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List of saltwater species that form a part of the molluscan fauna of South Africa
Map of the Southern African coastline showing some of the landmarks referred to in species range statements
The list of marine
molluscs of
South Africa is a list of
saltwater
species that form a part of the molluscan
fauna of South Africa . This list does not include the land or freshwater molluscs.
Mollusca is the second-largest
phylum of
invertebrate animals, after
Arthropoda ; members are known as molluscs or mollusks (). Around 76,000
extant species of molluscs are recognized. The number of fossil
species is estimated between 60,000 and 100,000 additional species. The proportion of undescribed species is very high. Many taxa remain poorly studied.
Molluscs are the largest
marine phylum, comprising about 23% of all the named marine
organisms . Numerous molluscs also live in
freshwater and
terrestrial habitats. They are highly diverse, not just in size and
anatomical structure, but also in behaviour and
habitat . The phylum is typically divided into 7 or 8
taxonomic
classes , of which two are entirely
extinct .
Cephalopod molluscs, such as
squid ,
cuttlefish , and
octopuses , are among the most
neurologically advanced of all
invertebrates —and either the
giant squid or the
colossal squid is the largest known extant invertebrate species. The
gastropods (
snails and
slugs ) are by far the most diverse molluscs and account for 80% of the total classified species. (
Full article... )
Gastropoda
See
List of marine gastropods of South Africa
Bivalvia
Bivalves in South Africa include:
Nuculidae
Mytilidae – Mussels
Perna perna
Arcidae – Ark clams
Noetiidae
Pinnidae – Pen shells
Gryphaeidae
Ostreidae – True oysters
Anomiidae – Saddle oysters
Gryphaeidae – Honeycomb oysters
Pteriidae – Pearl oysters
Pectinidae – Scallops
Limidae – File shells
Cardiidae – Cockles
Tridacnidae – Giant clams
Mactridae – Trough shells
Carditidae
Condylocardiidae
Solenidae
Lucinidae
Unionidae
Lasaeidae
Tellinidae
Gastrana matadoa
Teredinidae
Donacidae – Wedge shells
Psammobiidae – Sunset clams
Veneridae – Venus shells
Polyplacophora
Hairy chiton
Chaetopleura (Chaetopleura) papilio
Chitons (Polyplacophora) in South Africa include:
Ischnochitonidae
Chitonidae
Callochitonidae
Acanthochitona
Chaetopleuridae
Cephalopoda
Cephalopods in South Africa include:
Octopoda –
Octopus
Common octopus
Octopus vulgaris
Octopodidae
Argonautidae
Paper nautilus
Argonauta argo
Teuthida –
Squid
Loliginidae
Sepiolida –
Bobtail squid
Unidentified species (Cape Peninsula, both sides)
[3]
Sepiida –
Cuttlefish
Sepiidae
Spirulida – Ram's horn squid
Spirulidae
Scaphopoda
Tusk shells (Scaphopoda) in South Africa include:
Dentaliidae
Gadilidae
See also
Lists of molluscs of surrounding countries:
References
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cm Branch, G.M. Griffiths, C.L. Branch, M.L. Beckley, L.E. Two Oceans: A guide to the marine life of southern Africa. 5th impression, David Philip, Cape Town, 2000.
ISBN
0-86486-250-4
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t Jones, Georgina. A field guide to the marine animals of the Cape Peninsula. SURG, Cape Town, 2008.
ISBN
978-0-620-41639-9
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f Kilburn, R. and Rippey, E. Sea Shells of Southern Africa MacMillan South Africa 1982
ISBN
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^ www.marinespecies.org
http://www.marinespecies.org . Retrieved 11 January 2010 . [
title missing ]
^
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b Branch, George. and Branch, Margo. The living shores of southern Africa . Struik, Cape Town, 1981.
ISBN
0-86977-115-9
National taxon checklists
Plants
Animals Arthropods Arachnids
Harvestmen
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Insects
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