United States Capitol
The Forty-sixth United States Congress was a meeting of the legislative branch of the United States federal government, consisting of the
United States Senate and the
United States House of Representatives . It met in Washington, D.C. from March 4, 1879 to March 3, 1881 , during the last two years of the administration of
U.S. President
Rutherford B. Hayes .
The apportionment of seats in this House of Representatives was based on the
Ninth Census of the United States in 1870 . Both chambers had a
Democratic majority.
See also:
46th United States Congress
Dates of sessions
March 4, 1879 - March 3, 1881
First session: March 18, 1879 – July 1, 1879
Second session: December 1, 1879 - June 16, 1880
Third session: December 6, 1880 - March 3, 1881 — a
lame duck session
Previous congress:
45th Congress - state detail
Next congress:
47th Congress - state detail
Party summary
The count below identifies party affiliations at the beginning of the first session of this Congress, and includes members from vacancies and newly admitted states, when they were first seated. Changes resulting from subsequent replacements are shown below in the "Changes in membership" section.
Senate
TOTAL members: 76
House of Representatives
TOTAL members: 293
Leadership
Senate
House of Representatives
Membership detail by state
Senators were elected by the state legislatures every two years, with one-third beginning new six year terms with each Congress. Preceding the names in the list below are
Senate class numbers , which indicate the cycle of their election. In this Congress, Class 1 meant their term ended with this Congress, requiring reelection in 1880; Class 2 meant their term began in the last Congress, requiring reelection in 1882; and Class 3 meant their term began in this Congress, requiring reelection in 1884.
The names of members of the House of Representatives elected statewide on the
general ticket or otherwise at-large, are preceded by an "A/L," and the names of those elected from districts, whether plural or single member, are preceded by their district numbers.
Many of the congressional district numbers are linked to articles describing the district itself. Since the boundaries of the districts have changed often and substantially, the linked article may only describe the district as it exists today, and not as it was at the time of this Congress.
The list below is arranged by state, then by chamber. Senators are shown in order of seniority, House members in district order.
Alabama
Senate
House of Representatives (8 seats)
1 :
Thomas H. Herndon (1828-1883),
Democratic
2 :
Hilary A. Herbert (1834-1919),
Democratic
3 :
William J. Samford (1844-1901),
Democratic
4 :
Charles M. Shelley (1833-1907),
Democratic
5 :
Thomas Williams (1825-1903),
Democratic
6 :
Burwell B. Lewis (1838-1885),
Democratic …resigned October 1, 1880.
Newton N. Clements (1837-1900),
Democratic …elected to fill vacancy, seated December 8, 1880.
7 :
William H. Forney (1823-1894),
Democratic
8 :
William M. Lowe (1842-1882),
National Greenbacker
Arkansas
Senate
House of Representatives (4 seats)
California
Senate
House of Representatives (4 seats)
1 :
Horace Davis (1831-1916),
Republican …elected September 3, 1879, seated December 1, 1879.
2 :
Horace F. Page (1833-1890),
Republican …elected September 3, 1879, seated December 1, 1879.
3 :
Campbell P. Berry (1834-1901),
Democratic …elected September 3, 1879, seated December 1, 1879.
4 :
Romualdo Pacheco (1831-1899),
Republican …elected September 3, 1879, seated December 1, 1879.
Colorado
Senate
House of Representatives (1 seat)
Connecticut
Senate
House of Representatives (4 seats)
Delaware
Senate
House of Representatives (1 seat)
Florida
Senate
House of Representatives (2 seats)
Georgia
Senate
House of Representatives (9 seats)
Illinois
Senate
House of Representatives (19 seats)
1 :
William Aldrich (1820-1885),
Republican
2 :
George R. Davis (1840-1899),
Republican
3 :
Hiram Barber, Jr. (1835-1924),
Republican
4 :
John C. Sherwin (1838-1904),
Republican
5 :
Robert M. A. Hawk (1839-1882),
Republican
6 :
Thomas J. Henderson (1824-1911),
Republican
7 :
Philip C. Hayes (1833-1916),
Republican
8 :
Greenbury L. Fort (1825-1883),
Republican
9 :
Thomas A. Boyd (1830-1897),
Republican
10 :
Benjamin F. Marsh (1839-1905),
Republican
11 :
James W. Singleton (1811-1892),
Democratic
12 :
William M. Springer (1836-1903),
Democratic
13 :
Adlai E. Stevenson (1835-1914),
Democratic
14 :
Joseph G. Cannon (1836-1926),
Republican
15 :
Albert P. Forsythe (1830-1906),
National Greenbacker
16 :
William A. J. Sparks (1828-1904),
Democratic
17 :
William R. Morrison (1824-1909),
Democratic
18 :
John R. Thomas (1846-1914),
Republican
19 :
Richard W. Townshend (1840-1889),
Democratic
Indiana
Senate
House of Representatives (13 seats)
1 :
William Heilman (1824-1890),
Republican
2 :
Thomas R. Cobb (1828-1892),
Democratic
3 :
George A. Bicknell (1815-1891),
Democratic
4 :
Jeptha D. New (1830-1892),
Democratic
5 :
Thomas M. Browne (1829-1891),
Republican
6 :
William R. Myers (1836-1907),
Democratic
7 :
Gilbert De La Matyr (1825-1892),
National )
8 :
Abraham J. Hostetler (1818-1899),
Democratic
9 :
Godlove S. Orth (1817-1882),
Republican
10 :
William H. Calkins (1842-1894),
Republican
11 :
Calvin Cowgill (1819-1903),
Republican
12 :
Walpole G. Colerick (1845-1911),
Democratic
13 :
John H. Baker (1832-1915),
Republican
Iowa
Senate
House of Representatives (9 seats)
1 :
Moses A. McCoid (1840-1904),
Republican
2 :
Hiram Price (1814-1901),
Republican
3 :
Thomas Updegraff (1834-1910),
Republican
4 :
Nathaniel C. Deering (1827-1887),
Republican
5 :
Rush Clark (1834-1879),
Republican …died April 29, 1879.
William G. Thompson (1830-1911),
Republican …elected to fill vacancy, seated December 1, 1879.
6 :
James B. Weaver (1833-1912),
National Greenbacker
7 :
Edward H. Gillette (1840-1918),
National Greenbacker
8 :
William F. Sapp (1824-1890),
Republican
9 :
Cyrus C. Carpenter (1829-1898),
Republican
Kansas
Senate
House of Representatives (3 seats)
Kentucky
Senate
House of Representatives (10 seats)
1 :
Oscar Turner (1825-1896),
Independent Democratic
2 :
James A. McKenzie (1840-1904),
Democratic
3 :
John William Caldwell (1837-1903),
Democratic
4 :
J. Proctor Knott (1830-1911),
Democratic
5 :
Albert S. Willis (1843-1897),
Democratic
6 :
John G. Carlisle (1834-1910),
Democratic
7 :
Joseph C. S. Blackburn (1838-1918),
Democratic
8 :
Philip B. Thompson, Jr. (1845-1909),
Democratic
9 :
Thomas Turner (1821-1900),
Democratic
10 :
Elijah C. Phister (1822-1887),
Democratic
Louisiana
Senate
House of Representatives (6 seats)
Maine
Senate
House of Representatives (5 seats)
Maryland
Senate
House of Representatives (6 seats)
Massachusetts
Senate
House of Representatives (11 seats)
1 :
William W. Crapo (1830-1926),
Republican
2 :
Benjamin W. Harris (1823-1907),
Republican
3 :
Walbridge A. Field (1833-1899),
Republican
4 :
Leopold Morse (1831-1892),
Democratic
5 :
Selwyn Z. Bowman (1840-1928),
Republican
6 :
George B. Loring (1817-1891),
Republican
7 :
William A. Russell (1831-1899),
Republican
8 :
William Claflin (1818-1905),
Republican
9 :
William W. Rice (1826-1896),
Republican
10 :
Amasa Norcross (1824-1898),
Republican
11 :
George D. Robinson (1834-1896),
Republican
Michigan
Senate
House of Representatives (9 seats)
1 :
John S. Newberry (1826-1887),
Republican
2 :
Edwin Willits (1830-1896),
Republican
3 :
Jonas H. McGowan (1837-1909),
Republican
4 :
Julius C. Burrows (1837-1915),
Republican
5 :
John W. Stone (1838-1922),
Republican
6 :
Mark S. Brewer (1837-1901),
Republican
7 :
Omar D. Conger (1818-1898),
Republican …resigned March 3, 1881.
8 :
Roswell G. Horr (1830-1896),
Republican
9 :
Jay A. Hubbell (1829-1900),
Republican
Minnesota
Senate
House of Representatives (3 seats)
Mississippi
Senate
House of Representatives (6 seats)
Missouri
Senate
House of Representatives (13 seats)
1 :
Martin L. Clardy (1844-1914),
Democratic
2 :
Erastus Wells (1823-1893),
Democratic
3 :
Richard G. Frost (1851-1900),
Democratic
4 :
Lowndes H. Davis (1836-1920),
Democratic
5 :
Richard P. Bland (1835-1899),
Democratic
6 :
James R. Waddill (1842-1917),
Democratic
7 :
Alfred M. Lay (1836-1879),
Democratic …died December 8, 1879.
John F. Phillips (1834-1919),
Democratic …elected to fill vacancy, seated January 26, 1880.
8 :
Samuel L. Sawyer (1813-1890),
Independent Democratic
9 :
Nicholas Ford (1833-1897),
National Greenbacker
10 :
Gideon F. Rothwell (1836-1894),
Democratic
11 :
John B. Clark, Jr. (1831-1903),
Democratic
12 :
William H. Hatch (1833-1896),
Democratic
13 :
Aylett H. Buckner (1816-1894),
Democratic
Nebraska
Senate
House of Representatives (1 seat)
Nevada
Senate
House of Representatives (1 seat)
New Hampshire
Senate
House of Representatives (3 seats)
New Jersey
Senate
House of Representatives (7 seats)
New York
Senate
House of Representatives (33 seats)
1 :
James W. Covert (1842-1910),
Democratic
2 :
Daniel O'Reilly (1838-1911),
Independent Democratic
3 :
Simeon B. Chittenden (1814-1889),
Republican
4 :
Archibald M. Bliss (1838-1923),
Democratic
5 :
Nicholas Muller (1836-1917),
Democratic
6 :
Samuel S. Cox (1824-1889),
Democratic
7 :
Edwin Einstein (1842-1905),
Republican
8 :
Anson G. McCook (1835-1917),
Republican
9 :
Fernando Wood (1812-1881),
Democratic …died February 13, 1881, remained vacant.
10 :
James O'Brien (1841-1907),
Independent Democratic
11 :
Levi P. Morton (1824-1920),
Republican
12 :
Alexander Smith , representative-elect died prior to taking office
Waldo Hutchins (1822-1891),
Democratic …elected to fill vacancy caused by death of Representative-elect, seated December 1, 1879.
13 :
John H. Ketcham (1832-1906),
Republican
14 :
John W. Ferdon (1826-1884),
Republican
15 :
William Lounsbery (1831-1905),
Democratic
16 :
John M. Bailey (1838-1916),
Republican
17 :
Walter A. Wood (1815-1892),
Republican
18 :
John Hammond (1827-1889),
Republican
19 :
Amaziah B. James (1812-1883),
Republican
20 :
John H. Starin (1825-1909),
Republican
21 :
David Wilber (1820-1890),
Republican
22 :
Warner Miller (1838-1918),
Republican
23 :
Cyrus D. Prescott (1836-1902),
Republican
24 :
Joseph Mason (1828-1914),
Republican
25 :
Frank Hiscock (1834-1914),
Republican
26 :
John H. Camp (1840-1892),
Republican
27 :
Elbridge G. Lapham (1814-1890),
Republican
28 :
Jeremiah W. Dwight (1819-1885),
Republican
29 :
David P. Richardson (1833-1904),
Republican
30 :
John Van Voorhis (1826-1905),
Republican
31 :
Richard Crowley (1836-1908),
Republican
32 :
Ray V. Pierce (1840-1914),
Republican …resigned September 18, 1880.
Jonathan Scoville (1830-1891),
Democratic …elected to fill vacancy, seated December 6, 1880.
33 :
Henry H. Van Aernam (1819-1894),
Republican
North Carolina
Senate
House of Representatives (8 seats)
1 :
Joseph J. Martin (1833-1900),
Republican …contested election, served until January 29, 1881.
Jesse J. Yeates (1829-1892),
Democratic …contested election, seated January 29, 1881.
2 :
William H. Kitchin (1837-1901),
Democratic
3 :
Daniel L. Russell (1845-1908),
National Greenbacker
4 :
Joseph J. Davis (1828-1892),
Democratic
5 :
Alfred M. Scales (1827-1892),
Democratic
6 :
Walter L. Steele (1823-1891),
Democratic
7 :
Robert F. Armfield (1829-1898),
Democratic
8 :
Robert B. Vance (1828-1899),
Democratic
Ohio
Senate
House of Representatives (20 seats)
1 :
Benjamin Butterworth (1837-1898),
Republican
2 :
Thomas L. Young (1832-1888),
Republican
3 :
John A. McMahon (1833-1923),
Democratic
4 :
J. Warren Keifer (1836-1932),
Republican
5 :
Benjamin Le Fevre (1838-1922),
Democratic
6 :
William D. Hill (1833-1906),
Democratic
7 :
Frank H. Hurd (1840-1896),
Democratic
8 :
Ebenezer B. Finley (1833-1916),
Democratic
9 :
George L. Converse (1827-1897),
Democratic
10 :
Thomas Ewing, Jr. (1829-1896),
Democratic
11 :
Henry L. Dickey (1832-1910),
Democratic
12 :
Henry S. Neal (1828-1906),
Republican
13 :
Adoniram J. Warner (1834-1910),
Democratic
14 :
Gibson Atherton (1831-1887),
Democratic
15 :
George W. Geddes (1824-1892),
Democratic
16 :
William McKinley, Jr. (1843-1901),
Republican
17 :
James Monroe (1821-1898),
Republican
18 :
Jonathan T. Updegraff (1822-1882),
Republican
19 :
James A. Garfield (1831-1881),
Republican …resigned November 8, 1880.
Ezra B. Taylor (1823-1912),
Republican …elected to fill vacancy, seated December 13, 1880.
20 :
Amos Townsend (1821-1895),
Republican
Oregon
Senate
House of Representatives (1 seat)
Pennsylvania
Senate
House of Representatives (27 seats)
1 :
Henry H. Bingham (1841-1912),
Republican
2 :
Charles O'Neill (1821-1893),
Republican
3 :
Samuel J. Randall (1828-1890),
Democratic
4 :
William D. Kelley (1814-1890),
Republican
5 :
Alfred C. Harmer (1825-1900),
Republican
6 :
William Ward (1837-1895),
Republican
7 :
William Godshalk (1817-1891),
Republican
8 :
Hiester Clymer (1827-1884),
Democratic
9 :
A. Herr Smith (1815-1894),
Republican
10 :
Reuben K. Bachman (1834-1911),
Democratic
11 :
Robert Klotz (1819-1895),
Democratic
12 :
Hendrick B. Wright (1808-1881),
Democratic
13 :
John W. Ryon (1825-1901),
Democratic
14 :
John W. Killinger (1824-1896),
Republican
15 :
Edward Overton, Jr. (1836-1903),
Republican
16 :
John I. Mitchell (1838-1907),
Republican
17 :
Alexander H. Coffroth (1828-1906),
Democratic
18 :
Horatio G. Fisher (1838-1890),
Republican
19 :
Frank E. Beltzhoover (1841-1923),
Democratic
20 :
Seth H. Yocum (1834-1895),
National Greenbacker
21 :
Morgan R. Wise (1825-1903),
Democratic
22 :
Russell Errett (1817-1891),
Republican
23 :
Thomas M. Bayne (1836-1894),
Republican
24 :
William S. Shallenberger (1839-1914),
Republican
25 :
Harry White (1834-1920),
Republican
26 :
Samuel B. Dick (1836-1907),
Republican
27 :
James H. Osmer (1832-1912),
Republican
Rhode Island
Senate
House of Representatives (2 seats)
South Carolina
Senate
House of Representatives (5 seats)
Tennessee
Senate
House of Representatives (10 seats)
1 :
Robert L. Taylor (1850-1912),
Democratic
2 :
Leonidas C. Houk (1836-1891),
Republican
3 :
George G. Dibrell (1822-1888),
Democratic
4 :
Benton McMillin (1845-1933),
Democratic
5 :
John M. Bright (1817-1911),
Democratic
6 :
John F. House (1827-1904),
Democratic
7 :
Washington C. Whitthorne (1825-1891),
Democratic
8 :
John D. C. Atkins (1825-1908),
Democratic
9 :
Charles B. Simonton (1838-1911),
Democratic
10 :
H. Casey Young (1828-1899),
Democratic
Texas
Senate
House of Representatives (6 seats)
Vermont
Senate
House of Representatives (3 seats)
Virginia
Senate
House of Representatives (9 seats)
1 :
Richard Lee T. Beale (1819-1893),
Democratic
2 :
John Goode, Jr. (1829-1909),
Democratic
3 :
Joseph E. Johnston (1807-1891),
Democratic
4 :
Joseph Jorgensen (1844-1888),
Republican
5 :
George C. Cabell (1836-1906),
Democratic
6 :
John R. Tucker (1823-1897),
Democratic
7 :
John T. Harris (1823-1899),
Democratic
8 :
Eppa Hutton, II (1822-1908),
Democratic
9 :
James B. Richmond (1842-1910),
Democratic
West Virginia
Senate
House of Representatives (3 seats)
Wisconsin
Senate
House of Representatives (8 seats)
Delegates
Arizona Territory
Dakota Territory
Idaho Territory
Montana Territory
New Mexico Territory
Utah Territory
Washington Territory
Wyoming Territory
References
Martis, Kenneth C. (1989). The Historical Atlas of Political Parties in the United States Congress . New York: Macmillan Publishing Company.
Martis, Kenneth C. (1982). The Historical Atlas of United States Congressional Districts . New York: Macmillan Publishing Company.
External links