From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Chemical compound
Milacemide (
INN )
[2] is an
MAO-B inhibitor and
glycine
prodrug .
[3] It has been studied for its effects on human memory and as a potential treatment for the symptoms of
Alzheimer's disease .
[4] Early clinical trials did not show positive results however,
[3] and the drug is now abandoned and it is sold as a nonprescription drug or supplement. While milacemide is not an
amino-acid , it acts similarly to
glycine in the brain.
[5]
References
^
"milacemide - Compound Summary" . PubChem Compound . USA: National Center for Biotechnology Information. 8 August 2005. Identifiers and Related Records. Retrieved 9 January 2012 .
^
"International Nonproprietary Names for Pharmaceutical Substances. Supplement to WHO Chronicle , 1983, Vol. 37, No. 6 (December). Recommended International Nonproprietary Names (Rec. INN): List 23" (PDF) . World Health Organization. p. 6. Retrieved 8 January 2016 .
^
a
b Dysken, MW; Mendels, J; LeWitt, P; Reisberg, B; Pomara, N; Wood, J; Skare, S; Fakouhi, JD; Herting, RL (May 1992). "Milacemide: a placebo-controlled study in senile dementia of the Alzheimer type". Journal of the American Geriatrics Society . 40 (5): 503–6.
doi :
10.1111/j.1532-5415.1992.tb02019.x .
PMID
1634705 .
S2CID
34816755 .
^ Harris, Carol Turkington ; foreword by Joseph R. (2002).
The encyclopedia of the brain and brain disorders (2nd ed.). New York, NY: Facts on File.
ISBN
0-8160-4774-X . Archived from
the original on 2014-03-03. Retrieved 2017-09-10 . {{
cite book }}
: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (
link )
^ Theodore I. Lidsky and Jay S. Schneider Phd, Brain Candy (2001).
Brain Candy . New York, United States Of America: Simon & Schuster.
ISBN
9780743218436 .
Receptor (
ligands )
GlyR Tooltip Glycine receptor
Positive modulators:
Alcohols (e.g.,
brometone ,
chlorobutanol (chloretone) ,
ethanol (alcohol) ,
tert -butanol (2M2P) ,
tribromoethanol ,
trichloroethanol ,
trifluoroethanol )
Alkylbenzene sulfonate
Anandamide
Barbiturates (e.g.,
pentobarbital ,
sodium thiopental )
Chlormethiazole
D12-116
Dihydropyridines (e.g.,
nicardipine )
Etomidate
Ginseng constituents (e.g.,
ginsenosides (e.g.,
ginsenoside-Rf ))
Glutamic acid (glutamate)
Ivermectin
Ketamine
Neuroactive steroids (e.g.,
alfaxolone ,
pregnenolone (eltanolone) ,
pregnenolone acetate ,
minaxolone ,
ORG-20599 )
Nitrous oxide
Penicillin G
Propofol
Tamoxifen
Tetrahydrocannabinol
Triclofos
Tropeines (e.g.,
atropine ,
bemesetron ,
cocaine ,
LY-278584 ,
tropisetron ,
zatosetron )
Volatiles /
gases (e.g.,
chloral hydrate ,
chloroform ,
desflurane ,
diethyl ether (ether) ,
enflurane ,
halothane ,
isoflurane ,
methoxyflurane ,
sevoflurane ,
toluene ,
trichloroethane (methyl chloroform) ,
trichloroethylene )
Xenon
Zinc
Antagonists:
2-Aminostrychnine
2-Nitrostrychnine
4-Phenyl-4-formyl-N-methylpiperidine
αEMBTL
Bicuculline
Brucine
Cacotheline
Caffeine
Colchicine
Colubrine
Cyanotriphenylborate
Dendrobine
Diaboline
Endocannabinoids (e.g.,
2-AG ,
anandamide (AEA) )
Gaboxadol (THIP)
Gelsemine
iso-THAZ
Isobutyric acid
Isonipecotic acid
Isostrychnine
Laudanosine
N-Methylbicuculline
N-Methylstrychnine
N,N-Dimethylmuscimol
Nipecotic acid
Pitrazepin
Pseudostrychnine
Quinolines (e.g.,
4-hydroxyquinoline ,
4-hydroxyquinoline-3-carboxylic acid ,
5,7-CIQA ,
7-CIQ ,
7-TFQ ,
7-TFQA )
RU-5135
Sinomenine
Strychnine
Thiocolchicoside
Tutin
Negative modulators:
Amiloride
Benzodiazepines (e.g.,
bromazepam ,
clonazepam ,
diazepam ,
flunitrazepam ,
flurazepam )
Corymine
Cyanotriphenylborate
Daidzein
Dihydropyridines (e.g.,
nicardipine ,
nifedipine ,
nitrendipine )
Furosemide
Genistein
Ginkgo constituents (e.g.,
bilobalide ,
ginkgolides (e.g.,
ginkgolide A ,
ginkgolide B ,
ginkgolide C ,
ginkgolide J ,
ginkgolide M ))
Imipramine
NBQX
Neuroactive steroids (e.g.,
3α-androsterone sulfate ,
3β-androsterone sulfate ,
deoxycorticosterone ,
DHEA sulfate ,
pregnenolone sulfate ,
progesterone )
Opioids (e.g.,
codeine ,
dextromethorphan ,
dextrorphan ,
levomethadone ,
levorphanol ,
morphine ,
oripavine ,
pethidine ,
thebaine )
Picrotoxin (i.e.,
picrotin and
picrotoxinin )
PMBA
Riluzole
Tropeines (e.g.,
bemesetron ,
LY-278584 ,
tropisetron ,
zatosetron )
Verapamil
Zinc
NMDAR Tooltip N-Methyl-D-aspartate receptor
Transporter (
blockers )
GlyT1 Tooltip Glycine transporter 1
GlyT2 Tooltip Glycine transporter 2
AMPAR Tooltip α-Amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazolepropionic acid receptor
KAR Tooltip Kainate receptor
NMDAR Tooltip N-Methyl-D-aspartate receptor