From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Calendar year
January 7 :
France recaptures Calais from England
July 13 :
Battle of Gravelines
Year 1558 (
MDLVIII ) was a
common year starting on Saturday (link will display the full calendar) of the
Julian calendar .
Events
January–March
January 7 –
French troops, led by
Francis, Duke of Guise , take
Calais , the last continental possession of the
Kingdom of England , in the
Siege of Calais .
January 22 – The
Livonian War begins.
February 2 – The
University of Jena is founded in
Thuringia ,
Germany .
[1]
February 4 – (16th day of 1st month of
Eiroku 1)
Takeda Shingen becomes the
shugo (military governor) of
Shinano Province after his successful military campaign there.
February 5 –
Arauco War :
Pedro de Avendaño , with sixty men, captures
Caupolicán (the
Mapuche Gran
Toqui ), who is leading their first revolt against the
Spanish Empire (near
Antihuala ), encamped with a small band of followers.
March 8 – The city of
Pori (
Swedish : Björneborg ) is founded by
Duke John on the shores of the
Gulf of Bothnia .
[2]
April–June
April 17 – The
siege of Thionville in the Duchy of Luxembourg, is started by the French Army, led by
Francis, Duke of Guise .
April 24 –
Mary, Queen of Scots ,
marries
Francis ,
Dauphin of France , at
Notre Dame de Paris .
[3]
May 3 – The Imperial Diet of
the Holy Roman Empire gives recognition to
Ferdinand as
Holy Roman Emperor , two months after his proclamation on March 14 as the successor to his brother
Charles V .
June 13 – An armada of ships from the
Ottoman Empire , dispatched by Sultan
Suleyman the Magnificent at the request of King
Henry II of France , sails into the Bay of Naples at Italy and attacks the city of
Sorrento .
June 23 – France is successful in the
siege of Thionville in the Duchy of Luxembourg and recovers the fortress from the Spanish Empire after an operation that began on April 17 and lasted more than two months.
July–September
July 9 – The Ottoman Empire, with 15,000 troops and 150 warships, besieges the Spanish garrison at
Ciutadella de Menorca at Spain's Balearic Islands. When the town falls on July 17, the 3,099 surviving inhabitants are sold into slavery.
[4]
July 13 –
Battle of Gravelines : Near the border between the
Kingdom of France and the
Spanish Netherlands ,
Spanish forces led by
Lamoral, Count of Egmont , and assisted by the
English Navy , inflict a major defeat on the French forces of Marshal
Paul de Thermes .
July 18 – The city of
Tartu , capital of the
Bishopric of Dorpat (in modern-day
Estonia ) surrenders to
Russia .
August 22 – In Spain,
Bartolomé Carranza , the
Roman Catholic Archbishop of Toledo , is arrested at
Torrelaguna on orders of the
Grand Inquisitor ,
Fernando de Valdés y Salas . Carranza is brought a prisoner to
Valladolid to face accusations of
heresy .
[5] He remains in prison for eight years before being transferred to Rome for the Pope to hear his appeal.
[6]
October–December
October 17 –
Postal history of Poland : King
Sigismund II Augustus appoints an Italian merchant living in
Kraków to organise a consolidated postal service in
Poland , the origin of
Poczta Polska .
November 6 – On her deathbed,
Queen Mary of England designates her half-sister,
Elizabeth , as her successor.
[7] Both Mary and Elizabeth are daughters of the late
King Henry VIII .
November 15 – The five
Canterbury Martyrs , three men and two women, are burned at the stake, becoming the last of 312 Protestants put to death for
heresy during the reign of England's last Roman Catholic ruler,
Queen Mary .
[8] Queen Mary dies two days later, bringing an end to her campaign. During the final year of Mary's reign, 49 Protestants are burned at the stake and three others die in prison while awaiting execution.
November 17 – Queen Mary, a devout Roman
Catholic dies of uterine cancer at the age of 42, and is succeeded by her younger half-sister
Elizabeth , an adherent to the Protestant
Church of England , beginning the
Elizabethan era in British history.
December 5 – Less than three weeks of becoming Queen of England, Elizabeth summons the members of the
English Parliament with orders to assemble at Westminster on January 23. Under Elizabeth's agenda, the Parliament is charged with restoring the laws passed at the beginning of the
English Reformation , and repealing the reforms made during the reign of Queen Mary.
Unknown
Ongoing
Births
André du Laurens
Maximilian III, Archduke of Austria
January or
February –
Hendrik Goltzius , Dutch painter (d.
1617 )
January 16 –
Jakobea of Baden , Margravine of Baden by birth, Duchess of Jülich-Cleves-Berg by marriage (d.
1597 )
January 29 –
Paul Hentzner , German lawyer (d.
1623 )
March 7 –
Johann VII, Duke of Mecklenburg , Duke of Mecklenburg-Schwerin (1576–1592) (d.
1592 )
April 30 –
Mikołaj Oleśnicki the younger , Polish noble (d.
1629 )
June 15 –
Margrave Andrew of Burgau , German nobleman, Cardinal, Bishop of Constance and Brixen (d.
1600 )
July 9 –
David Origanus , German astronomer (d.
1628 )
July 11 –
Robert Greene , English dramatist (d.
1592 )
August 2 –
Herman van den Bergh , Dutch soldier in the
Eighty Years' War (d.
1611 )
August 8 –
George Clifford, 3rd Earl of Cumberland , English noble (d.
1605 )
August 19 –
François de Bourbon, Prince of Conti (d.
1614 )
September 9 –
Philippe Emmanuel, Duke of Mercœur , French soldier (d.
1602 )
September 24 –
Ralph Eure, 3rd Baron Eure , English politician (d.
1617 )
October 12 –
Maximilian III, Archduke of Austria (d.
1618 )
October 24 –
Szymon Szymonowic , Polish writer (d.
1629 )
October 30 –
Jacques-Nompar de Caumont, duc de La Force , Marshal of France (d.
1652 )
November 27 –
Mingyi Swa , Crown Prince of Burma (d.
1593 )
December 3 –
Gregorio Pagani , Italian painter (d.
1605 )
December 8 –
François de La Rochefoucauld , French Catholic cardinal (d.
1645 )
December 9 –
André du Laurens , French physician (d.
1609 )
date unknown
probable –
Pierre Dugua, Sieur de Mons , French merchant (d.
1628 )
Deaths
Emperor
Charles V
January 28 –
Jacob Micyllus , German humanist (b.
1503 )
February 25 –
Eleanor of Austria , Queen of Portugal and France (b.
1498 )
February 27
March 6 –
Luca Gaurico , Italian astrologer (b.
1475 )
March 24 –
Anna van Egmont , Countess of Egmond and Buren (b. c.
1533 )
March 25 –
Marcos de Niza , French Franciscan explorer (b. c.
1495 )
April 2 –
Wolfgang of the Palatinate , Count Palatine of Neumarkt (b.
1494 )
April 15 –
Hurrem Sultan , Ruthenian-born wife of
Suleiman the Magnificent (b. c.
1500 )
April 20 –
Johannes Bugenhagen , German reformer (b.
1485 )
April 26 –
Jean Fernel , French physician (b.
1497 )
[12]
May 17 –
Francisco de Sá de Miranda , Portuguese poet (b.
1485 )
May 19 –
Juan Téllez-Girón, 4th Count of Ureña , Spanish count (b.
1494 )
May 25 –
Elisabeth of Brandenburg, Duchess of Brunswick-Calenberg-Göttingen (1525–1540) (b.
1510 )
[13]
May 31 –
Philip Hoby , English politician (b.
1505 )
June 28 –
Thomas Darcy, 1st Baron Darcy of Chiche , English courtier (b.
1506 )
July 17 –
George I of Württemberg-Mömpelgard (b.
1498 )
August 11 –
Justus Menius , German Lutheran pastor (b.
1499 )
[14]
September 21 –
Charles V , Holy Roman Emperor (b.
1500 )
[15]
October –
Mellin de Saint-Gelais , French poet (b. c.
1491 )
October 18 –
Maria of Austria , queen of
Louis II of Hungary and Bohemia (b.
1505 )
October 21 –
J. C. Scaliger , Italian scholar (b.
1484 )
[16]
November 1
November 15 –
Gilbert Kennedy, 3rd Earl of Cassilis , Scottish politician and judge (b.
1515 )
November 17
December 7 –
Johann Forster , German theologian (b.
1496 )
December 16 –
Thomas Cheney , Lord Warden of the Cinque Ports (b. c.
1485 )
December 19 –
Cornelius Grapheus , Flemish writer (b.
1482 )
December 28 –
Hermann Finck , German composer (b.
1527 )
date unknown
References
^ Chisholm, Hugh, ed. (1911).
"Jena" .
Encyclopedia Britannica (11th ed.). Cambridge University Press – via
Wikisource .
^ J. W. Ruuth (1958). "Kaupungin perustamiskirje". Porin kaupungin historia II (in Finnish). City of Pori. p. 269.
^ Lucinda H. S. Dean, 'In the Absence of an Adult Monarch', Medieval and Early Modern Representations of Authority in Scotland and the British Isles (Routledge, 2016), p. 155.
^ Phil Lee,
The Rough Guide to Mallorca & Menorca (Rough Guides, 2004), p. 171.
^ One or more of the preceding sentences incorporates text from a publication now in the
public domain :
Gordon, Alexander (1911). "
Carranza, Bartolomé ". In
Chisholm, Hugh (ed.).
Encyclopædia Britannica . Vol. 5 (11th ed.). Cambridge University Press. pp. 399–400.
^ J. P. Kirsch, "Bartolomé Carranza," Catholic Encyclopedia (1917 ed.)
^
Neale, J. E. (1954) [1934], Queen Elizabeth I: A Biography (reprint ed.), London: Jonathan Cape, p. 59,
OCLC
220518
^
"Foxe’s Marian Martyrs" , by Thomas S. Freeman, JohnFoxe.org
^ Lillian S. Robinson (1985).
Monstrous Regiment: The Lady Knight in Sixteenth-century Epic . Garland Pub. p. 112.
ISBN
978-0-8240-6709-0 .
^ Grun, Bernard (1991).
The Timetables of History (3rd ed.). New York: Simon & Schuster. p.
247 .
ISBN
0-671-74919-6 .
^ Sykes, Percy (1921).
A History of Persia . London: Macmillan and Company. p. 64.
^ BONO, JAMES J.; SCHMITT, CHARLES B. (1979).
"AN UNKNOWN LETTER OF JACQUES DALÉCHAMPS TO JEAN FERNEL: LOCAL AUTONOMY VERSUS CENTRALIZED GOVERNMENT" (PDF) . Bulletin of the History of Medicine . 53 (1): 100–127.
ISSN
0007-5140 .
JSTOR
44451300 .
PMID
387127 .
Archived (PDF) from the original on 2022-10-09.
^ Wilson, Katharina M. (1991).
An Encyclopedia of Continental Women Writers . Taylor & Francis. p. 200.
ISBN
978-0-8240-8547-6 .
^ Friedrich Bente (2005).
Historical Introductions to the Lutheran Confessions: As Contained in the Book of Concord of 1580 . Concordia Publishing House. p. 132.
ISBN
978-0-7586-0921-2 .
^
"Charles V | Accomplishments, Reign, Abdication, & Facts" . Encyclopedia Britannica . Retrieved 14 January 2021 .
^ Vernon Hall (December 2007).
Life of Julius Caesar Scaliger (1484-1558): Transactions, APS . American Philosophical Society. p. 158.
ISBN
978-1-4223-7704-8 .
^ Jane Resh Thomas (1998).
Behind the Mask: The Life of Queen Elizabeth I . Houghton Mifflin Harcourt. p. 73.
ISBN
0-395-69120-6 .