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This article is about the year 1809. For the Swedish/Finnish government
project, see
Year 1809 .
Calendar year
Wikimedia Commons has media related to
1809 .
January 16 :
Battle of Corunna
1809 (
MDCCCIX ) was a
common year starting on Sunday of the
Gregorian calendar and a
common year starting on Friday of the
Julian calendar , the 1809th year of the
Common Era (CE) and
Anno Domini (AD) designations, the 809th year of the
2nd millennium , the 9th year of the
19th century , and the 10th and last year of the
1800s decade. As of the start of 1809, the Gregorian calendar was 12 days ahead of the Julian calendar, which remained in localized use until 1923.
Calendar year
Events
January–March
February 11 :
Robert Fulton patents
steamboat
April–June
April 9 –
Tiroleans
rise , under the command of
Andreas Hofer , against French and
Bavarian occupation.
April 10 –
Napoleonic Wars – The
War of the Fifth Coalition begins when forces of the
Austrian Empire invade
Bavaria .
April 11 –
15 –
Napoleonic Wars –
Battle of the Basque Roads : The British
Royal Navy defeats the French fleet in the mouth of the
Charente , although officers on both sides face subsequent
courts-martial .
April 18 – The
2,000 Guineas Stakes horse race is first run in England.
[3]
April 19 – War of the Fifth Coalition:
April 20 –
Battle of Abensberg ,
Bavaria :
Napoleon defeats Austria.
April 22 –
Battle of Eckmühl : French troops under Napoleon I and Marshal
Davout defeat the Austrians, under
Archduke Charles .
May 3 – The
Battle of Nimla occurs, which allows
Mahmud Shah Durrani to seize the
Durrani throne from his brother,
Shah Shuja Durrani .
May 5
May 10 –
Gustav IV Adolf is officially deposed from the Swedish throne, by the
Riksdag of the Estates .
May 10 –
11 –
Peninsular War –
Battle of Grijó : the
Anglo-Portuguese Army , commanded by
Sir Arthur Wellesley , defeats the French army, commanded by
Marshal Soult , in Portugal.
May 12 – Peninsular War –
Second Battle of Porto : The Anglo-Portuguese Army, commanded by Wellesley, drives the French army, commanded by Marshal Soult, out of
Porto , and forces them to retreat from the country.
May 17 –
Napoleon I of France orders the annexation of the
Papal States to the French Empire. When he announces that the Pope's secular power has ended, the Pope
excommunicates him.
May 21 –
Battle of Aspern-Essling : Austrian troops under
Archduke Karl beat the French under
Napoleon , in a hard-fought battle.
May 24 –
Dartmoor Prison opens in England, to house French prisoners of war.
[5]
May 31 –
Mauritius campaign of 1809–11 –
Action of 31 May 1809 in the
Bay of Bengal : The
French frigate Caroline , operating from
Isle de France (Mauritius) , captures most of a British
East India Company fleet; The famous composer
Joseph Haydn dies in
Vienna at age 77 following Napoleon’s second siege of Vienna
June 6 – Sweden promulgates a new
Instrument of Government , which restores political power to the
Riksdag of the Estates , after authoritarian rule since
1772 . On the same day,
Duke Charles (uncle of the deposed king Gustav IV Adolf) is elected King, under the name Charles XIII.
June 7 –
Shoja Shah of the
Durrani Empire signs a treaty with the British; only weeks later, he is succeeded by
Mahmud Shah .
June 14 – A French victory, in the
battle of Raab , prevents
archduke John of Austria from bringing any significant force to the
battle of Wagram .
July–September
Lord Castlereagh by
Thomas Lawrence . The Irish politician fought a duel with his colleague
George Canning on
Putney Heath .
October–December
Date unknown
Births
January–June
Abraham Lincoln and Charles Darwin, b. February 12, 1809
Louis Braille
Edgar Allan Poe
Queen Sinjeong
Felix Mendelssohn
Georges-Eugène Haussmann
January 1 –
Cao Bá Quát , Vietnamese poet (d.
1855 )
January 4 –
Louis Braille , French teacher, inventor of
braille (d.
1852 )
January 6 –
Marie Durocher , Brazilian obstetrician, physician (d.
1893 )
January 15
January 19 –
Edgar Allan Poe , American writer, poet (d.
1849 )
[7]
January 21 –
Queen Sinjeong , Korean regent (d.
1890 )
February 1 –
Sophia Crichton-Stuart, Marchioness of Bute , Scottish philanthropist (d.
1859 )
[8]
February 3 –
Felix Mendelssohn , German composer (d.
1847 )
[9]
February 12
February 15 –
Cyrus McCormick , American inventor (d.
1884 )
February 23 –
William Sprague , American minister and politician from Michigan (d.
1868 )
February 24 –
Edwin Freiherr von Manteuffel , Prussian field marshal (d.
1885 )
March 1 –
Robert Cornelius ,
American pioneer of photography (d
1893 )
[12]
March 2 –
Abel Douay , French general (d.
1870 )
March 15 –
Joseph Jenkins Roberts , 2-time President of Liberia (d.
1876 )
March 23 –
Charlotte von Hagn , German actress (d.
1891 )
[13]
March 24 –
Joseph Liouville , French mathematician (d.
1882 )
March 27 –
Georges-Eugène Haussmann , French civic planner (d.
1891 )
March 29 –
Bettino Ricasoli , Italian statesman (d.
1880 )
April 1 –
Nikolai Gogol , Russian writer (d.
1852 )
[14]
April 15 –
Hermann Grassmann , Prussian mathematician (d.
1877 )
April 20 –
James David Forbes , Scottish physicist, geologist, inventor (d.
1868 )
May 22 –
Constantin A. Crețulescu , 7th Prime Minister of Romania (d.
1884 )
May 23 –
Hugo von Kirchbach , Prussian general (d.
1887 )
June 4
June 8 –
Richard Wigginton Thompson , American politician (d.
1900 )
June 11 –
Juan Antonio Pezet , Peruvian general and politician,
President of Peru (d.
1879 )
June 18 –
Stephen Greenleaf Bulfinch , American minister, hymn writer (d
1870 )
June 20 –
Isaak August Dorner , German theologian (d.
1884 )
June 27 –
François Certain de Canrobert , French general,
Marshal of France (d.
1895 )
July–December
Alfred, Lord Tennyson
Fanny Kemble
Oliver Wendell Holmes Sr.
William Gladstone
July 2 –
John R. Goldsborough , United States Navy commodore (d.
1877 )
July 9 –
Friedrich Gustav Jakob Henle , German-Jewish anatomist, physician (d.
1885 )
July 16 –
Konstantin Bernhard von Voigts-Rhetz , Prussian general (d.
1877 )
July 31 –
Francis Walker , English entomologist (d.
1874 )
August 6 –
Alfred, Lord Tennyson , British poet (d.
1892 )
[15]
August 8 –
Heinrich Abeken , German theologian (d.
1872 )
August 29 –
Oliver Wendell Holmes Sr. , American physician, writer (d.
1894 )
[16]
September 4 –
Manuel Montt , 5th President of Chile (d.
1880 )
[17]
September 12 –
Julius von Bose , Prussian general (d.
1894 )
November 4 –
Benjamin Robbins Curtis ,
Associate Justice of the Supreme Court of the United States (d.
1874 )
November 10 –
David Einhorn (rabbi) , German-American abolitionist (d.
1879 )
November 20 –
Gustav Koerner , German-born revolutionary, journalist, lawyer, politician, statesman of Illinois and Germany, Colonel of the U.S. Army (d.
1896 )
November 27 –
Fanny Kemble , British-born American actress, writer (d.
1893 )
December 5
December 24 –
Kit Carson , American frontiersman (d.
1868 )
December 29 –
William Ewart Gladstone ,
Prime Minister of the United Kingdom (d.
1898 )
[19]
December 30 –
Wilhelm von Tümpling , Prussian general (d.
1884 )
Date unknown
Deaths
January–June
Joseph Haydn
Thomas Paine
Daniel Lambert
January 6 –
Johann Augustus Eberhard , German theologian, philosopher (b.
1739 )
January 16 –
John Moore , British general (killed in battle) (b.
1761 )
[21]
February 6 –
Antoine Joseph Santerre , French general (b.
1752 )
February 20 –
Richard Gough , English antiquary (b.
1735 )
February 25 –
John Murray , 4th Earl of Dunmore (Lord Dunmore)(b.
1730 )
March 7 –
Johann Georg Albrechtsberger , Austrian composer (b.
1736 )
March 11 –
Hannah Cowley , English dramatist and poet (b.
1743 )
[22]
March 18 –
Karoline Kaulla , German banker (b.
1739 )
March 20 –
Mary Bateman , English woman executed for murder, known as the Yorkshire Witch
March 25 –
Anna Seward , English writer (b.
1747 )
[23]
March 27 –
Joseph-Marie Vien , French painter (b.
1716 )
April 6 –
Jean-Pierre Saint-Ours , Swiss artist (b.
1752 )
April 26 –
Bernhard Schott , German music publisher (b.
1748 )
[24]
May 13 –
Beilby Porteus , English bishop, abolitionist (b.
1731 )
May 17 –
Leopold Auenbrugger , Austrian physician (b.
1722 )
May 24 –
Charles Rainsford , British general (b.
1728 )
May 29 –
Johannes von Müller , Swiss historian (b.
1752 )
May 31
June 4 –
Nicolai Abildgaard , Danish painter (b.
1743 )
June 8 –
Thomas Paine , American revolutionary writer (b.
1737 )
[25]
June 15 –
Sir George Baker, 1st Baronet , British physician (b.
1722 )
June 21 –
Daniel Lambert , English
gaol keeper and animal breeder, famous for his unusually large size (b.
1770 )
July–December
Matthew Boulton
July 6 –
Antoine Charles Louis de Lasalle , French cavalry general (killed in battle) (b.
1775 )
July 22 –
Jean Senebier , Swiss pastor, botanist (b.
1742 )
August 8 –
Ueda Akinari , Japanese author, scholar (b.
1734 )
August 18 –
Matthew Boulton , English manufacturer, engineer (b.
1728 )
[26]
August 29 –
Lucy Barnes , American writer (b.
1780 )
September 1 –
Johann Friedrich August Göttling , German chemist (b.
1753 )
September 3 –
George Coventry, 6th Earl of Coventry , English noble and politician (b.
1722 )
September 7
October 8 –
James Elphinston , Scottish philologist (b.
1721 )
October 11 –
Meriwether Lewis , American explorer (suicide) (b.
1774 )
October 30 –
William Cavendish-Bentinck, 3rd Duke of Portland ,
Prime Minister of the United Kingdom (b.
1738 )
[28]
November 28 –
Jakob Heinrich Laspeyres , German
lepidopterist (b.
1769 )
December 16 –
Antoine François, comte de Fourcroy , French chemist (b.
1755 )
References
^
"Robert Fulton patented the steamboat in 1809" . Thinkfinity . Verizon. Archived from
the original on July 24, 2011. Retrieved April 15, 2011 .
^
"The Fulton Patents" . Today in Science History . Retrieved April 15, 2011 .
^
a
b Palmer, Alan; Palmer, Veronica (1992). The Chronology of British History . London: Century Ltd. pp. 243–244.
ISBN
0-7126-5616-2 .
^
"Mary Kies - Patenting Pioneer" . About.com . Archived from
the original on July 10, 2012. Retrieved May 14, 2007 .
^ Penguin Pocket On This Day . Penguin Reference Library. 2006.
ISBN
0-14-102715-0 .
^
"The Boyd incident - a frontier of chaos?" . New Zealand History online . Ministry for Culture and Heritage. December 7, 2011. Retrieved March 3, 2012 .
^ John Henry Ingram (1891).
Edgar Allan Poe: His Life, Letters, and Opinions . Ward, Lock, Bowden. p. 449.
^ The Gentleman's Magazine . F. Jefferies. 1860. p. 181.
^ Conway, David (2012). Jewry in Music: Entry to the Profession from the Enlightenment to Richard Wagner . Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. p. 194.
ISBN
978-1-107-01538-8 .
^ Desmond, Adrian J. (September 13, 2002).
"Charles Darwin" . Encyclopædia Britannica .
Archived from the original on February 6, 2018. Retrieved February 11, 2018 .
^
Donald, David Herbert (1996).
Lincoln . New York, New York: Simon and Schuster. pp. 20–22.
ISBN
978-0-684-82535-9 .
^ American Journal of Photography, Volume 14 . Thos. H. McCollin & Company. 1893. p. 420.
^ (in German) Ulrike von Hase-Schmundt: Joseph Stieler : 1781 – 1858. Sein Leben u. sein Werk. Krit. Verzeichnis d. Werke . Prestel, München 1971,
ISBN
3-7913-0340-6 , S. 148 f
^ Nicholas Worrall (November 4, 1982).
Nikolai Gogol and Ivan Turgenev . Macmillan International Higher Education. p. 2.
ISBN
978-1-349-16917-7 . [
permanent dead link ]
^
Leslie, Stephen (1898).
"Life of Tennyson" . Studies of a Biographer . Vol. 2. London: Duckworth and Co. pp. 196–240.
^ John R. Shook (January 1, 2005).
Dictionary of Modern American Philosophers . A&C Black. p. 1148.
ISBN
978-1-84371-037-0 .
^
The Encyclopædia Britannica: A Dictionary of Arts, Sciences, and General Literature, with New Maps and Original American Articles by Eminent Writers . Werner. 1895. p. 19.
^ Gregor-Dellin, Martin (1983), Richard Wagner—His Life, His Work, His Century , Harcourt.
ISBN
978-0-15-177151-6 Page 67
^ George William Erskine Russell (1891).
The Right Honourable William Ewart Gladstone . Harper & Brothers. p. 1.
^ Radu Florescu (1997).
The Struggle Against Russia in the Romanian Principalities: A Problem in Anglo-Turkish Diplomacy, 1821-1854 . Center for Romanian Studies, The Foundation for Romanian Culture and Studies. p. 204.
ISBN
978-973-98091-3-9 .
^
"Moore, Sir John" .
Encyclopædia Britannica . Vol. 18 (11th ed.). 1910. pp. 809–810.
^ William Harding (1845).
The History of Tiverton . p. 2.
^ Sir John Benjamin Stone (1870).
A history of Lichfield Cathedral. With a description of its architecture and monuments . p. 104.
^ Brück, Marion (2007),
"Schott, Peter Bernhard" ,
Neue Deutsche Biographie (in German), vol. 23, Berlin: Duncker & Humblot, pp. 486–487 ; (
full text online )
^ Thomas Paine (1879).
The Theological Works of Thomas Paine ...: The Whole Preceded by a Life of Paine . Belfords, Clarke & Company. p. 83.
^ H. W. Dickinson (October 31, 2010).
Matthew Boulton . Cambridge University Press. p. 193.
ISBN
978-1-108-01224-9 .
^ Daniel Whistler; Benjamin Berger (October 29, 2020).
The Schelling Reader . Bloomsbury Academic. p. 3.
ISBN
978-1-350-05332-8 .
^ William John Arthur Charles James Cavendish-Bentinck Duke of Portland; Charles Fairfax Murray (1894).
Catalogue of the Pictures Belonging to His Grace the Duke of Portland: At Welbeck Abbey, and in London. 1894 . Pr. at the Chiswick Press. p. 10.