Tram in Vienna (Austria) is the first
electric tram powered by
overhead wire .
October 24 –
Cardiff University , Wales, opens (under the name of University College of South Wales and Monmouthshire).
October 30 – Two
Clan na Gael
dynamite bombs explode in the
London Underground , injuring several people. The next day, British
Home Secretary
Vernon Harcourt drafts 300 policemen to guard the underground, and introduces the Explosives Bill.
November 3
November 14 –
Chile's National Library of Congress is founded.
November 18 – U.S. and Canadian railroads institute 5 standard continental
time zones , ending the confusion of thousands of
local times .
November 28 –
Whitman College is chartered as a 4-year college in
Walla Walla, Washington .
December 1 –
Battleford Industrial School , the first government-operated
Indian residential school opens in Canada.
December 5 –
Bisbee Massacre : Five people are killed in the robbery of a general store by bandits in
Bisbee, Arizona .
[7]
December 16 –
Tonkin Campaign : French forces capture the
Sơn Tây citadel.
December 21 – The
Royal Canadian Dragoons and The
Royal Canadian Regiment , the first Permanent Force cavalry and infantry regiments of the Canadian Army, are formed.
December 26 –
The Harbour Grace Affray takes place in
Harbour Grace ,
Colony of Newfoundland .
Date unknown
German
bacteriologist
Robert Koch discovers the
cholera
bacillus .
Antoni Gaudí begins to work on the
Sagrada Família Cathedral in
Barcelona (it will be
consecrated in
2010 ).
Construction of
Speicherstadt as a
free zone in the
Port of Hamburg begins.
During construction of the
Canadian Pacific Railway in 1883, blasting and excavation reveal high concentrations of
nickel –
copper
ore at
Murray Mine , on the edge of the
Sudbury Basin , located near
Sudbury, Ontario , Canada.
Otto von Bismarck pushes the first social security law through the
Reichstag .
The
British Parliament considers a major bill to allow Indian judges to try Europeans in India. The British community rises in protest, and defeats the measure.
The Mexican government passes a law allowing real estate companies (controlled by General
Porfirio Díaz 's political associates) to survey public and "vacant" lands, and to retain one third of the land they survey.
Bernard Kroger establishes the first
Kroger
grocery store , in
Cincinnati ,
Ohio .
The first
purebred
Percheron (horse)
stud book is created in France.
ASEA is founded by Ludvig Fredholm in
Sweden , predecessor of the global electronic equipment and engineering business
ABB .
[8]
Founding of:
Births
January–February
Ichirō Hatoyama
Clement Attlee
Aleksei Nikolaevich Tolstoy
Karl Jaspers
January 1 –
Ichirō Hatoyama ,
Prime Minister of Japan (d.
1959 )
January 3 –
Clement Attlee ,
Prime Minister of the United Kingdom (d.
1967 )
January 4 –
Johanna Westerdijk , Dutch plant pathologist (d.
1961 )
January 5 –
Döme Sztójay ,
Prime Minister of Hungary (d.
1946 )
January 6 –
Kahlil Gibran , Lebanese poet, painter and novelist (d.
1931 )
January 10
January 16 –
Oswald Short , English aircraft manufacturer (d.
1969 )
January 19 –
Waite Phillips , American businessman, philanthropist (d.
1964
January 20 –
Bertram Ramsay , British admiral (d.
1945 )
[10]
February 8 –
Joseph Schumpeter , Austrian economist (d.
1950 )
[11]
February 15 –
Sax Rohmer , English author (d.
1959 )
February 16 –
Koshirō Oikawa , Japanese admiral (d.
1958 )
February 22
February 23 –
Karl Jaspers , German philosopher (d.
1969 )
February 28 –
Gheorghe Argeșanu , Romanian general and politician, 40th
Prime Minister of Romania (d.
1940 )
March–April
Maude Fealy
Stanley Bruce
March 2 –
Nikos Kazantzakis , Greek writer (d.
1957 )
March 3 –
Cyril Burt , British educational psychologist (d.
1971 )
March 4
March 7 –
Michael Somogyi , Hungarian-American biochemist (d.
1971 )
March 19
March 24 –
Dorothy Campbell , Scottish golfer (d.
1945 )
April 1
April 3 –
Henry Diesen , Norwegian admiral (d.
1953 )
April 5 –
Walter Huston , Canadian-born American actor (d.
1950 )
April 11 –
Leonard Mudie , English actor (d.
1965 )
April 12 –
Dally Messenger , Australian rugby league player (d.
1959 )
April 15 –
Stanley Bruce , 8th
Prime Minister of Australia (d.
1967 )
April 25 –
Semyon Budyonny , Cossack cavalryman, Marshal of the Soviet Union (d.
1973 )
April 30 –
Jaroslav Hašek , Czech writer (d.
1923 )
[12]
May–June
Eleazar López Contreras
José Ortega y Gasset
Celâl Bayar
Walter Gropius
Eurico Gaspar Dutra
Douglas Fairbanks
Victor Franz Hess
Pierre Laval
May 1 –
Tom Moore , Irish-American actor (d.
1955 )
May 5
May 9 –
José Ortega y Gasset , Spanish philosopher (d.
1955 )
May 10 –
Eugen Leviné , Communist leader of the
Munich Soviet Republic (d.
1919 )
May 16
May 18
May 23 –
Douglas Fairbanks , American actor (d.
1939 )
May 24 –
Elsa Maxwell , American gossip columnist, international party giver (d.
1963 )
May 25 –
Lesley J. McNair , American general (d.
1944 )
May 27 –
Jessie Arms Botke , American artist (d.
1971 )
May 28 –
Vinayak Damodar Savarkar , Indian pro-independence activist, Hindu nationalist (d.
1966 )
May 31 –
Lauri Kristian Relander ,
President of Finland (d.
1942 )
June 5
June 7 –
Sylvanus Morley , American scholar, World War I spy (d.
1948 )
June 11 –
Aubrey Fitch , American admiral (d.
1978 )
June 18 –
Mary Alden , American stage, screen actress (d.
1946 )
June 20 –
Royal E. Ingersoll , American admiral (d.
1976 )
June 24 –
Victor Francis Hess , Austrian-born American physicist,
Nobel Prize laureate (d.
1964 )
June 28 –
Pierre Laval ,
Prime Minister of France (d.
1945 )
June 29 –
Lothrop Stoddard , American
eugenicist , radical scientific racist (d.
1950 )
July–August
Franz Kafka
Max Fleischer
Benito Mussolini
Coco Chanel
July 1 –
István Friedrich , 24th Prime Minister of Hungary (d.
1951 )
July 3 –
Franz Kafka , Austrian writer (d.
1924 )
July 4 –
Rube Goldberg , American cartoonist (d.
1970 )
July 6 –
Godfrey Huggins , English-born Rhodesian politician and physician,
Prime Minister of Rhodesia (d.
1971 )
July 10 –
Johannes Blaskowitz , German general (d.
1948 )
July 16 –
Charles Sheeler , American photographer, artist (d.
1965 )
July 19
July 20 –
Catherine Bramwell-Booth , English Salvation Army officer (d.
1987 )
July 23
July 25 –
Alfredo Casella , Italian composer (d.
1947 )
July 26 –
Edwin Balmer , American science fiction, mystery writer (d.
1959 )
July 29
July 31 –
Ramón Fonst , Cuban fencer (d. 1959)
August 2 –
Aurelio Mosquera , Ecuadorian politician, 25th
President of Ecuador (d.
1939 )
August 6 –
Scott Nearing , American political activist, economist, and simple living advocate (d.
1983 )
August 9 –
Chester Gillette , American murderer (d.
1908 )
August 12
August 15 –
Ivan Meštrović , Croatian sculptor and architect (d.
1962 )
August 19
August 23
August 30 –
Theo van Doesburg , Dutch artist, painter, architect, and poet (d.
1931 )
September–October
Mel Sheppard
Otto Heinrich Warburg
September 2 –
Rudolf Weigl , Polish biologist (d.
1957 )
September 5 –
Mel Sheppard , American Olympic athlete (d.
1942 )
September 13 –
August Zaleski , 6th
President of Poland (d.
1972 )
September 15 –
Esteban Terradas i Illa , Catalan mathematician, scientist, and engineer (d.
1950 )
September 28 –
Berta Pīpiņa , Latvian politician (d.
1942 )
October 2 –
Karl von Terzaghi , Austrian civil engineer and "father of soil mechanics" (d.
1963 )
October 5 –
Joseph Hubert Priestley , British botanist (d.
1944 )
[17]
October 8 –
Otto Heinrich Warburg , German physician and physiologist,
Nobel Prize laureate (d.
1970 )
October 15 –
Robert L. Ghormley , American admiral (d.
1958 )
October 26 –
Paul Pilgrim , American athlete (d.
1958 )
October 30 –
Bob Jones Sr. , American evangelist, religious broadcaster, and founder of
Bob Jones University (d.
1968 )
October 31 –
Anthony Wilding , New Zealand tennis player (d.
1915 )
November–December
Diego Martínez Barrio
November 4 –
Nikolaos Plastiras , Greek general and politician (d.
1953 )
November 8 –
Arnold Bax , English composer (d.
1953 )
November 9 –
Edna May Oliver , American stage and film character actress (d.
1942 )
November 11 –
Ernest Ansermet , Swiss conductor (d.
1969 )
November 14 –
Ado Birk , 3rd Prime Minister of Estonia (d.
1942 )
November 18
November 25
November 26 –
Belle da Costa Greene , American librarian, bibliographer, and archivist (d.
1950 )
November 29
December 3 –
Anton Webern , Austrian composer (d.
1945 )
December 9
December 10 –
Giovanni Messe , Italian field marshal and politician (d.
1968 )
December 12 –
Maxey Dell Moody , American businessman and founder of
M. D. Moody & Sons, Inc. (d.
1949 )
December 14 –
Morihei Ueshiba , Japanese martial artist and founder of aikido (d.
1969 )
December 16 –
Max Linder , French actor (d.
1925 )
December 22 –
Edgard Varèse , French composer (d.
1965 )
December 25 –
Hugo Bergmann , German and Israeli Jewish philosopher (d.
1975 )
December 26 –
Maurice Utrillo , French artist and illustrator (d.
1955 )
December 28 –
Lloyd Fredendall , American general (d.
1963 )
December 29 –
Forrest Taylor , American stage, film and television actor (d.
1965 )
Date unknown
Deaths
January–June
Richard Wagner
Keʻelikōlani
Karl Marx
Édouard Manet
January 4 –
Antoine Chanzy , French general and colonial governor (b.
1823 )
January 8 –
Miska Magyarics ,
Slovene poet in Hungary (b.
1825 )
January 10
January 17 –
Matilde Diez , Spanish actress (b.
1818 )
[20]
January 23 –
Gustave Doré , French artist (b.
1832 )
January 24 –
Friedrich von Flotow , German composer (b.
1812 )
February 13 –
Richard Wagner , German composer (b.
1813 )
February 15 –
Prince Kachō Hiroatsu of Japan (b.
1875 )
February 17
February 18 –
Francis Abbott , Australian astronomer (b.
1799 )
March 4 –
Alexander Hamilton Stephens ,
Vice President of the Confederate States of America (b.
1812 )
March 14 –
Karl Marx , German communist philosopher (b.
1818 )
March 20 –
Charles Lasègue , French physician (b.
1816 )
March 21 –
Grigol Orbeliani , Georgian poet and soldier (b.
1804 )
March 27 –
John Brown , Scottish personal servant and favourite of Queen Victoria (b.
1826 )
March 28 –
Napoleon Bonaparte Buford , American general and railroad executive (b.
1807 )
April 4 –
Peter Cooper , American industrialist, inventor and philanthropist (b.
1791 )
April 13 –
Archduchess Maria Antonietta of Austria, Princess of Tuscany (b.
1858 )
[21]
April 15 –
Frederick Francis II, Grand Duke of Mecklenburg-Schwerin (b.
1823 )
April 16 –
Charles II, Duke of Parma (b.
1799 )
April 26 –
Napoleon Orda , Belarusian composer and artist (b.
1807 )
April 30 –
Édouard Manet , French painter (b.
1832 )
May 6 –
Cecilia Fryxell , Swedish educational pioneer (b.
1806 )
[22]
May 24 –
Keʻelikōlani , princess of Hawaii (b.
1826 )
[23]
May 26 –
Abdelkader El Djezairi , Algerian leader (b.
1808 )
June 6 –
Ciprian Porumbescu , Romanian composer (b. 1853)
June 11 –
Caroline Leigh Gascoigne , English writer (b. 1813)
June 20 –
John Colenso , English-born mathematician and theologian, Bishop of Natal (b.
1814 )
June 26 –
Edward Sabine , Irish astronomer (b.
1788 )
July–December
Carl Wilhelm Siemens
July 15 –
General Tom Thumb , American circus performer and entertainer (b.
1838 )
July 22 –
Edward Ord , U.S. Army officer (b.
1818 )
July 23 –
Rose Massey , English actress (b.
1851 ?)
July 24 –
Matthew Webb , English sailor, first recorded person to swim the English Channel without the use of artificial aids (b.
1848 )
July 27 –
Montgomery Blair , American politician (b.
1813 )
July 28 –
Carlo Pellion di Persano , Italian admiral and politician (b.
1806 )
August 24 –
Henri, Count of Chambord , pretender to the French throne (b.
1820 )
August 25 –
Louise Lateau , Belgian mystic and stigmatist (b.
1850 )
September 3 –
Ivan Turgenev , Russian writer (b.
1818 )
September 10 –
Otto Pius Hippius , Baltic German architect (b.
1826 )
September 17 –
Junius Brutus Booth Jr. , American actor and theatre manager (b.
1821 )
October 5 –
Joachim Barrande , French palaeontologist (b.
1799 )
October 14 –
Sir Arthur Elton, 7th Baronet , English writer and Liberal Party politician (b.
1818 )
October 20 –
George Chichester, 3rd Marquess of Donegall , Anglo-Irish landowner, courtier and politician (b.
1797 )
October 22 –
Thomas Mayne Reid , Irish-American novelist (b.
1818 )
October 30
November 19 –
Carl Wilhelm Siemens , German engineer (b.
1823 )
November 20 –
Tenshoin , wife of 13th Shōgun of Japan,
Tokugawa Iesada (b.
1836 )
November 29 –
Elisabeth Dieudonné Vincent , Haitian-born migrant and free woman of colour (b.
1798 )
December 13 –
Victor de Laprade , French poet and critic (b.
1812 )
December 27 –
Andrew A. Humphreys , American general and civil engineer (b.
1810 )
Dates unknown
Margaret Agnes Bunn
References
^
ja:東京配電#沿革 (Japanese language edition) Retrieved on July 12, 2020.
^
"Top 100 U.S. Magazines by Circulation" (PDF) . PSA Research Center . Archived from
the original (PDF) on November 15, 2016. Retrieved February 6, 2016 .
^
"History of the Hong Kong Observatory" . Hong Kong Observatory. May 20, 2011. Archived from
the original on January 11, 2019. Retrieved August 7, 2011 .
^ World Intellectual Property Organization (1983).
The Paris Convention for the Protection of Industrial Property from 1883 to 1983 . WIPO.
ISBN
978-92-805-0099-8 .
^
"History of melrose sevens" . Archived from
the original on February 18, 2014. Retrieved March 2, 2014 .
^
"SS Daphne" . Clydebuilt Database . Archived from
the original on July 7, 2006. Retrieved June 23, 2014 .
^ "Bisbee Massacre", in The Encyclopedia of Lawmen, Outlaws, and Gunfighters , Leon Claire Metz, ed. (Infobase Publishing, 2002) p25.
^
Glete, Jan (1987). Asea under hundra år: 1883-1983 . Västerås. {{
cite book }}
: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (
link )
^ Stanley Hochman (1984). McGraw-Hill Encyclopedia of World Drama: An International Reference Work in 5 Volumes . McGraw-Hill. p. 31.
^ Farrell, Brian P. (May 19, 2011).
"Ramsay, Sir Bertram Home (1883–1945), naval officer" .
Oxford Dictionary of National Biography (online ed.). Oxford University Press.
doi :
10.1093/ref:odnb/35661 . Retrieved September 5, 2019 . (Subscription or
UK public library membership required.)
^ Humphrey, Thomas M. (2008).
"Schumpeter, Joseph (1883–1950)" . In
Hamowy, Ronald (ed.). Schumpeter, Joseph (1893–1950) . The Encyclopedia of Libertarianism . Thousand Oaks, CA: SAGE Publications; Cato Institute. pp. 452–455.
doi :
10.4135/9781412965811.n276 .
ISBN
978-1412965804 .
LCCN
2008009151 .
OCLC
750831024 .
^ Patrick, Julian (2009).
501 great writers : A comprehensive guide to the giants of literature . Apple. p. 287.
ISBN
9781845433109 .
^ Watson, Fiona R. (2004).
"Young, Mary Helen (1883–1945), nurse and resistance worker" .
Oxford Dictionary of National Biography (online ed.). Oxford University Press.
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10.1093/ref:odnb/73212 .
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UK public library membership required.)
^
Ubaldo Soddu on
[1] , Access date 24 February 2020
^
"Official US Air Force biography" . Archived from
the original on December 12, 2012. Retrieved December 12, 2022 .
^
"Coco Chanel | Biography, Fashion, Designs, Perfume, & Facts" . Encyclopedia Britannica . Retrieved February 19, 2021 .
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Who's Who (96th ed.). New York:
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^ Bercin-Drăghicescu, Adina; Dorin, Lozovanu; Virgil, Coman (2012).
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^
"SPYBUCK, ERNEST (1883–1949)" . Digital.library.okstate.edu . Oklahoma State University. Retrieved August 30, 2010 .
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^
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^ Miss SKBL name as parameter
^ Damon, Samuel C. (1883).
"The Friend" . Vol. 32, no. 7. S.C. Damon. p. 60.
Further reading and year books
1883 Annual Cyclopedia (1884) online ; highly detailed coverage of "Political, Military, and Ecclesiastical Affairs; Public Documents; Biography, Statistics, Commerce, Finance, Literature, Science, Agriculture, and Mechanical Industry" for 1883; massive compilation of facts and primary documents; worldwide coverage. 897pp