Manouria References

Manouria is a genus of tortoises in the family Testudinidae. The genus was erected by John Edward Gray in 1854.

Species

The following five species are recognized as being valid, two of which are extant,^[1] and three of which are extinct:

Image	Common Name	Scientific name	Distribution
	Asian forest tortoise	Manouria emys ( Schlegel & S. Müller, 1844)	Bangladesh, Cambodia, India, Indonesia, Malaysia, Myanmar, Thailand, and Vietnam.
	impressed tortoise	Manouria impressa ( Günther, 1882)	Myanmar, southern China, Thailand, Laos, Vietnam, Cambodia, Malaysia and Northeast India.

† Manouria sondaari Karl & Staesche, 2007 – a giant land tortoise from Luzon Island, Philippines^[2]^[3] however, Rhodin et al. (2015) transferred this species to the genus Megalochelys.^[4]
† Manouria punjabiensis ( Lydekker, 1889) – a fossil tortoise from Siwaliks, India^[4]
† Manouria oyamai Takahashi, Otsuka & Hirayama , 2003 – a fossil tortoise from Ryukyu Islands, Japan^[4]

Nota bene: A binomial authority in parentheses indicates that the species was originally described in a genus other than Manouria.

^ "Manouria". The Reptile Database. www.reptile-database.org.
^ Karl, Hans-Volker; Staesche, Ulrich (2007). " Fossile Riesen-Landschildkröten von den Philippinen und ihre paläogeographische Bedeutung [= Fossil Giant Land Tortoises from the Philippines and their paleogeographic importance]". Geologischesahrbuch A 160: 171–197. (Manouria sondaari, new species). (in German with abstract in English).
^ Staesche, Ulrich (coordinator) (2007). Fossile Schildkröten aus vier Ländern in drei Kontinenten: Deutschland, Türkei, Niger, Philippen [= Fossil Turtles from Four Countries on Three Continents: Germany, Turkey, Niger, and the Philippines]. Geologisches Jahrbuch, Reihe B, Heft 98 [= Series B, Issue 98]. 197 pp. ISBN 978-3-510-95967-9. http://www.schweizerbart.de/publications/detail/artno/186029800 (in German).
^ ^a ^b ^c Anders G.J. Rhodin; Scott Thomson; Georgios L. Georgalis; Hans-Volker Karl; Igor G. Danilov; Akio Takahashi; Marcelo S. de la Fuente; Jason R. Bourque; Massimo Delfino; Roger Bour; John B. Iverson; H. Bradley Shaffer; Peter Paul van Dijk (2015). "Turtles and Tortoises of the World During the Rise and Global Spread of Humanity: First Checklist and Review of Extinct Pleistocene and Holocene Chelonians" (PDF). Chelonian Research Monographs. 5 (8): 000e.1–66. doi: 10.3854/crm.5.000e.fossil.checklist.v1.2015.