Regional biodiversity species list
Astronaut photo of Cape Town showing the Cape Peninsula, and surrounding waters, including False Bay.
Map showing approximate extent of the range of the article and identifying key locations and the borders of the Table Mountain National Park Marine Protected Area
Marine ecoregions of the South African exclusive economic zone
Marine species distribution reference map of the Southern African coastline, showing key range locations
The list of marine vertebrates of the Cape Peninsula and False Bay is a list of
marine and shore-based
vertebrate animal
species that form a part of the
fauna of South Africa and that have been recorded from this geographical range. In some cases they are an important part of the local ecological community, and others may have been passing through, or were carried out of their natural ranges by the vagaries of ocean currents or winds. Some of the animals are deep within their range of
endemism , or near its borders, while others are cosmopolitan or recently arrived aliens. This list includes animals which live entirely marine lives, or which spend critical parts of their lives at sea, or rely on the sea or intertidal shore for the major part of their diet.
The geographical range is from
Bloubergstrand at the north of
Table Bay to
Cape Hangklip , the south eastern limit of
False Bay , in the
Western Cape province of South Africa and includes the
Table Mountain National Park Marine Protected Area (TMNP MPA),
[1] the
Helderberg Marine Protected Area , and part of the
Robben Island Marine Protected Area .
Most of the shore is within the
City of Cape Town , except for a section of the east coast of False Bay, south of
Kogel Bay , which is in the
Overstrand Local Municipality
The region is near to several universities and research institutions in Cape Town and
Stellenbosch , which has led to many studies of the organisms and of the marine ecology, particularly those organisms that are easily or incidentally collected. The popularity of these waters for recreational diving has led to an increase in reported underwater photographic observations in recent years.
[2]
Fishes
Agnatha – jawless fishes (cyclostomes)
Order
Myxiniformes – hagfishes
Family:
Myxinidae
Gnathostomata – jawed fishes
Chondrichthyes – cartilaginous fishes
Elasmobranchii – sharks and rays
Order
Myliobatiformes – stingrays
Family
Myliobatidae – eagle rays
Order
Rajiformes – rays, skates and guitarfish
Family
Dasyatidae – stingrays
Short-tail stingray ,
Bathytoshia brevicaudata (Hutton, 1875) recorded as syn.
Dasyatis brevicaudata (Hutton, 1875) (False Bay to Delagoa Bay)
[4]
[6]
[5]
Thorntail stingray,
Bathytoshia lata (Garman, 1880), recorded as syn. Dasyatis thetidis Ogilby, 1899, (TMNP MPA).
[5]
[8]
Blue stingray ,
Dasyatis chrysonota (Smith, 1828) (Central Angola to Delagoa Bay)
[3]
[6]
[5] also recorded as Dasyatis marmorata (Steindachner, 1892)
Diamond ray, butterfly ray,
Gymnura natalensis (Gilchrist & Thompson, 1911), (TMNP MPA).
[5]
Whiptail stingrays,
Dasyatis spp. (TMNP MPA).
[5]
Family
Rajidae – skates
Bathyraja smithii (Müller & Henle, 1841) (Agulhas bank and west of Cape Town)
[4]
Cruriraja durbanensis (von Bonde and Swart, 1923) (off Western Cape province)
[4]
Cruriraja parcomaculata von Bonde and Swart, 1923 (Lüderitz to Durban)
[4]
Slimeskate ,
Dipturus pullopunctatus (Smith, 1964) recorded as syn. Raja pullopunctata Smith, 1964 (Lüderitz to Mozambique)
[4]
[9]
African dwarf skate ,
Neoraja stehmanni (Hulley, 1972) (west of Cape Town to south of Agulhas Bank)
[4]
Munchkin skate ,
Rajella caudispinosa (von Bonde and Swart, 1923), recorded as syn.Raja caudaspinosa von Bonde and Swart, 1923 (Lüderitz to Cape Point)
[4]
[10]
Thornback skate ,
Raja clavata Linnaeus, 1758 (Walvis Bay to Durban)
[4]
Twineye skate, brown ray,
Raja miraletus Linnaeus, 1758 (False Bay to Durban)
[4]
[11]
Smoothback skate ,
Rajella ravidula (Hulley, 1970), recorded as syn. Raja ravidula Hulley, 1970 (off Cape Town)
[4]
[12]
Amblyraja hyperborea (Collett, 1879) recorded as syn. Raja robertsi Hulley, 1970 (west of Cape Town)
[4]
[13]
Malacoraja spinacidermis (Barnard, 1923) recorded as syn. Raja spinacidermis Barnard, 1923 (off west coast)
[4]
[14]
Thornback skate,
Raja clavata Linnaeus, 1758, (TMNP MPA).
[5]
Twineye skate, brown ray,
Raja miraletus Linnaeus, 1758, (TMNP MPA).
[5]
Biscuit skate or false thornback skate, spotted skate,
Raja straeleni Poll, 1951
[15] (West Africa to East London)
[4]
[5]
Blancmange skate,
Leucoraja wallacei (Hulley, 1970) recorded as syn.Raja wallacei Hulley, 1970 (Cape to Limpopo river mouth)
[4]
[16]
Bigthorn skate ,
Rajella barnardi (Norman, 1935), recorded as syn. Raja confundens Hulley, 1970 (West coast from 19°S to east of Cape Point)
[4]
[17]
Ghost skate ,
Rajella dissimilis (Hulley, 1970) recorded as syn. Raja dissimilis Hulley, 1970 (west of Cape Town)
[4]
Leopard skate ,
Rajella leoparda (von Bonde & Swart, 1923), recorded as syn. Raja leopardus von Bonde and Swart, 1923 (west coast from 18°S to 35°S)
[4]
[18]
Spearnose skate,
bottlenose skate ,
Rostroraja alba (Lacepède, 1803) (West Africa to Madagascar)
[4]
[6]
[5] (syn. Raja alba or Raia alba Lacepède, 1803)
Family
Rhinobatidae – guitarfish
Order
Torpediniformes – electric rays
Family
Narkidae
Family
Torpedinidae
Family
Carcharhinidae – requiem sharks
Copper shark ,
Carcharhinus brachyurus (Günther, 1870) (Namibia to Durban)
[4]
[5]
Spinner shark,
Carcharhinus brevipinna (Müller & Henle, 1839), (TMNP MPA).
[5]
Blacktip shark,
Carcharhinus limbatus (Müller & Henle, 1839), (TMNP MPA).
[5]
Dusky shark ,
Carcharhinus obscurus (Lesueur, 1818) (Cape Point to Mozambique)
[3]
[4]
[5]
Sandbar shark,
Carcharhinus plumbeus (Nardo, 1827), (TMNP MPA).
[5]
Blue shark ,
Prionace glauca (Linnaeus, 1758) (off south-western Cape coast)
[4]
[5]
Family
Scyliorhinidae – catsharks
Smalleye catshark ,
Apristurus microps (Gilchrist, 1922) (Western Cape to Agulhas)
[4]
Saldanha catshark ,
Apristurus saldanha (Barnard 1925) (Saldanha Bay)
[4]
Tiger catshark ,
Halaelurus natalensis (Regan, 1904) (Saldanha Bay to Algoa Bay)
[3]
[4]
[5]
Puffadder shyshark or happy eddie,
Haploblepharus edwardsii (Schinz, 1822) (Cape Point to central KwaZulu-Natal)
[3]
[4]
[6]
[5]
Dark shyshark , dusky shyshark or skaamoog,
Haploblepharus pictus (Müller & Henle, 1838) (Namibia to Cape Agulhas)
[3]
[4]
[6]
[5]
Izak catshark ,
Holohalaelurus regani (Gilchrist, 1922) (south-western Cape to Zanzibar)
[4]
Pyjama catshark,
pyjama shark , or striped catshark,
Poroderma africanum (Gmelin, 1789) (Cape Columbine to central KwaZulu-Natal)
[3]
[4]
[6]
[7]
[5]
Leopard catshark ,
Poroderma pantherinum (Müller & Henle, 1838) (Cape Columbine to Durban)
[3]
[6]
[7]
[5]
Yellowspotted catshark ,
Scyliorhinus capensis (Smith, 1838) (south-western Cape to KwaZulu-Natal)
[4]
[5]
Family
Sphyrnidae – hammerhead sharks
Family
Triakidae – houndsharks
Order
Hexanchiformes – cow and frill sharks
Family
Hexanchidae – cow sharks
Order
Lamniformes – mackerel sharks
Family
Alopiidae – thresher sharks
Thintail thresher,
Alopias vulpinus (Bonnaterre, 1788) (throughout SA waters, more common in southern part)
[4]
[5]
Family
Cetorhinidae – basking sharks
Family
Lamnidae – mackerel sharks
Family
Mitsukurinidae – goblin sharks
Family
Odontaspididae
Ragged-tooth shark or spotted ragged-tooth shark,
Carcharias taurus Rafinesque, 1810 (Cape Point to Mozambique)
[3]
[4]
[19]
[5] also reported as syn. Eugomphodus taurus (Rafinesque, 1810)
Family
Pseudocarchariidae – crocodile sharks
Family
Rhincodontidae – whale sharks
Family
Pristiophoridae
Family
Echinorhinidae – bramble sharks
Family
Etmopteridae
Family
Squalidae – dogfishes
Centrophorus granulosus (Bloch and Schneider, 1801) (Western Cape)
[4]
Leafscale gulper shark ,
Centrophorus squamosus Bonnaterre, 1788 (Western Cape and Algoa Bay)
[4]
Centroscyllium fabricii (Reinhardt, 1825) (Western Cape)
[4]
Centroscymnus crepidater (Bocage and Capello, 1864) (Western Cape)
[4]
Deania calcea (Lowe, 1839) (Cape Point and Algoa Bay)
[4]
Deania profundorum (Smith and Radcliffe, 1912) (West coast and KwaZulu-Natal)
[4]
Deania quadrispinosa (McCulloch, 1915) (northern Namibia to southern Mozambique)
[4]
[20]
Short-tail lanternshark,
Etmopterus brachyurus Smith and Radcliffe, 1912 (Western Cape, KwaZulu-Natal and southern Mozambique)
[4]
Etmopterus granulosus (Günther, 1880) (Cape Point)
[4]
Etmopterus sp. (off south-western Cape Province, northern KwaZulu-Natal)
[4]
Euprotomicroides zantedeschia Hulley and Penrith, 1966 (west of Cape Town)
[4]
Euprotomicrus bispinatus (Quoy and Gaimard, 1824) (all oceans)
[4]
Flatiron shark,
Oxynotus centrina (Linnaeus, 1758) (Walvis Bay to Cape Town)
[4]
Greenland shark ,
Somniosus microcephalus (Schneider, 1801) (off Cape Columbine)
[4]
Spotted spiny dogfish, Spiny (Picked) dogfish
Squalus acanthias Linnaeus, 1758 (south-western Cape to Port Elizabeth)
[4]
[5]
Bluntnose spiny dogfish, Shortnose spurdog
Squalus megalops (MacLeay, 1881) (Namibia to southern Mozambique)
[4]
[5]
Longnose spiny dogfish,
Squalus mitsukurii Jordan and Fowler, 1903 (Orange river to Beira)
[4]
Squalus spp.
[5]
Holocephali – chimaeras
Family
Callorhinchidae – elephantfish
Family
Chimaeridae – chimaeras
Family
Rhinochimaeridae – longnose chimaeras
Class Actinopterygii – ray finned fishes
Family:
Chaetodontidae – butterflyfishes
[21]
Family
Luvaridae – louvar
[24]
Family:
Champsodontidae – Gapers
[25]
Family:
Epigonidae – cardinal fishes (see also Apogonidae)
[26]
Family:
Howellidae – lanternbellies
[27]
Family:
Pentacerotidae – armourheads
[29]
Family:
Polyprionidae – wreckfishes
[30]
Family:
Scombropidae – gnomefishes
[31]
Family
Anguillidae – freshwater eels
Family
Congridae – conger eels
Family
Derichthyidae – longneck eels
Family
Nemichthyidae – snipe eels
Family:
Nettastomatidae – witch eels
Family
Ophichthidae – snake-eels and worm-eels
Family
Serrivomeridae – sawtooth eels
Family
Synaphobranchidae – cutthroat eels
Family
Ateleopodidae – tadpole fishes
Family
Atherinidae – silversides
Family
Alepisauridae – lancetfishes
Family
Bathysauropsidae
Family
Chlorophthalmidae – greeneyes
Family
Evermannellidae – sabretooth fishes
Coccorella atlantica (Parr, 1928) (central water areas of all 3 major oceans; off western and south-western Cape coast, 1 specimen from 31°34'S, 30°09'E)
[4]
[47]
Family
Ipnopidae
Family
Notosudidae – notosudids
Family
Paralepididae – barracudinas
Family
Scopelarchidae – pearleyes
Family
Synodontidae
Family
Batrachoididae – toadfishes
Family
Exocoetidae – flyingfishes
Smallhead flyingfish,
Cheilopogon altipennis (Valenciennes, 1847) also recorded as syn. Cheilopogon pinnatibarbatus altipinnis (Valenciennes, 1846) (Cape to Kosi Bay))
[4]
[66]
[23]
Subtropical flyingfish,
Hirundichthys rondeletii (Valenciennes, 1846) (widely distributed in subtropical waters of all oceans, common off the Cape)
[4]
Mirrorwing flyingfish ,
Hirundichthys speculiger (Valenciennes, 1846) (worldwide in tropical waters, one juvenile from Mbibi, Zululand, another from False Bay)
[4]
Family
Hemiramphidae – halfbeaks
Ribbon halfbeak,
Euleptorhamphus viridis (van Hasselt, 1823) (reported from Table Bay, also known from Algoa Bay and Kei River mouth, tropical and temperate waters of Indo-Pacific)
[4]
Cape halfbeak,
Hyporhamphus capensis (Thominot, 1886) (False Bay to southern Mozambique))
[3]
[4]
Family
Belonidae – needlefishes
Family
Scomberesocidae – sauries
Dwarf saury,
Scomberesox simulans (Hubbs & Wisner, 1980), recorded as syn.
Nanichthys simulans Hubbs and Wisner, 1980 (off the Cape up the west coast, warm temperate waters of the Atlantic and southern Indian oceans)
[4]
Family
Berycidae – berycids
Family
Monocentridae – pineapple fishes
Pineapple fish, Japanese pineapple fish,
Monocentris japonica (Houttuyn, 1782) (Indo-West Pacific and Red Sea south to Mossel Bay)
[4] (Recorded from False Bay on at least two occasions)
[6]
[23]
Family
Trachichthyidae – slimeheads
Gephyroberyx darwinii (Johnson, 1866) (all round South African coast)
[4]
Orange roughy ,
Hoplostethus atlanticus Collett, 1896 (From Iceland to Morocco and Walvis Bay to off Durban)
[4]
Black slimehead ,
Hoplostethus cadenati Quero, 1974 (West coast of Africa from 36°N – 26°S, and off Transkei)
[4]
Silver roughy ,
Hoplostethus mediterraneus Cuvier, 1829 (Namibia to Natal)
[4]
Hoplostethus melanopus (Weber, 1913) (Indo-West pacific from Indonesia to Natal, also off Namibia and Cape Town)
[4]
Family
Blenniidae – blennies
Looseskin blenny,
Chalaroderma capito (Valenciennes, 1836) (
Saldanha Bay to
East London )
[4]
Two-eyed blenny,
Chalaroderma ocellata (Gilchrist and Thompson, 1908) ((
Saldanha Bay to
Port Elizabeth )
[4]
[23]
Horned blenny,
Parablennius cornutus (Linnaeus, 1758) (Northern Namibia to
Sodwana Bay , Endemic)
[3]
[4]
[23]
Piano blenny,
Plagiotremus tapeinosoma (Bleeker, 1857) (Indo-Pacific south to
False Bay )
[4]
Maned blenny,
Scartella emarginata (Günther, 1861) (Southern Angola to India)
[3]
[4]
Japanese snakeblenny,
Xiphasia matsubarai Okada & Suzuki, 1952 (Western Indian Ocean south to
False Bay )
[4]
Snakeblenny,
Xiphasia setifer Swainson, 1839 (Red Sea to
False Bay )
[4]
Family
Clinidae – klipfishes
Lace klipfish,
Blennioclinus brachycephalus (Valenciennes, 1836) (
Melkbosstrand to
Kei River )
[4]
[23]
Snaky klipfish,
Blennophis anguillaris (Valenciennes, 1836) (
Lüderitz Bay to
East London )
[4]
[23]
Striped klipfish,
Blennophis striatus (Gilchrist & Thompson, 1908) (
Saldanha Bay to
East London )
[4]
[23]
Slender platanna-klipfish,
Cancelloxus burrelli Smith, 1961 (
Orange River to
Algoa Bay )
[4]
[23]
Elongated sand klipfish,
Cancelloxus longior Prochazka & Griffiths, 1991 (Both sides of the peninsula)
[6]
[23]
Barbelled klipfish,
Cirrhibarbis capensis Valenciennes, 1836 (
Lamberts Bay to
East London )
[4]
[23]
Fleet klipfish,
Climacoporus navalis Barnard, 1935 (
Still Bay to
Port St. Johns . Once from
False Bay )
[4]
Ladder klipfish,
Clinoporus biporosus (Gilchrist and Thompson, 1908) (
Saldanha Bay to
False Bay )
[4]
Sad klipfish,
Clinus acuminatus (Bloch & Schneider, 1801) (
Lüderitz Bay to west of
Algoa Bay )
[4]
[23]
Agile klipfish,
Clinus agilis Smith, 1931 (Namibia (20°49'S) to
Port Alfred )
[3]
[4]
[23]
Clinus arborescens Gilchrist & Thompson, 1908, previously reported as C. supeciliosus (part of complex)[
citation needed ]
Onrust klipfish,
Clinus berrisfordi Penrith, 1967 (Weedy areas of
False Bay to Skoenmakerskop, just west of
Algoa Bay )
[4]
[23]
Cape klipfish,
Clinus brevicristatus Gilchrist & Thompson, 1908 (
Lamberts Bay to
False Bay )
[4]
[23]
Bluntnose klipfish,
Clinus cottoides Valenciennes, 1836 (
Olifants River (Western Cape) to
Kei River )
[3]
[4]
[23]
West coast klipfish,
Clinus heterodon Valenciennes, 1836 (
Orange River to
Cape Agulhas )
[3]
[4]
[23]
False Bay klipfish,
Clinus latipennis Valenciennes, 1836 (
Table Bay to
Cape Agulhas )
[4]
[23]
Mosaic klipfish,
Clinus musaicus Holleman, von der Heyden & Zsilavecz, 2012, (TMNP MPA).
[23]
Chinese klipfish,
Clinus nematopterus Günther, 1861 (
False Bay and
Algoa Bay )
[4]
Ornate klipfish,
Clinus ornatus Gilchrist & Thompson, 1908, (TMNP MPA),
[23] also previously recorded in C. superciliosus complex.
Robust klipfish,
Clinus robustus Gilchrist & Thompson, 1908 (
Cape of Good Hope to
East London )
[4]
[23]
Kelp klipfish,
Clinus rotundifrons Barnard, 1937 (
Lüderitz Bay to
Cape of Good Hope )
[4]
[23]
Super klipfish or highfin klipfish,
Clinus superciliosus (Linnaeus, 1758) (Namibia (18°59'S) to
Kei River )
[3]
[4]
[23] now recognised as a complex containing C. superciliosus, C. ornatus, C. arborescens, C. musaicus and C. exasperatus.
Bull klipfish,
Clinus taurus Gilchrist & Thompson, 1908 (
Möwe Point (Namibia) to
Port Alfred )
[4]
[23]
Speckled klipfish,
Clinus venustris Gilchrist & Thompson, 1908 (
Orange River to
East London )
[3] (
Lüderitz Bay to
Port Alfred )
[4]
[23]
Mousey klipfish,
Fucomimus mus (Gilchrist & Thompson, 1908) (
False Bay to
Coffee Bay )
[4]
[23]
Nosestripe klipfish,
Muraenoclinus dorsalis (Bleeker, 1860) (
Orange River to
Durban )
[3] (
Lüderitz Bay to southern Natal)
[4]
[23]
Bluespotted klipfish,
Pavoclinus caeruleopunctatus Zsilavecz, 2001, (TMNP MPA).
[23]
[67]
Grass klipfish,
Pavoclinus graminis (Gilchrist & Thompson, 1908) (
False Bay to
Inhambane )
[3]
[4]
[23]
Slinky klipfish,
Pavoclinus litorafontis Penrith, 1965 (
False Bay ; Strandfontein and Onrust River mouth)
[4]
Peacock klipfish,
Pavoclinus pavo (Gilchrist & Thompson, 1908) (
Lüderitz Bay to
Kei River )
[4]
[23]
Deepwater klipfish,
Pavoclinus profundus Smith, 1961 (Cape Peninsula, off
Knysna to
Algoa Bay )
[4]
[23]
Deep reef klipfish,
Pavoclinus smalei Heemstra & Wright, 1986 (False Bay, off
Storms River mouth)
[4]
[23]
Leafy klipfish,
Smithichthys fucorum (Gilchrist & Thompson, 1908) (
Cape Point to
Bashee River )
[4]
[23]
Platanna klipfish,
Xenopoclinus kochi Smith, 1948 (
Lamberts Bay to
Algoa Bay )
[4]
[23]
Leprous platanna klipfish,
Xenopoclinus leprosus Smith, 1961
Orange River mouth to
Algoa Bay )
[4]
[23]
Family
Tripterygiidae – threefin blennies or triplefins
Family
Callionymidae – dragonets
[68]
Family:
Carangidae – kingfishes
Leervis or garrick,
Lichia amia (Linnaeus, 1758) (Mediterranean sea south along west coast of Africa and around Cape to
Delagoa Bay )
[4]
[22]
[23]
White kingfish,
white trevally
Pseudocaranx dentex (Bloch & Schneider, 1801) (
Durban southwards, anti-tropical on both sides of Atlantic, Mediterranean, Indo-West Pacific)
[4]
Giant yellowtail, yellowtail amberjack,
Seriola lalandi Valenciennes, 1833 (Most common on Atlantic Cape waters, but follows the pilchard migration to Transkei and Natal. Circumglobal in subtropical waters)
[4]
[22]
[23]
Southern pompano,
Trachinotus africanus Smith, 1967, (TMNP MPA).
[23]
Cape horse mackerel,
Trachurus capensis Castelnau, 1861, (TMNP MPA).
[23]
Maasbanker,
Trachurus trachurus (Linnaeus, 1758) (Norway south and round the
Cape of Good Hope to
Delagoa Bay
[22]
[23]
Family:
Coryphaenidae – dolphinfish or dorades
Family:
Echeneidae – remoras
[70]
Shark remora,
Echeneis naucrates Linnaeus, 1758 (Namibia to Mozambique)
[22] (all warm waters except eastern Pacific)
[4]
[23]
Whale remora,
Remora australis (Bennett, 1840) (Worldwide, pelagic: found only on cetaceans)
[4]
Spearfish remora ,
Remora brachyptera (Lowe, 1839) (Worldwide, prefers billfishes)
[4]
Remora,
Remora remora (Linnaeus, 1758) (Worldwide, prefers sharks)
[4]
White remora,
Remorina albescens (Temminck & Schlegel, 1845) (Worldwide, prefers Manta rays)
Family:
Istiophoridae – sailfish, spearfishes and marlins
[71]
Sailfish,
Istiophorus platypterus (Shaw, 1792), (TMNP MPA).
[23]
Black marlin ,
Makaira indica (Cuvier, 1832) (Primarily Indo-Pacific to off
Cape of Good Hope )
[4]
Blue marlin,
Makaira nigricans (Lacepèede, 1802) (Worldwide in all oceans)
[4]
White marlin ,
Tetrapturus albidus Poey, 1861 (Atlantic Ocean)
[4]
Shortbill spearfish ,
Tetrapturus angustirostris Tanaka, 1914 (Off
Cape Point and
Durban northwards throughout Indo-Pacific)
[4]
Striped marlin ,
Tetrapturus audax (Philippi, 1887) (Primarily Indo-Pacific, but have been caught off
Cape Town )
[4]
Longbill spearfish ,
Tetrapturus pfluegeri Robins & de Sylva, 1963 (Apparently restricted to the Atlantic Ocean)
[4]
Family:
Rachycentridae – cobia
[72]
Family:
Xiphiidae – Swordfishes
[73]
Family:
Cheilodactylidae – fingerfins
[74]
Family:
Dichistiidae – galjoens
Family:
Kyphosidae – sea chubs
[76]
Family:
Oplegnathidae – knifejaws
[77]
Family:
Parascorpididae – jutjaw
Family
Clupeidae – herrings, sardines and pilchards
Family
Dussumieriidae
Family
Ehiravidae
Family
Engraulidae – anchovies
Family
Elopidae – ladyfishes
Atlantic ladyfish,
Elops lacerta Valenciennes, 1846 (Atlantic coast to 23°S)
[4]
Order
Eupercaria incertae sedis
Family:
Callanthiidae – goldies
Family:
Emmelichthyidae – rovers
[82]
Family:
Haemulidae – rubberlips and grunters
[83]
Family:
Malacanthidae – tilefishes
[85]
Family:
Monodactylidae – moonies
[86]
Family:
Sciaenidae – kobs
[87]
Argyrosomus inodorus Griffiths & Heemstra, 1995, (TMNP MPA).
[23]
Kob, giant kob or kabeljou,
Argyrosomus japonicus (Temminck & Schlegel, 1843) (Namibia to Natal)
[4]
[22] previously misidentified as Argyrosomus hololepidotus (Lacepède, 1801)
[4]
Geelbek, African weakfish, Cape salmon,
Atractoscion aequidens (Cuvier, 1830) (Angola to northern KwaZulu-Natal)
[4]
[22]
[23]
Baardman or belman, Canary drum,
Umbrina canariensis Valenciennes, 1843 (Morocco to the
Cape of Good Hope through to Pakistan)
[4]
[22]
[23]
Slender baardman,
Umbrina ronchus Valenciennes, 1843, also reported as syn. Umbrina robinsoni Gilchrist & Thompson, 1908, (TMNP MPA).
[23]
Family:
Sparidae – seabreams
Carpenter,
Argyrozona argyrozona (Valenciennes, 1830) (
Cape Columbine to central KwaZulu-Natal)
[4]
[22]
[23]
Fransmadam, Karel grootoog,
Boopsoidea inornata Castelnau, 1861 (
Cape Columbine to central KwaZulu-Natal)
[4]
[22]
[23]
Santer,
Cheimerius nufar (Valenciennes, 1830), (TMNP MPA).
[23]
Dageraad,
Chrysoblephus cristiceps (Valenciennes, 1830) (
Cape Point to Durban)
[4]
[22]
[23]
Red stumpnose or Miss Lucy,
Chrysoblephus gibbiceps (Valenciennes, 1830) (
Cape Point to
East London )
[4]
[22]
[23]
Roman,
Chrysoblephus laticeps (Valenciennes, 1830) (
Cape Point to southern KwaZulu-Natal)
[22] (Cape to Mauritius)
[4]
[23]
Poenskop or
black musselcracker ,
Cymatoceps nasutus (Castelnau, 1861) (
Cape Columbine to
Durban )
[4]
[22]
[23]
Blacktail,
Diplodus capensis (Smith, 1844) (Angola to Madagascar)
[4]
[22] also recorded as syn. Diplodus sargus capensis (Smith, 1844).
[23]
Zebra,
Diplodus hottentotus (Smith, 1844), also recorded as syn.
Diplodus cervinus hottentotus (Smith, 1844) (
Cape Point to
Sodwana Bay )
[4]
[22]
[23]
Janbruin, John Brown,
Gymnocrotaphus curvidens Günther, 1859 (
Cape Point to
Durban )
[4]
[22]
[23]
West coast steenbras,
Lithognathus aureti Smith, 1962 (West coast;
Cape Town to Angola)
[4]
[22]
White steenbras ,
Lithognathus lithognathus (Cuvier, 1829) (
Orange River to
Durban )
[4]
[22]
[23]
Sand steenbras , striped seabream,
Lithognathus mormyrus (Linnaeus, 1758)(Mediterranean to the
Cape of Good Hope and round to Mozambique)
[4]
[22]
[23]
Blue hottentot,
Pachymetopon aeneum (Gilchrist & Thompson, 1908) (
Cape Point to
Sodwana Bay )
[4]
[22]
[23]
Hottentot,
Pachymetopon blochii (Valenciennes, 1830) (Angola to
Cape Agulhas )
[4]
[22]
[23]
Bronze bream,
Pachymetopon grande Günther, 1859, (TMNP MPA).
[23]
Red steenbras,
Petrus rupestris (Valenciennes, 1830) (
Cape Point to
Durban )
[4]
[22]
[23]
Seventy-four seabream,
Polysteganus undulosus (Regan, 1908), (TMNP MPA).
[23]
Panga ,
Pterogymnus laniarius (Valenciennes, 1830) (
Cape Point to Transkei)
[22] (Cape to Beira)
[4]
[23]
White stumpnose,
Rhabdosargus globiceps (Valenciennes, 1830) (Namibia to
East London )
[22] (Angola to Natal)
[4]
[23]
Cape stumpnose,
Rhabdosargus holubi (Steindachner, 1881), (TMNP MPA).
[23]
Strepie, karanteen,
Sarpa salpa (Linnaeus, 1758) (
Cape Columbine to
Maputo )
[22] (Mediterranean and eastern Atlantic round South Africa to southern Mozambique)
[4]
[23]
Musselcracker,
Sparodon durbanensis (Castelnau, 1861) (
Cape Columbine to
Durban )
[4]
[22]
[23]
Windtoy,
Spicara axillare (Boulanger, 1900) (Known only from
Cape Town to Natal)
[4]
[88]
Steentjie,
Spondyliosoma emarginatum (Valenciennes, 1830) (
Saldanha Bay to
Durban )
[22]
[23]
Family:
Bregmacerotidae – codlets
Family
Gadidae – cods
Family
Macrouridae – grenadiers
Bathygadus favosus Goode and Bean, 1886 (off Cape Town)
[4]
Bathygadus melanobranchus Vaillant, 1888 (Table Bay and Natal coast. Unverified, specimens missing)
[4]
Surgeon grenadier,
Coelorhinchus acanthiger Barnard, 1925 (off Namibia to Cape Point)
[4]
[91]
Shovelnose grenadier,
Coelorhinchus braueri Barnard, 1925 (Saldanha and Table Bay, Cape Point, East London; Angola to Mozambique)
[4]
[92]
Abyssal grenadier , armoured rat-tail, russet grenadier, smoothscale rattail,
Coryphaenoides armatus (Hector, 1875) (abyssal, all oceans except Arctic. One Atlantic record off South Africa)
[4]
[93]
Coryphaenoides striaturus Barnard, 1925 (off Cape Point)
[4]
Gadomus capensis , (Gilchrist and von Bonde, 1924) (Table Bay to Mozambique)
[4]
Kuronezumia leonis (Barnard, 1925), syn. Nezumia leonis (off Cape Point, Namibia, southwestern Atlantic)
[4]
[94]
Softhead grenadier, softhead rat-tail,
Malacocephalus laevis (Lowe, 1843) (off South Africa; widespread in Atlantic and Indian oceans)
[4]
[95]
Nezumia brevibarbata (Barnard, 1925) (Cape Point; known only off the Cape, where it is common)
[4]
Roughsnout grenadier, roughsnout rat-tail,
Trachyrincus scabrus (Rafinesque, 1810) (Namibia, west coast of South Africa; eastern North Atlantic and Mediterranean sea)
[4]
[96]
Family
Melanonidae – melanonids
Pelagic cod,
Melanonus gracilis Günther, 1878 (circum-Antarctic south of Subtropical convergence; off Cape Peninsula)
[4]
[97]
Family
Merlucciidae – hakes
Family
Moridae – deepsea cods
Blackcod, blue antimora, blue hake,
Antimora rostrata (Günther, 1878) (locally abundant, found in most oceans)
[3]
[100]
Guttigadus globiceps (Gilchrist, 1906), syn. Laemonema globiceps (off south-western Cape coast)
[3]
[101]
Lepidion capensis Gilchrist, 1922 (Cape to East London)
[3]
Physiculus capensis Gilchrist, 1922 (Cape Peninsula to East London)
[3]
Tripterophycis gilchristi Boulenger, 1902 (upper slope off the Cape and Durban)
[3]
Family
Gobiesocidae – clingfishes
[102]
Family:
Gobiidae – gobies
[103]
Subfamily
Gobiinae
Agulhas goby,
Caffrogobius agulhensis (Barnard, 1927) (
False Bay to
East London )
[4]
Banded goby,
Caffrogobius caffer (Günther, 1874) (Natal to
False Bay )
[3]
[4]
[23]
Prison goby,
Caffrogobius gilchristi (Boulenger, 1898) (
Table Bay to Mozambique Island)
[3]
[4] (syn. Caffrogobius multifasciatus )
Barehead goby,
Caffrogobius nudiceps (Valenciennes, 1827) (
Walvis Bay to
East London )
[3]
[4]
[23]
Commafin goby,
Caffrogobius saldanha (Barnard, 1927) (
Saldanha Bay to southern Transkei)
[4]
Knysna sandgoby,
Psammogobius knysnaensis Smith, 1935 (
Port Nolloth to northern KwaZulu-Natal)
[3]
[4]
[23]
Pelagic goby ,
Sufflogobius bibarbatus (von Bonde, 1923) (
Port Nolloth to
Saldanha Bay )
[4]
Family
Gonorynchidae – beaked sandfish
Family
Lampridae – opahs
Spotted opah, Jerusalem haddock, moonfish,
Lampris guttatus (Brünnich, 1788) (all oceans but not in polar waters, occurs throughout South African waters, usually well offshore)
[4]
[104]
Southern opah,
Lampris immaculatus Gilchrist, 1904 (circumglobal south of 30°S)
[4]
Family
Lophotidae – crestfishes
Unicorn crestfish,
Eumecichthys fiski (Günther, 1890) (1 specimen, Kalk Bay in False Bay)
[4]
Crestfish,
Lophotus lacepede Giorna, 1809 (Cape to Plettenberg Bay, rare but widely distributed in all oceans)
[4]
Family
Radiicephalidae – tapertails
Family
Regalecidae – oarfishes
Family
Trachipteridae – ribbonfishes
Family
Ceratiidae – seadevils
Deepsea angler, twoclub angler,
Ceratias holboelli Krøyer, 1845 (single specimen off Cape Town at 34°12'S, 16°35'E; nearly cosmopolitan in the world's oceans)
[4]
[106]
Ceratias tentaculatus (Norman, 1930) (off Saldanha Bay, off southern Natal, off Delagoa Bay and throughout southern oceans)
[4]
Triplewart seadevil,
Cryptopsaras couesii Gill, 1883 (off Cape of Good Hope, all major oceans)
[4]
[107]
Family
Himantolophidae – footballfish
Family
Melanocetidae – devil-anglers
Family
Antennariidae – anglers
Family
Lophiidae – monks
[109]
Blackmouth angler,
Lophiomus setigerus (Vahl, 1797) (Indo-West Pacific south to False Bay)
[4]
[110]
Monkfish, devil anglerfish,
Lophius vomerinus (Valenciennes, 1837), syn. Lophius upsicephalus (off Cape of Good Hope; eastern South Atlantic and south western Indian Ocean off South Africa; Bay of Bengal off Burma)
[4]
[111] also recorded as Lophius sp.
[23]
Family
Mugilidae
[112]
Groovy mullet,
Chelon dumerili (Steindachner, 1870), (TMNP MPA).
[23]
Flathead mullet,
Mugil cephalus Linnaeus, 1758, (TMNP MPA).
[23]
Harder,
Chelon richardsonii (Smith, 1846), also recorded as syn. Liza richardsonii (Smith, 1846), (TMNP MPA).
[23]
[113]
Striped mullet,
Chelon tricuspidens (Smith, 1935), (TMNP MPA).
[23]
Family
Myctophidae – lanternfishes
Bolinichthys supralateralis (Parr, 1928) (off Cape Peninsula and in Agulgas current; Atlantic (40°N – 02°S and 32° to 40°S); Indian Ocean (21° – 30°S); west coast of Australia and near Hawaii)
[4]
Diaphus effulgens (Goode and Bean, 1896) (off all SA coasts)
[4]
Diaphus mollis Tåning, 1928 (off all SA coasts, broadly tropical distribution in all major oceans)
[4]
Diaphus taaningi Norman, 1930 (over west coast continental shelf/slope southward to 24°S. Amphitropical species in Atlantic (western sector); tropical waters to 42°N; eastern sector: southward from Mauretanian upwelling region to South African region)
[4]
Electrona risso (Cocco, 1829) (off east and west coasts of South Africa. Widespread in Atlantic (55°N – 40°S), Mediterranean, Indian Ocean (0° – 40°S), Tasman sea and Cook Strait, and eastern Pacific (42°N – 20°S))
[4]
Gonichthys barnesi Whitley, 1943 (off east and west coasts, south of 30°S. Convergence species in all 3 oceans (30° – 40°S))
[4]
Gymnoscopelus braueri (Lönnberg, 1905) (circumglobal between Subtropical convergence and Antarctica)
[4]
Hygophum hanseni (Tåning, 1932) (from 30°S on west coast to 33°S on east coast. Convergence species (30° to 43°S) in all 3 oceans)
[4]
Hygophum hygomii (Lütken, 1892) (west of Cape Peninsula and off east coast (25° – 37°S))
[4]
Hygophum proximum Bekker, 1965) (south to about 37°S in Agulhas current; Indian Ocean (25°N – 10°S))
[4]
Lampadena notialis Nafpaktitis and Paxton, 1968 (Off east coast and Cape Peninsula; convergence species in all 3 oceans)
[4]
Mirror lampfish, mirror lanternfish,
Lampadena speculigera Goode and Bean, 1896 (off west and southeast coasts. Atlantic (66° – 35°N and 35° – 45°S), Indian Ocean (30° to 45°S) and Pacific Ocean (30° – 45°S))
[4]
[114]
Hector's lanternfish,
Lampanyctodes hectoris (Günther, 1876), (TMNP MPA).
[23]
Lampanyctus alatus Goode and Bean, 1896 (off all South African coasts; Atlantic (46°N – 38°S), Indian Ocean (0° – 39°S)
[4]
Southern lanternfish ,
Lampanyctus australis Tåning, 1932 (off all South African coasts; circumglobal convergence species (33° – 43°S with northern extension to about 27°S in eastern boundary currents))
[4]
[115]
Lampanyctus festivus Tåning, 1928 (off all South African coasts. Atlantic(53° – 18°N and 28° – 40°S with northern extension to 12°S in Benguela current and Indo-West Pacific.)
[4]
Lampanyctus lepidolychnus Bekker, 1967 (off all South African coasts, circumglobal convergence species (23° – 48°S))
[4]
Rakery beaconlamp,
Lampanyctus macdonaldi (Goode and Bean, 1896) (west of Cape Peninsula, circumglobal between subtropical convergence and Antarctic polar front)
[4]
[116]
Lampanyctus pusillus (Johnson, 1890) (off all South African coasts. Bisubtropical species in all major oceans)
[4]
Lampichthys procerus (Brauer, 1904) (off Cape Peninsula, circumglobal convergence species (32° – 48°S) with extensions into lower latitudes in eastern boundary currents)
[4]
Lobianchia dofleini (Zugmayer, 1911) (off all South African coasts. Mediterranean, Atlantic (50°N – 40°S), Indian Ocean (23° – 38°S), Tasman sea and south Pacific(region of subtropical convergence))
[4]
Lobianchia gemellarii (Cocco, 1838) (off all South African coasts, worldwide in tropical/subtropical waters)
[4]
Metelectrona ventralis (Bekker, 1063) (west of Cape Peninsula in southern Benguela upwelling region; circumglobal subantarctic species (36°-51°S))
[4]
Myctophum phengodes (Lütken, 1892) (off all South African coasts)
[4]
Myctophum selenops Tåning, 1928 (west of Cape peninsula in Agulhas water pockets)
[4]
Nannobrachium atrum (Tåning, 1928), syn. Lampanyctus ater (off all South African coasts; Atlantic (58° – 17°N and 15° – 40°S) and Indian Ocean (12° – 44°S))
[4]
[117]
Notolychnus valdiviae (Brauer, 1904) (off all South African coasts)
[4]
Patchwork lampfish,
Notoscopelus resplendens (Richardson, 1845) (off all South African coasts)
[4]
[118]
Protomyctophum normani Tåning, 1932 (once west of Slangkop lighthouse; circumglobal convergence species (36° – 43°S))
[4]
Scopelopsis multipunctatus Brauer, 1906 (off all South African coasts)
[4]
Symbolophorus barnardi (Tåning, 1932) (off all South African coasts)
[4]
Family
Halosauridae – halosaurs
Family
Notacanthidae – spiny eels
Family
Aphyonidae – aphyonids
Family
Bythitidae – bythitids or brotulas
Megacataetyx niki (Cohen, 1981), recorded as
Cataetyx niki Cohen, 1981 (2 specimens from off the Cape)
[4]
[123]
Lesser orange brotula,
Dermatopsoides talboti Cohen, 1966 (Saldanha Bay to Algoa Bay)
[4]
[23]
Bighead brotula,
Grammonus opisthodon Smith, 1934, recorded as syn. Grammonoides opisthodon (Smith, 1934), (TMNP MPA).
[23]
[124]
Family
Ophidiidae – cuskeels
Family
Alepocephalidae – slickheads
Family
Opisthoproctidae – barreleyes
Family
Microstomatidae
Family
Bathylagidae
Melanolagus bericoides (Borodin, 1929) recorded as syn. Bathylagus bericoides (Borodin, 1929) (off Cape Town, throughout tropical and subtropical seas)
[4]
[129]
Family:
Pseudochromidae – dottybacks
Subfamily:
Congrogadinae – snakelets
Suborder:
Cottoidei
[130]
Family:
Psychrolutidae – fatheads
Family:
Liparidae – snailfishes
Suborder
Percoidei
[132]
Suborder
Serranoidei
[133]
Family:
Serranidae – rockcods (groupers) and seabasses
Subfamily:
Epinephelinae
Subfamily:
Serraninae
Suborder
Scorpaenoidei
Family:
Congiopodidae – horsefishes
Family:
Scorpaenidae
Family:
Sebastidae
Family:
Tetrarogidae – waspfishes
[136]
Family:
Triglidae – gurnards
[137]
Suborder:
Uranoscopoidei
[139]
Family:
Ammodytidae – Sandlances
[140]
Family:
Uranoscopidae – Stargazers
Suborder:
Zoarcoidei
Family:
Zoarcidae – Eelpouts
Family
Cynoglossidae
Family
Soleidae – soles
East Coast sole,
Austroglossus pectoralis (Kaup, 1858)
Lemon sole,
Barnardichthys fulvomarginata (Gilchrist, 1904), syn. Solea fulvomarginata Gilchrist, 1904, (False Bay and eastwards)
[6]
[23]
Cape sole,
Heteromycteris capensis Kaup, 1858, (Both sides of Cape Peninsula)
[6]
[23]
Blackhand sole,
Pegusa nasuta (Pallas, 1814), recorded as syn. Solea bleekeri Boulenger, 1898, (TMNP MPA).
[23]
[141]
Lace sole,
Synapturichthys kleinii (Risso, 1827), (Both sides of the Cape Peninsula)
[6]
[142]
[23]
Family
Cyematidae – arrow eels
Family:
Ariommatidae
Family:
Bramidae – pomfrets
[144]
Family:
Caristiidae
Family:
Centrolophidae – Ruffs
Black ruff,
Centrolophus niger (Gmelin, 1789) (Temperate waters of Australia, New Zealand, South America and South Africa, also North Atlantic and Mediterranean)
[4]
Antarctic butterfish,
Hyperoglyphe antarctica (Carmichael, 1818) (Temperate waters; islands of south Atlantic and southern Indian oceans; New Zealand, southern Australia and South Africa)
[4]
Schedophilus huttoni (Waite, 1910) (Circumglobal in southern ocean, taken off
Cape Town , common off Namibia)
[4]
Black butterfish or peregrine driftfish,
Schedophilus velaini (Sauvage, 1879) (Gulf of Guinea, to South Africa)
[4] (syn. Hyperoglyphe moselii (Cunningham, 1910))
Flabby driftfish,
Tubbia tasmanica Whitley, 1943 (Temperate waters of Southern Ocean; New Zealand, Tasmania and South Africa off Natal)
[4]
Family:
Chiasmodontidae – Swallowers
[146]
Family:
Gempylidae – snake mackerels
[147]
Snake mackerel ,
Gempylus serpens Cuvier, 1829 (Worldwide in tropical and subtropical waters, sometimes in temperate latitudes)
[4]
Escolar ,
Lepidocybium flavobrunneum (Smith, 1849) (Tropical and subtropical waters of all oceans)
[4]
Sackfish,
Neoepinnula orientalis (Gilchrist & von Bonde, 1924) (All oceans near edge of continental shelf and islands)
[4]
Oilfish ,
Ruvettus pretiosus Cocco, 1879 (Tropical and temperate parts of all oceans)
[4]
Snoek,
Thyrsites atun (Euphrasen, 1791) (Namibia to
Port Elizabeth )
[3]
[4]
[23]
Family:
Nomeidae – Driftfishes
[148]
Black fathead,
Cubiceps baxteri McCulloch, 1923 (Atlantic, Pacific and Indian Oceans)
[4]
Blue fathead ,
Cubiceps caeruleus Regan, 1914 (Southern Atlantic and Pacific Oceans)
[4]
Cape fathead,
Cubiceps capensis (Smith, 1845) (Probably circumglobal in southern hemisphere)
[4]
Longfin fathead,
Cubiceps pauciradiatus Günther, 1872 (Atlantic, Pacific and Indian Oceans)
[4]
Bluebottle fish,
Nomeus gronovii Gmelin, 1789 (Circumglobal in warm waters)
[4]
[23]
Banded driftfish,
Psenes arafurensis Günther, 1889 (Atlantic, Pacific and Indian Ocean)
[4]
Freckled driftfish,
Psenes cyanophrys Valenciennes, 1883 (Atlantic, Pacific and Indian Oceans)
[4]
Silver driftfish,
Psenes maculatus Lütken, 1880 (Atlantic, Pacific and Indian Oceans)
[4]
Blackrag,
Psenes pellucidus Lütken, 1880 (Atlantic, Pacific and Indian Oceans)
[4]
Shadow driftfish,
Cubiceps whiteleggii (Waite, 1894) Psenes whiteleggi Waite, 1894 (Indian Ocean and Australia)
[4]
Family:
Pomatomidae – elf
[149]
Family:
Scombridae – tunas, mackerels and bonitos
[150]
Subfamily:
Gasterochismatinae
Subfamily:
Scombrinae
Wahoo ,
Acanthocybium solandri (Cuvier, 1831) (Worldwide in tropical and subtropical waters. From South Africa:
Algoa Bay , off
Durban , and
Sodwana Bay . one record west of
Cape Point )
[4]
Slender tuna ,
Allothunnus fallai Serventy, 1948 (Worldwide between 20° and 50° S. From South Africa:
Miller's Point and Rooikrans in
False Bay )
[4]
Bullet tuna ,
Auxis rochei Risso, 1810 (Cosmopolitan in warm waters. From South Africa:
Hout Bay ,
Mossel Bay and Natal)
Frigate tuna ,
Auxis thazard (Lacepède, 1800)
[3]
Skipjack tuna ,
Katsuwonus pelamis (Linnaeus, 1758) (
False Bay ,
Algoa Bay to
Delagoa Bay )
[3]
[4]
[23]
Atlantic bonito,
Sarda sarda (Bloch, 1793), (TMNP MPA).
[23]
Mackerel, chub mackerel,
Scomber japonicus Houttuyn, 1782 (Namibia to Maputo)
[3] (Cape to Natal, cosmopolitan in warm waters)
[4]
[23]
Albacore or longfin tunny,
Thunnus alalunga (Bonnaterre, 1788) (Off Western Cape, Cosmopolitan between 45°-50°N and 30°-40°S)
[4]
Yellowfin tuna ,
Thunnus albacares (Bonnaterre, 1788) (Angola to Natal)
[4]
Southern bluefin tuna ,
Thunnus maccoyii (Castelnau, 1872) (Off Cape region in winter, probably throughout southern oceans south of 30°S)
[4]
Bigeye tuna ,
Thunnus obesus (Lowe, 1839) (Off Cape region, Worldwide in tropical and subtropical waters)
[4]
Bluefin tuna ,
Thunnus thynnus (Linnaeus, 1758) (
Agulhas Bank and
False Bay )
[4]
Family:
Stromateidae
Family:
Tetragonuridae – Squaretails
Family:
Trichiuridae – frostfishes
[151]
Buttersnoek,
Lepidopus caudatus (Euphrasen, 1788) (Mediterranean, eastern Atlantic from Norway to South Africa, Australia and new Zealand)
[4]
Cutlass fish,
Trichiurus lepturus Linnaeus, 1758 (Cosmopolitan in tropical and temperate waters)
[4]
Family
Ariidae – sea catfishes
Family
Gonostomatidae – bristlemouths
Cyclothone acclinidens Garman, 1899 (off Cape Point; tropical/subtropical in all 3 major oceans)
[4]
Veiled anglemouth,
Cyclothone microdon (Günther, 1878) (Saldanha Bay to Mossel Bay; all 3 major oceans)
[4]
[152]
Bicolored bristlemouth, tan bristlemouth
Cyclothone pallida Brauer, 1902 (all 3 major oceans)
[4]
Diplophos rebainsi Krefft and Parin, 1972 (off south western Cape coast; southern Atlantic and south-eastern Pacific Oceans)
[4]
Diplophos taenia Günther, 1873 (all 3 major oceans; all around SA coast)
[4]
Gonostoma denudatum Rafineque, 1810 (Temperate/subtropical Atlantic; off southern Africa to ca. 37°S)
[4]
Sigmops bathyphilus (Vaillant, 1884), syn. Gonostoma bathyphilum (off Cape Point; temperate/subtropical Atlantic and Pacific oceans)
[4]
[153]
Family
Phosichthyidae – lightfishes
Ichthyococcus australis Mukhacheva, 1980 (circumglobal in subtropical convergence region of southern hemisphere with records between 30° and 40°S in Atlantic sector of our region)
[4]
Slender lightfish
Vinciguerria attenuata (Cocco, 1838) (off Cape Point; all 3 major oceans)
[4]
[154]
Family
Sternoptychidae – hatchetfishes
Muller's pearlsides,
Maurolicus muelleri (Gmelin, 1788) (all oceans, more common in colder regions)
[4]
[155]
Lightfish,
Maurolicus walvisensis Parin & Kobyliansky, 1993, (TMNP MPA).
[23]
Valenciennellus tripunctulatus (Esmark, 1871), syn. Valenciennellus tripunctatus (all oceans, tropical, subtropical and temperate waters)
[4]
[156]
Atlantic silver hatchetfish, longspine silver hatchetfish,
Argyropelecus aculeatus Valenciennes, 1849 (worldwide in tropical and temperate seas)
[4]
[157]
Greater silver hatchetfish,
Argyropelecus gigas Norman, 1930 (southeast of Cape of Good Hope; Indian Ocean to 40°S and south Atlantic to 38°S)
[4]
[158]
Short silver hatchetfish
Argyropelecus hemigymnus Cocco, 1829 (worldwide distribution, common in SA waters to 35°S)
[4]
[159]
Transparent hatchetfish,
Sternoptyx diaphana Hermann, 1781 (worldwide in tropical and temperate seas)
[4]
[160]
Sternoptyx pseudodiaphana Borodulina, 1977 (Indian Ocean south of 35°S; circumglobal in Southern Ocean; Benguela current)
[4]
Family:
Stomiidae
Astronesthes boulengeri Gilchrist, 1902 (southeast of Cape Point, circumpolar between 30° and 40°S)
[4]
Astronesthes indicus Brauer, 1902 (circumglobal in tropical waters, taken between 33° and 35°S on Atlantic side)
[4]
Bathophilus digitatus (Welsh, 1923) (single specimen from off Cape Town; North Atlantic, Indian and Pacific oceans)
[4]
Bathophilus longipinnis (Pappenheim, 1914) (off Cape Town; occurs widely in all 3 major oceans)
[4]
Bathophilus nigerrimus Giglioli, 1884 (off Cape Town and off Port Elizabeth to Mozambique Channel)
[4]
Chauliodus sloani Bloch and Schneider, 1801 (offshore throughout southern Africa)
[4]
Echiostoma barbatum Lowe, 1843 (off Cape Town, southeast of Algoa Bay; widespread in tropical/subtropical waters of all oceans)
[4]
Eustomias bulbornatus Gibbs, 1960 (south and west of Cape of Good Hope; tropical Indian and Pacific oceans)
[4]
Eustomias filifer (Gilchrist, 1906) (off Cape Point; tropical and subtropical Atlantic)
[4]
Eustomias grandibulbus Gibbs, Clarke and Gomon, 1983 (off Cape Town)
[4]
Eustomias lipochirus Regan and Trewavas, 1930 (2 specimens from south west of Cape of Good Hope; Tropical/subtropical Atlantic)
[4]
Eustomias schmidti Regan and Trewavas, 1930 (off Cape Town; occurs widely in all 3 major oceans)
[4]
Eustomias trewavasae Norman, 1930 (circumglobal between about 33° and 40°S)
[4]
Leptostomias gladiator (Zugmayer, 1911) (tropical, subtropical and temperate Atlantic, also Indian and Pacific oceans)
[4]
Melanostomias niger Gilchrist and von Bonde, 1924 (widespread in Atlantic between 20° and 50°S)
[4]
Melanostomias valdiviae Brauer, 1902 (off Cape Town and northeast of Durban; all 3 major oceans)
[4]
Opostomias micripnus (Günther, 1878) (northwest of Cape Town; occurs across the Atlantic, Pacific and possibly Indian Ocean south of about 33°S)
[4] (syn. Opostomias gibsonpacei Barnard, 1948)
Pachystomias microdon (Günther, 1878) (off Western Cape coast; widespread in all 3 major oceans)(Günther, 1878)
[4]
Photonectes braueri (Zugmayer, 1913) (off Cape Town; Atlantic and western Indian Ocean)
[4]
Photonectes parvimanus Regan and Trewavas, 1930 (off west coast; north Atlantic and central Pacific)
[4]
Trigonolampa miriceps Regan and Trewavas, 1930 (off west coast; apparently circumglobal in Southern Ocean south of 30°S)
[4]
Boa dragonfish, scaly dragonfish,
Stomias boa boa (
Risso , 1810) (offshore throughout southern Africa)
[4]
[161]
Stomias longibarbatus (Brauer, 1902), syn. Macrostomias longibarbatus (taken once off Cape of Good Hope, widespread in subtropical and tropical Atlantic and tropical Indian and Pacific oceans)
[4]
[162]
Family
Centriscidae – snipefishes and shrimpfishes
Family
Fistulariidae – flutemouths
Serrate flutemouth,
Fistularia petimba Lacepède, 1803 (Atlantic, Indian and western Pacific oceans; east coast of Africa south to Mossel Bay; also reported from Walvis Bay and False Bay)
[4]
Family
Syngnathidae – seahorses and pipefishes
Family
Diodontidae
Family
Molidae
[165]
Family
Ostraciidae
Family
Tetraodontidae – puffers
Family
Oreosomatidae
Family
Zeidae
Reptiles
Mostly vagrant turtles and the occasional sea snake.
Family
Dermochelyidae
Family
Cheloniidae
Family
Elapidae
Birds
As of 2022, 39 species of seabirds and shorebirds are known to use the marine protected area.
12 species of seabird nest in the TMNP MPA, six of these are endemic to the region. Four of the endemics are listed as endangered, one is near threatened, and one is of least concern.
Family:
Charadriidae
African oystercatcher , Haemotopus moquini (Bonaparte, 1856)
[3]
[167] (Lüderitz, Namibia to Mazeppa Bay, Eastern Cape, South Africa)
Black oystercatcher ,
Haematopus bachmani (TMNP MPA).
[167]
Grey plover , black-bellied plover,
Pluvialis squatarola (Linnaeus, 1758), (TMN MPA).
[167]
White-fronted plover ,
Charadrius marginatus Vieillot, 1818, (TMNP MPA),
[167]
Family
Laridae
Caspian tern,
Hydroprogne caspia (Pallas, 1770), (TMNP MPA).
[167]
Grey-headed gull
Larus cirrocephalus Vieillot, 1818, (TMNP MPA).
[167]
Southern African kelp gull,
Larus dominicanus Lichtenstein, 1823, recorded as Larus dominicanus vetula , (TMNP MPA).
[167]
Hartlaub's gull
Larus hartlaubii Bruch, 1853, Least concern, breeding colonies.
[167]
Greater crested tern, swift tern,
Sterna bergii Lichtenstein, 1823, recorded as syn.
Thalasseus bergii (Lichtenstein, 1823), (TMNP MPA).
[167]
[168]
Common tern,
Sterna hirundo Linnaeus, 1758. (TMNP MPA).
[167]
Sandwich tern
Sterna sandvicensis Latham, 1787, recorded as syn. Thalasseus sandvicensis (Latham, 1787), (TMNP MPA).
[167]
Antarctic tern,
Sterna vittata Gmelin, 1789, (TMNP MPA).
[167]
Damara tern,
Sternula balaenarum (Strickland, 1852), (TMNP MPA).
[167]
Sabine's gull,
Xema sabini (Sabine, 1819), (TMNP MPA).
[167]
Family
Scolopacidae
Ruddy turnstone,
Arenaria interpres (Linnaeus, 1758), (TMNP MPA).
[167]
Sanderling
Calidris alba (Pallas, 1764), (TMNP MPA).
[167]
Red knot,
Calidris canutus (Linnaeus, 1758), (TMNP MPA).
[167]
Bar-tailed godwit,
Limosa lapponica (Linnaeus, 1758), (TMNP MPA).
[167]
Whimbrel,
Numenius phaeopus (Linnaeus, 1758), (TMNP MPA).
[167]
Family
Stercorariidae
Family
Ardeidae
Family
Anhingidae
Family
Pelecanidae
Family
Threskiornithidae
Family
Phoenicopteridae
Greater flamingo,
Phoenicopterus ruber Linnaeus, 1758, recorded as syn. Phoenicopterus roseus Pallas, 1811, (TMNP MPA).
[167]
Family
Diomedeidae
Family
Procellaridae
Pintado, Cape petrel,
Daption capense (Linnaeus, 1758), (TMNP MPA).
[167]
Southern giant petrel,
Macronectes giganteus (Gmelin, 1789), (TMNP MPA).
[167]
White-chinned petrel,
Procellaria aequinoctialis Linnaeus, 1758, (TMNP MPA).
[167]
Sooty shearwater,
Puffinus griseus (Gmelin, 1789), (TMNP MPA).
[167]
Family
Hydrobatidae
Family:
Spheniscidae
Family
Sulidae – gannets and boobies
Cape gannet ,
Morus capensis (Lichtenstein, 1823), (Breeding: three islands off Namibia and three islands off South Africa. Otherwise: coastal waters off the Gulf of Guinea to Mozambique) Endangered.
[3]
[167]
Family:
Phalacrocoracidae – Cormorants
Crowned cormorant ,
Microcarbo coronatus (Wahlberg, 1855), (Swakopmund to Cape Agulhas)
[3] Near threatened, with breeding colonies.
[167]
Cape cormorant ,
Phalacrocorax capensis Sparrman, 1788, (Breeding: Namibia to southern Cape Province, Otherwise: Mouth of the Congo to Mozambique)
[3] Endangered, with breeding colonies.
[167]
Great cormorant , white-breasted cormorant,
Phalacrocorax carbo (Linnaeus, 1758), (TMNP MPA).
[167]
Bank cormorant ,
Phalacrocorax neglectus (Wahlberg, 1855), (Namibia and the west coast of South Africa)
[3] Endangered, with breeding colonies.
[167]
Mammals
Family
Mustelidae – weasels and others
Subfamily
Lutrinae –
otters
Family
Otariidae –
eared seals
Family
Phocidae – true seals
Superfamily
Mysticeti –
baleen whales
[171]
Family
Balaenidae – right whales
Southern right whale,
Eubalaena australis Desmoulins, 1822 (pelagic, Southern Ocean, winters along the South African coast from central Namibia to southern Mozambique )
[3]
[170]
Family
Balaenopteridae – rorquals
Family
Neobalaenidae
Superfamily
Odontoceti
Family
Delphinidae –
oceanic dolphins
Heaviside's dolphin ,
Cephalorhynchus heavisidii (Gray, 1828), (TMNP MPA).
[170]
[172]
Long-beaked common dolphin,
Delphinus delphis Linnaeus, 1758, recorded as syn.
Delphinus capensis Gray, 1828 (warm-temperate and tropical waters)
[3]
[170]
[173]
Dusky dolphin ,
Lagenorhynchus obscurus (Gray, 1828), also recorded as
Sagmatias obscurus Gray, 1828, (Namibian coast to the Cape Peninsula)
[3]
[174]
[175]
Killer whale,
orca ,
Orcinus orca Linnaeus, 1758 (pelagic, all oceans)
[3]
[170]
False killer whale ,
Pseudorca crassidens (Owen, 1846), (TMNP MPA).
[170]
Striped dolphin ,
Stenella coeruleoalba (Meyen, 1833), (TMNP MPA).
[170]
Common bottlenose dolphin ,
Tursiops truncatus Montagu, 1821 (pelagic open ocean though not polar seas)
[3]
[170]
Geographical position of places mentioned in species ranges
Agulhas Bank , Western Cape
35°30′S 21°00′E / 35.5°S 21°E / -35.5; 21
Algoa Bay ,
Eastern Cape ,
33°55′S 25°42′E / 33.917°S 25.700°E / -33.917; 25.700
Bashee River , Eastern Cape
32°15′S 28°54′E / 32.250°S 28.900°E / -32.250; 28.900
Beira, Mozambique
19°50′S 34°51′E / 19.833°S 34.850°E / -19.833; 34.850
Blaauwberg , Western Cape,
33°48′S 18°27′E / 33.800°S 18.450°E / -33.800; 18.450
Cape Agulhas , Western Cape,
34°50′00″S 20°00′09″E / 34.83333°S 20.00250°E / -34.83333; 20.00250
Cape Columbine , Western Cape,
32°49′39″S 17°51′23″E / 32.82750°S 17.85639°E / -32.82750; 17.85639
Cape Frio , Namibia,
18°26′12″S 12°00′17″E / 18.43667°S 12.00472°E / -18.43667; 12.00472
Cape of Good Hope , Western Cape,
34°21′29″S 018°28′19″E / 34.35806°S 18.47194°E / -34.35806; 18.47194 (sometimes used historically to refer to the
Cape Province , or South Africa)
Cape Peninsula , Western Cape
34°12′S 18°24′E / 34.200°S 18.400°E / -34.200; 18.400
Coffee Bay , Eastern Cape,
31°58′S 29°09′E / 31.967°S 29.150°E / -31.967; 29.150
Dassen Island , Western Cape,
33°25′S 18°5′E / 33.417°S 18.083°E / -33.417; 18.083
Dassie Point , False Bay,
Delagoa Bay , Mozambique,
25°59′S 32°42′E / 25.983°S 32.700°E / -25.983; 32.700
Doring Bay (
Doringbaai ), Western Cape,
31°49′S 18°14′E / 31.817°S 18.233°E / -31.817; 18.233
Durban , KwaZulu-Natal,
29°51′S 31°01′E / 29.850°S 31.017°E / -29.850; 31.017
East London , Eastern Cape,
32°59′S 027°52′E / 32.983°S 27.867°E / -32.983; 27.867
Elands Bay , Western Cape,
32°18′S 18°19′E / 32.300°S 18.317°E / -32.300; 18.317
False Bay , Western Cape,
34°14′S 18°39′E / 34.233°S 18.650°E / -34.233; 18.650
Gordon's Bay Western Cape
34°10′00″S 18°52′00″E / 34.16667°S 18.86667°E / -34.16667; 18.86667
Hermanus , Western Cape,
34°25′S 19°14′E / 34.417°S 19.233°E / -34.417; 19.233
Hout Bay , Cape Peninsula, Western Cape,
34°03′30″S 18°21′20″E / 34.05833°S 18.35556°E / -34.05833; 18.35556
Inhaca , Mozambique,
26°0′S 32°55′E / 26.000°S 32.917°E / -26.000; 32.917
Jeffrey's Bay , Eastern Cape,
34°2′S 24°55′E / 34.033°S 24.917°E / -34.033; 24.917
Kei River , Eastern Cape,
32°40′35″S 28°23′10″E / 32.67639°S 28.38611°E / -32.67639; 28.38611
Knysna , Western Cape,
34°05′02″S 23°03′37″E / 34.08389°S 23.06028°E / -34.08389; 23.06028
Kommetjie , Western Cape,
34°08′S 18°19′E / 34.133°S 18.317°E / -34.133; 18.317
Kosi Bay , Kwa-Zulu-Natal,
26°54′06″S 32°51′59″E / 26.90167°S 32.86639°E / -26.90167; 32.86639
Lamberts Bay , Western Cape,
32°05′24″S 18°18′10″E / 32.09000°S 18.30278°E / -32.09000; 18.30278
Langebaan Lagoon, Western Cape,
33°09′S 18°04′E / 33.150°S 18.067°E / -33.150; 18.067
Limpopo River , Mozambique,
25°10′S 33°35′E / 25.167°S 33.583°E / -25.167; 33.583
Lüderitz , Namibia,
26°38′53″S 15°9′34″E / 26.64806°S 15.15944°E / -26.64806; 15.15944
Mabibi , (Mbibi) Kwa-Zulu-Natal,
29°20′10″S 32°45′10″E / 29.33611°S 32.75278°E / -29.33611; 32.75278
Mazeppa Bay , Eastern Cape,
32°28′41″S 28°39′04″E / 32.478°S 28.651°E / -32.478; 28.651
Melkbosstrand , Western Cape,
33°43′38″S 18°26′06″E / 33.72722°S 18.43500°E / -33.72722; 18.43500
Miller's Point , Cape Peninsula,
34°13′51.6″S 18°28′26.4″E / 34.231000°S 18.474000°E / -34.231000; 18.474000
Mossel Bay , Western Cape,
34°11′S 22°08′E / 34.183°S 22.133°E / -34.183; 22.133
Möwe Point (Namibia),
19°22′47.85″S 12°42′29.02″E / 19.3799583°S 12.7080611°E / -19.3799583; 12.7080611 (Möwe Point lighthouse)
Muizenberg , False Bay, Western Cape,
34°07′S 018°28′E / 34.117°S 18.467°E / -34.117; 18.467
Noordhoek , Cape Peninsula, Western Cape,
34°07′S 18°21′E / 34.117°S 18.350°E / -34.117; 18.350
Olifants River (Western Cape)
31°42′S 18°13′E / 31.700°S 18.217°E / -31.700; 18.217
Onrust River , Western Cape,
34°25′8″S 19°10′44″E / 34.41889°S 19.17889°E / -34.41889; 19.17889
Orange River , Northern Cape,
28°38′S 16°27′E / 28.633°S 16.450°E / -28.633; 16.450
Plettenberg Bay , Western Cape,
34°03′S 023°22′E / 34.050°S 23.367°E / -34.050; 23.367
Port Alfred , Eastern Cape,
33°36′15″S 26°54′12″E / 33.60417°S 26.90333°E / -33.60417; 26.90333
Port Elizabeth , Eastern Cape,
33°58′S 25°35′E / 33.967°S 25.583°E / -33.967; 25.583
Port Nolloth , Northern Cape,
22°15′S 16°52′E / 22.250°S 16.867°E / -22.250; 16.867
Port St. Johns , KwaZulu-Natal,
31°37′40″S 29°33′20″E / 31.62778°S 29.55556°E / -31.62778; 29.55556
Richards Bay , KwaZulu-Natal,
28°48′S 32°06′E / 28.800°S 32.100°E / -28.800; 32.100
Rooikrans, Cape Peninsula
34°20′28″S 18°28′23″E / 34.34111°S 18.47306°E / -34.34111; 18.47306
Saldanha Bay , Western Cape,
33°01′S 17°59′E / 33.017°S 17.983°E / -33.017; 17.983
Slangkop , Cape Peninsula,
34°08′54.59″S 18°19′11.89″E / 34.1484972°S 18.3199694°E / -34.1484972; 18.3199694
Smitswinkel Bay , False Bay, Western Cape,
34°16′S 18°28′E / 34.267°S 18.467°E / -34.267; 18.467
Sodwana Bay , KwaZulu-Natal,
27°32′S 32°41′E / 27.533°S 32.683°E / -27.533; 32.683
Storms River , Eastern Cape,
34°01′15″S 23°54′10″E / 34.02083°S 23.90278°E / -34.02083; 23.90278
Strandfontein , False Bay, Western Cape,
34°05′22″S 18°33′18″E / 34.08944°S 18.55500°E / -34.08944; 18.55500
Strandfontein , Western Cape,
31°45′20″S 18°13′38″E / 31.75556°S 18.22722°E / -31.75556; 18.22722
Swakopmund , Namibia,
22°41′S 14°32′E / 22.683°S 14.533°E / -22.683; 14.533
Table Bay , Western Cape,
33°53′S 18°27′E / 33.883°S 18.450°E / -33.883; 18.450
Tsitsikamma , Eastern Cape,
34°01′18″S 22°53′44″E / 34.02167°S 22.89556°E / -34.02167; 22.89556
Umtata River
31°56′S 29°11′E / 31.933°S 29.183°E / -31.933; 29.183
Vulcan Rock , Cape Peninsula,
34°03′58″S 18°18′35″E / 34.06611°S 18.3097°E / -34.06611; 18.3097
Walvis Bay , Namibia,
22°57′22″S 14°30′29″E / 22.95611°S 14.50806°E / -22.95611; 14.50806
Windmill Beach Simon's Town, Cape Peninsula,
34°12′04″S 18°27′24″E / 34.201°S 18.45666667°E / -34.201; 18.45666667
Xora River , Eastern Cape,
32°09′00″S 28°59′00″E / 32.15°S 28.983333°E / -32.15; 28.983333
See also
References
^
a
b
"South African National Parks – SANParks – Official Website – Accommodation, Activities, Prices, Reservations" . sanparks.org . Retrieved 24 January 2021 .
^
a
b Kock, Alison; Stanbridge, Debbie; Brink, Rene; Holness, Stephen; Harris, Linda; Gardner, Kathryn; van Wilgen-Bredenkamp, Nicola; Mayekiso, Sisanda; Jones, Georgina.
Table Mountain National Park Marine Protected Area – State of Knowledge Report March 2022 (PDF) . Internal Report 01 / 2022 (Report). Pretoria: Scientific Services, South African National Parks. Chapter 8: Research and monitoring.
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bo Branch, G.M., Branch, M.L, Griffiths, C.L. and Beckley, L.E (2005): Two Oceans: a guide to the marine life of southern Africa
ISBN
0-86486-672-0
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qq Ed. Smith, Margaret M, and Heemstra, P. Smith's sea fishes . South African Institute for Aquatic Biodiversity, Grahamstown. Struik publishers, Cape Town, 2003.
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au Kock, Alison; Stanbridge, Debbie; Brink, Rene; Holness, Stephen; Harris, Linda; Gardner, Kathryn; van Wilgen-Bredenkamp, Nicola; Mayekiso, Sisanda; Jones, Georgina.
Table Mountain National Park Marine Protected Area – State of Knowledge Report March 2022 (PDF) . Internal Report 01 / 2022 (Report). Pretoria: Scientific Services, South African National Parks. Appendix II, Table 3: Sharks and rays.
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ISBN
0-620-34230-7
^
a
b
c
d
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f King, D. & Fraser, V. More Reef Fishes and Nudibranchs Struik, Cape Town 2001.
ISBN
1-86872-686-X
^
"Dasyatis thetidis Ogilby, 1899" . WoRMS .
World Register of Marine Species . Retrieved 23 October 2023 .
^
"Dipturus pullopunctatus (Smith, 1964)" . WoRMS .
World Register of Marine Species . Retrieved 20 August 2023 .
^
"Rajella caudaspinosa (von Bonde & Swart, 1923)" . WoRMS .
World Register of Marine Species . Retrieved 20 August 2023 .
^
"Raja miraletus Linnaeus, 1758" . WoRMS .
World Register of Marine Species . Retrieved 20 August 2023 .
^
"Rajella ravidula (Hulley, 1970)" . WoRMS .
World Register of Marine Species . Retrieved 20 August 2023 .
^
"Amblyraja hyperborea (Collett, 1879)" . WoRMS .
World Register of Marine Species . Retrieved 20 August 2023 .
^
"Malacoraja spinacidermis (Barnard, 1923)" . WoRMS .
World Register of Marine Species . Retrieved 20 August 2023 .
^
"Raja straeleni Poll, 1951" . WoRMS .
World Register of Marine Species . Retrieved 19 March 2014 .
^
"Leucoraja wallacei (Hulley, 1970)" . WoRMS .
World Register of Marine Species . Retrieved 20 August 2023 .
^
"Rajella barnardi (Norman, 1935)" . WoRMS .
World Register of Marine Species . Retrieved 20 August 2023 .
^
"Rajella leoparda (von Bonde & Swart, 1923)" . WoRMS .
World Register of Marine Species . Retrieved 20 August 2023 .
^
a
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c King, Dennis. Reef fishes and corals: East coast of southern Africa. Struik, Cape Town, 1996.
ISBN
1 86825 981 1
^
"Deania quadrispinosa (McCulloch, 1915)" . WoRMS .
World Register of Marine Species . Retrieved 20 August 2023 .
^
"Chaetodontidae Rafinesque, 1815" . WoRMS .
World Register of Marine Species . Retrieved 2 November 2023 .
^
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as Branch, G.M. Griffiths, C.L. Branch, M.L. Beckley, L.E. Two Oceans: A guide to the marine life of southern Africa. 5th impression, David Philip, Cape Town, 2000.
ISBN
0-86486-250-4
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el Kock, Alison; Stanbridge, Debbie; Brink, Rene; Holness, Stephen; Harris, Linda; Gardner, Kathryn; van Wilgen-Bredenkamp, Nicola; Mayekiso, Sisanda; Jones, Georgina.
Table Mountain National Park Marine Protected Area – State of Knowledge Report March 2022 (PDF) . Internal Report 01 / 2022 (Report). Pretoria: Scientific Services, South African National Parks. Appendix II, Table 4: Fish.
^
"Luvaridae Gill, 1885" . WoRMS .
World Register of Marine Species . Retrieved 2 November 2023 .
^
"Champsodontidae Jordan & Snyder, 1902" . WoRMS .
World Register of Marine Species . Retrieved 2 November 2023 .
^
"Epigonidae Poey, 1861" . WoRMS .
World Register of Marine Species . Retrieved 2 November 2023 .
^
"Acropomatiformes" . WoRMS .
World Register of Marine Species . Retrieved 2 November 2023 .
^
"Howella sherborni (Norman, 1930)" . WoRMS .
World Register of Marine Species . Retrieved 2 November 2023 .
^
"Pentacerotidae Bleeker, 1859" . WoRMS .
World Register of Marine Species . Retrieved 2 November 2023 .
^
"Polyprionidae Bleeker, 1874" . WoRMS .
World Register of Marine Species . Retrieved 2 November 2023 .
^
"Scombropidae Gill, 1862" . WoRMS .
World Register of Marine Species . Retrieved 2 November 2023 .
^
"Bassanago albescens (Barnard, 1923)" . WoRMS .
World Register of Marine Species . Retrieved 23 April 2013 .
^
"Bathyuroconger vicinus (Vaillant, 1888)" . WoRMS .
World Register of Marine Species . Retrieved 23 April 2013 .
^
"Bailly, N. (2013). Gnathophis capensis " . WoRMS .
World Register of Marine Species . Retrieved 23 April 2013 .
^
"Nessorhamphus ingolfianus (Schmidt, 1912)" . WoRMS .
World Register of Marine Species . Retrieved 23 April 2013 .
^
"Avocettina acuticeps " . WoRMS .
World Register of Marine Species . Retrieved 23 April 2013 .
^
"Nemichthys scolopaceus Richardson, 1848" . WoRMS .
World Register of Marine Species . Retrieved 23 April 2013 .
^
"Venefica proboscidea (Vaillant, 1888)" . WoRMS .
World Register of Marine Species . Retrieved 23 April 2013 .
^
"Ophichthus serpentinus " . WoRMS .
World Register of Marine Species . Retrieved 23 April 2013 .
^
"Serrivomer beanii Gill & Ryder, 1883" . WoRMS .
World Register of Marine Species . Retrieved 23 April 2013 .
^
"Diastobranchus capensis Barnard, 1923" . WoRMS .
World Register of Marine Species . Retrieved 23 April 2013 .
^
"Simenchelys parasitica Gill, 1879" . WoRMS .
World Register of Marine Species . Retrieved 23 April 2013 .
^
"Synaphobranchus kaupii Johnson, 1862" . WoRMS .
World Register of Marine Species . Retrieved 23 April 2013 .
^
"Alepisaurus ferox Lowe, 1833" . WoRMS .
World Register of Marine Species . Retrieved 22 April 2013 .
^
"Bathysauropsis gracilis " . WoRMS .
World Register of Marine Species . Retrieved 22 April 2013 .
^
"Chlorophthalmus punctatus " . WoRMS .
World Register of Marine Species . Retrieved 22 April 2013 .
^
"Coccorella atlantica (Parr, 1928)" . WoRMS .
World Register of Marine Species . Retrieved 22 April 2013 .
^
"Bathypterois filiferus Gilchrist, 1906" . WoRMS .
World Register of Marine Species . Retrieved 22 April 2013 .
^
"Bathypterois phenax Parr, 1928" . WoRMS .
World Register of Marine Species . Retrieved 22 April 2013 .
^
"Ipnops agassizii Garman, 1899" . WoRMS .
World Register of Marine Species . Retrieved 22 April 2013 .
^
"Scopelosaurus ahlstromi Bertelsen, Krefft & Marshall, 1976" . WoRMS .
World Register of Marine Species . Retrieved 22 April 2013 .
^
"Scopelosaurus hamiltoni (Waite, 1916)" . WoRMS .
World Register of Marine Species . Retrieved 22 April 2013 .
^
"Scopelosaurus herwigi " . WoRMS .
World Register of Marine Species . Retrieved 22 April 2013 .
^
"Scopelosaurus meadi " . WoRMS .
World Register of Marine Species . Retrieved 22 April 2013 .
^
"Lestidiops jayakari jayakari (Boulenger, 1889)" . WoRMS .
World Register of Marine Species . Retrieved 22 April 2013 .
^
"Macroparalepis affinis Ege, 1933" . WoRMS .
World Register of Marine Species . Retrieved 22 April 2013 .
^
"Magnisudis prionosa (Rofen, 1963)" . WoRMS .
World Register of Marine Species . Retrieved 22 April 2013 .
^
"Arctozenus risso (Bonaparte, 1840)" . WoRMS .
World Register of Marine Species . Retrieved 22 April 2013 .
^
"Sudis hyalina Rafinesque, 1810" . WoRMS .
World Register of Marine Species . Retrieved 22 April 2013 .
^
"Benthalbella infans Zugmayer, 1911" . WoRMS .
World Register of Marine Species . Retrieved 22 April 2013 .
^
"Lagiacrusichthys macropinna (Bussing & Bussing, 1966)" . WoRMS .
World Register of Marine Species . Retrieved 22 August 2023 .
^
"Benthalbella macropinna Bussing & Bussing, 1966" . WoRMS .
World Register of Marine Species . Retrieved 22 April 2013 .
^
"Scopelarchus analis (Brauer, 1902)" . WoRMS .
World Register of Marine Species . Retrieved 22 April 2013 .
^
"Trachinocephalus myops (Forster, 1801)" . WoRMS .
World Register of Marine Species . Retrieved 24 October 2023 .
^
"Chatrabus felinus " . WoRMS .
World Register of Marine Species . Retrieved 27 April 2013 .
^
"Cheilopogon altipennis (Valenciennes, 1847)" . WoRMS .
World Register of Marine Species . Retrieved 22 August 2023 .
^
"Pavoclinus caeruleopunctatus Zsilavecz, 2001" . WoRMS .
World Register of Marine Species . Retrieved 24 October 2023 .
^
"Callionymidae Bonaparte, 1831" . WoRMS .
World Register of Marine Species . Retrieved 2 November 2023 .
^
"Coryphaenidae Rafinesque, 1815" . WoRMS .
World Register of Marine Species . Retrieved 2 November 2023 .
^
"Echeneidae Rafinesque, 1810" . WoRMS .
World Register of Marine Species . Retrieved 24 October 2023 .
^
"Istiophoridae Rafinesque, 1815" . WoRMS .
World Register of Marine Species . Retrieved 24 October 2023 .
^
"Rachycentridae Gill, 1896" . WoRMS .
World Register of Marine Species . Retrieved 2 November 2023 .
^
"Xiphiidae Rafinesque, 1815" . WoRMS .
World Register of Marine Species . Retrieved 2 November 2023 .
^
"Cheilodactylidae Bonaparte, 1850" . WoRMS .
World Register of Marine Species . Retrieved 24 October 2023 .
^
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g Jones, Georgina. A Field Guide to the Marine Animals of the Cape Peninsula. SURG, Cape Town, 2008.
ISBN
978-0-620-41639-9
^
"Kyphosidae Jordan, 1887" . WoRMS .
World Register of Marine Species . Retrieved 24 October 2023 .
^
"Oplegnathidae Bleeker, 1853" . WoRMS .
World Register of Marine Species . Retrieved 24 October 2023 .
^
"Sardinella aurita Valenciennes, 1847" . WoRMS .
World Register of Marine Species . Retrieved 22 April 2013 .
^
"Sardinops sagax (Jenyns, 1842)" . WoRMS .
World Register of Marine Species . Retrieved 22 April 2013 .
^
"Etrumeus whiteheadi Wongratana, 1983" . WoRMS .
World Register of Marine Species . Retrieved 22 April 2013 .
^
"Engraulis japonicus Temminck & Schlegel, 1846" . WoRMS .
World Register of Marine Species . Retrieved 22 April 2013 .
^
"Emmelichthyidae Poey, 1867" . WoRMS .
World Register of Marine Species . Retrieved 2 November 2023 .
^
"Haemulidae Gill, 1885" . WoRMS .
World Register of Marine Species . Retrieved 24 October 2023 .
^
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b
c
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e Heemstra, Phil & Heemstra, Elaine. Coastal Fishes of Southern Africa NISC/SAIAB Grahamstown, 2004.
ISBN
1-920033-01-7
^
"Malacanthidae Poey, 1861" . WoRMS .
World Register of Marine Species . Retrieved 2 November 2023 .
^
"Monodactylidae Jordan & Evermann, 1898" . WoRMS .
World Register of Marine Species . Retrieved 2 November 2023 .
^
"Sciaenidae Cuvier, 1829" . WoRMS .
World Register of Marine Species . Retrieved 24 October 2023 .
^
"Spicara axillare (Boulenger, 1900)" . WoRMS .
World Register of Marine Species .
^
"Bregmaceros atlanticus Goode & Bean, 1886" . WoRMS .
World Register of Marine Species . Retrieved 27 April 2013 .
^
"Bregmaceros mcclellandi Thompson, 1840" . WoRMS .
World Register of Marine Species . Retrieved 27 April 2013 .
^
"Coelorinchus acanthiger Barnard, 1925" . WoRMS .
World Register of Marine Species . Retrieved 27 April 2013 .
^
"Coelorinchus braueri Barnard, 1925" . WoRMS .
World Register of Marine Species . Retrieved 27 April 2013 .
^
"Coryphaenoides armatus (Hector, 1875)" . WoRMS .
World Register of Marine Species . Retrieved 27 April 2013 .
^
"Kuronezumia leonis (Barnard, 1925)" . WoRMS .
World Register of Marine Species . Retrieved 27 April 2013 .
^
"Malacocephalus laevis (Lowe, 1843)" . WoRMS .
World Register of Marine Species . Retrieved 27 April 2013 .
^
"Trachyrincus scabrus (Rafinesque, 1810)" . WoRMS .
World Register of Marine Species . Retrieved 27 April 2013 .
^
"Melanonus gracilis Günther, 1878" . WoRMS .
World Register of Marine Species . Retrieved 27 April 2013 .
^
"Merluccius capensis Castelnau, 1861" . WoRMS .
World Register of Marine Species . Retrieved 27 April 2013 .
^
"Merluccius paradoxus Franca, 1960" . WoRMS .
World Register of Marine Species . Retrieved 27 April 2013 .
^
"Antimora rostrata (Günther, 1878)" . WoRMS .
World Register of Marine Species . Retrieved 27 April 2013 .
^
"Guttigadus globiceps (Gilchrist, 1906)" . WoRMS .
World Register of Marine Species . Retrieved 27 April 2013 .
^
"Gobiesocidae Bleeker, 1859" . WoRMS .
World Register of Marine Species . Retrieved 24 October 2023 .
^
"Gobiiformes" . WoRMS .
World Register of Marine Species . Retrieved 24 October 2023 .
^
"Lampris guttatus (Brünnich, 1788)" . WoRMS .
World Register of Marine Species . Retrieved 25 April 2013 .
^
"Agrostichthys parkeri (Benham, 1904)" . WoRMS .
World Register of Marine Species . Retrieved 25 April 2013 .
^
"Ceratias holboelli Krøyer, 1845" . WoRMS .
World Register of Marine Species . Retrieved 27 April 2013 .
^
"Cryptopsaras couesii Gill, 1883" . WoRMS .
World Register of Marine Species . Retrieved 27 April 2013 .
^
"Himantolophus groenlandicus Reinhardt, 1837" . WoRMS .
World Register of Marine Species . Retrieved 27 April 2013 .
^
"Lophiidae Rafinesque, 1810" . WoRMS .
World Register of Marine Species . Retrieved 24 October 2023 .
^
"Lophiomus setigerus " . WoRMS .
World Register of Marine Species . Retrieved 27 April 2013 .
^
"Lophius vomerinus Valenciennes, 1837" . WoRMS .
World Register of Marine Species . Retrieved 27 April 2013 .
^
"Mugilidae Jarocki, 1822" . WoRMS .
World Register of Marine Species . Retrieved 24 October 2023 .
^
"Liza richardsonii (Smith, 1846)" . WoRMS .
World Register of Marine Species . Retrieved 24 October 2023 .
^
"Lampadena speculigera Goode & Bean, 1896" . WoRMS .
World Register of Marine Species . Retrieved 28 April 2013 .
^
"Lampanyctus australis " . WoRMS .
World Register of Marine Species . Retrieved 28 April 2013 .
^
"Lampanyctus macdonaldi (Goode & Bean, 1896)" . WoRMS .
World Register of Marine Species . Retrieved 28 April 2013 .
^
"Nannobrachium atrum (Tåning, 1928)" . WoRMS .
World Register of Marine Species . Retrieved 28 April 2013 .
^
"Notoscopelus resplendens (Richardson, 1845)" . WoRMS .
World Register of Marine Species . Retrieved 28 April 2013 .
^
"Aldrovandia affinis (Günther, 1877)" . WoRMS .
World Register of Marine Species . Retrieved 23 April 2013 .
^
"Aldrovandia phalacra (Vaillant, 1888)" . WoRMS .
World Register of Marine Species . Retrieved 23 April 2013 .
^
"Halosauropsis macrochir (Günther, 1878)" . WoRMS .
World Register of Marine Species . Retrieved 23 April 2013 .
^
"Polyacanthonotus rissoanus (De Filippi & Verany, 1857)" . WoRMS .
World Register of Marine Species . Retrieved 23 April 2013 .
^
"Megacataetyx niki (Cohen, 1981)" . WoRMS .
World Register of Marine Species . Retrieved 23 October 2023 .
^
"Grammonus opisthodon Smith, 1934" . WoRMS .
World Register of Marine Species . Retrieved 23 October 2023 .
^
"Dicrolene multifilis " . WoRMS .
World Register of Marine Species . Retrieved 28 April 2013 .
^
"Porogadus miles Goode & Bean, 1885" . WoRMS .
World Register of Marine Species . Retrieved 28 April 2013 .
^
"Selachophidium guentheri Gilchrist, 1903" . WoRMS .
World Register of Marine Species . Retrieved 28 April 2013 .
^
"Xenodermichthys copei (Gill, 1884)" . WoRMS .
World Register of Marine Species . Retrieved 28 April 2013 .
^
"Melanolagus bericoides (Borodin, 1929)" . WoRMS .
World Register of Marine Species . Retrieved 28 April 2013 .
^
"Cottoidei" . WoRMS .
World Register of Marine Species . Retrieved 2 November 2023 .
^
"Psednos micrurus Barnard, 1927" . WoRMS .
World Register of Marine Species . Retrieved 23 August 2023 .
^
"Percoidei" . WoRMS .
World Register of Marine Species . Retrieved 2 November 2023 .
^
"Serranoidei" . WoRMS .
World Register of Marine Species . Retrieved 2 November 2023 .
^
"Serranus cabrilla (Linnaeus, 1758)" . WoRMS .
World Register of Marine Species . Retrieved 24 August 2023 .
^
"Congiopodus spinifer (Smith, 1839)" . WoRMS .
World Register of Marine Species . Retrieved 24 October 2023 .
^
"Tetrarogidae Smith, 1949" . WoRMS .
World Register of Marine Species . Retrieved 2 November 2023 .
^
"Triglidae Rafinesque, 1815" . WoRMS .
World Register of Marine Species . Retrieved 2 November 2023 .
^
"Chelidonichthys kumu (Cuvier, 1829)" . WoRMS .
World Register of Marine Species . Retrieved 18 January 2010 .
^
"Trachinoidei" . WoRMS .
World Register of Marine Species . Retrieved 2 November 2023 .
^
"Uranoscopoidei" . WoRMS .
World Register of Marine Species . Retrieved 2 November 2023 .
^
"Solea bleekeri Boulenger, 1898" . WoRMS .
World Register of Marine Species . Retrieved 24 October 2023 .
^
"Synapturichthys kleinii (Risso, 1827)" . WoRMS .
World Register of Marine Species . Retrieved 22 August 2023 .
^
"Neocyema erythrosoma Castle, 1978" . WoRMS .
World Register of Marine Species . Retrieved 25 April 2013 .
^
"Bramidae Bonaparte, 1831" . WoRMS .
World Register of Marine Species . Retrieved 2 November 2023 .
^
"Caristius fasciatus (Borodin, 1930)" . WoRMS .
World Register of Marine Species . Retrieved 24 October 2023 .
^
"Chiasmodontidae Jordan & Gilbert, 1883" . WoRMS .
World Register of Marine Species . Retrieved 2 November 2023 .
^
"Gempylidae Gill, 1862" . WoRMS .
World Register of Marine Species . Retrieved 24 October 2023 .
^
"Nomeidae Günther, 1860" . WoRMS .
World Register of Marine Species . Retrieved 24 October 2023 .
^
"Pomatomidae Gill, 1863" . WoRMS .
World Register of Marine Species . Retrieved 24 October 2023 .
^
"Scombridae Rafinesque, 1815" . WoRMS .
World Register of Marine Species . Retrieved 24 October 2023 .
^
"Trichiuridae Rafinesque, 1810" . WoRMS .
World Register of Marine Species . Retrieved 2 November 2023 .
^
"Cyclothone microdon (Günther, 1878)" . WoRMS .
World Register of Marine Species . Retrieved 29 April 2013 .
^
"Sigmops bathyphilus (Vaillant, 1884)" . WoRMS .
World Register of Marine Species . Retrieved 30 April 2013 .
^
"Vinciguerria attenuata (Cocco, 1838)" . WoRMS .
World Register of Marine Species . Retrieved 30 April 2013 .
^
"Maurolicus muelleri (Gmelin, 1789)" . WoRMS .
World Register of Marine Species . Retrieved 30 April 2013 .
^
"Valenciennellus tripunctulatus (Esmark, 1871)" . WoRMS .
World Register of Marine Species . Retrieved 30 April 2013 .
^
"Argyropelecus aculeatus Valenciennes, 1850" . WoRMS .
World Register of Marine Species . Retrieved 30 October 2013 .
^
"Argyropelecus gigas Norman, 1930" . WoRMS .
World Register of Marine Species . Retrieved 30 April 2013 .
^
"Argyropelecus hemigymnus Cocco, 1829" . WoRMS .
World Register of Marine Species . Retrieved 30 April 2013 .
^
"Sternoptyx diaphana Hermann, 1781" . WoRMS .
World Register of Marine Species . Retrieved 30 April 2013 .
^
"Stomias boa boa (Risso, 1810)" . WoRMS .
World Register of Marine Species . Retrieved 3 May 2013 .
^
"Stomias longibarbatus (Brauer, 1902)" . WoRMS .
World Register of Marine Species . Retrieved 31 October 2023 .
^
"Centriscops humerosus (Richardson, 1846)" . WoRMS .
World Register of Marine Species . Retrieved 22 August 2023 .
^ Kuiter, R.H. 2009. Seahorses and their Relatives
ISBN
9780977537211
^
"Molidae Bonaparte, 1835" . WoRMS .
World Register of Marine Species . Retrieved 24 October 2023 .
^
a
b
c
d Kock, Alison; Stanbridge, Debbie; Brink, Rene; Holness, Stephen; Harris, Linda; Gardner, Kathryn; van Wilgen-Bredenkamp, Nicola; Mayekiso, Sisanda; Jones, Georgina.
Table Mountain National Park Marine Protected Area – State of Knowledge Report March 2022 (PDF) . Internal Report 01 / 2022 (Report). Pretoria: Scientific Services, South African National Parks. Appendix II, Table 7: Marine reptiles.
^
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ap Kock, Alison; Stanbridge, Debbie; Brink, Rene; Holness, Stephen; Harris, Linda; Gardner, Kathryn; van Wilgen-Bredenkamp, Nicola; Mayekiso, Sisanda; Jones, Georgina.
Table Mountain National Park Marine Protected Area – State of Knowledge Report March 2022 (PDF) . Internal Report 01 / 2022 (Report). Pretoria: Scientific Services, South African National Parks. Appendix II, Table 5: Seabirds and shorebirds.
^
"Thalasseus bergii (Lichtenstein, 1823)" . WoRMS .
World Register of Marine Species . Retrieved 23 October 2023 .
^
a
b BirdLife International (2020).
"Spheniscus demersus " .
IUCN Red List of Threatened Species . 2020 : e.T22697810A157423361.
doi :
10.2305/IUCN.UK.2020-3.RLTS.T22697810A157423361.en . Retrieved 12 November 2021 .
^
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p Kock, Alison; Stanbridge, Debbie; Brink, Rene; Holness, Stephen; Harris, Linda; Gardner, Kathryn; van Wilgen-Bredenkamp, Nicola; Mayekiso, Sisanda; Jones, Georgina.
Table Mountain National Park Marine Protected Area – State of Knowledge Report March 2022 (PDF) . Internal Report 01 / 2022 (Report). Pretoria: Scientific Services, South African National Parks. Appendix II, Table 6: Marine mammals.
^
"Mysticeti Flower, 1864" . WoRMS .
World Register of Marine Species . Retrieved 31 October 2023 .
^
"Cephalorhynchus heavisidii (Gray, 1828)" . WoRMS .
World Register of Marine Species . Retrieved 31 October 2023 .
^
"Delphinus capensis Gray, 1828" . WoRMS .
World Register of Marine Species . Retrieved 31 October 2023 .
^
"Sagmatias obscurus (Gray, 1828)" . WoRMS .
World Register of Marine Species . Retrieved 31 October 2023 .
^
"Lagenorhynchus obscurus (Gray, 1828)" . WoRMS .
World Register of Marine Species . Retrieved 31 October 2023 .
National taxon checklists
Plants
Animals Arthropods Arachnids
Harvestmen
Microwhip scorpions
Pseudoscorpions
Scorpions
Shorttailed whipscorpions
Solifugae
Araneae
Ixodida
Whip spiders and tailless whip scorpions
Insects
Alderflies, dobsonflies and fishflies
Beetles
Booklice, barklice and barkflies
Butterflies and moths
Caddisflies
Cockroaches and termites
Dragonflies and damselflies
Earwigs
Fleas
Flies
Jumping bristletails
Lice
Mantises
Mayflies
Net-winged insects
Notoptera
Orthoptera
Sawflies, wasps, bees, and ants
Scorpionflies
Silverfish and firebrats
Stick and leaf insects
Stoneflies
Strepsiptera
Termites
Thrips
True bugs
Webspinners
Molluscs Vertebrates
Seaweeds
Fungi Related
Regional taxon checklists and other minor lists
Biodiversity research in SA
Research organisations Research projects Citizen science databases
Botanical gardens Taxonomists
Related
Regional biodiversity Legislation Publications