The red side-necked turtle (Rhinemys rufipes), red turtle, red-footed sideneck turtle,[1]William's toadhead turtle, or red-footed Amazon side-necked turtle[7] is a
monotypic species of
turtle in the family
Chelidae. It is found in
Brazil,
Colombia, and possibly
Peru.[7] This species is dimorphic in size meaning the sexes show different characteristics.[8] One study found that the largest female out of a group of 24 was 256 mm in carapace length. Out of that same group, the largest male was only 199 mm in carapace length.[8] A study focused on determining how these turtles acquire their sex discovered that it is not environmentally determined rather, it is a genetic sex determination. [9]
^Spix, J.B. von. 1824. Animalia nova; sive, Species novae Testudinum et Ranarum, quas in itinere per Brasiliam annis 1817-20 collegit et descripsit. F.S. Hübschmann, München. iv + 53 pp.
^Wagler, J.G. 1830. Natürliches System der Amphibien, mit vorangehender Classification der Säugthiere und Vögel. München: J.G. Cotta’schen Buchhandlung, 354 pp.
^Baur, G. 1893. Notes on the classification and taxonomy of the Testudinata. Proc. Amer. Philos. Soc. 31: 210-225
^Peter Paul van Dijk, John B. Iverson, H. Bradley Shaffer, Roger Bour, and Anders G.J. Rhodin. 2012. Turtles of the World, 2012 Update: Annotated Checklist of Taxonomy, Synonymy, Distribution, and Conservation Status. Chelonian Research Monographs No. 5, pp. 000.243–000.328.
^Viana, P. F., Feldberg, E., Cioffi, M. B., de Carvalho, V. T., Menezes, S., Vogt, R. C., Liehr, T., & Ezaz, T. (2020). The Amazonian Red Side-Necked Turtle Rhinemys rufipes (Spix, 1824) (Testudines, Chelidae) Has a GSD Sex-Determining Mechanism with an Ancient XY Sex Microchromosome System. Cells (Basel, Switzerland), 9(9), 1–.
doi:
10.3390/cells9092088