Although King & King (1984) classifies Dumpas as
Paitanic, Lobel (2013:396-398) classifies Dumpas as a
Dusunic language that is particularly closely related to
Sungai Karamuak (also called Sukang), but has been heavily influenced by neighboring Paitanic languages.
King, Julie K., and John Wayne King. 1984. Languages of Sabah: A survey report. C-78. Canberra: Pacific Linguistics, The Australian National University.