October 12 – A great storm shifts the mouth of the
River Rother in England 12 miles (20 km) to the west; a battering series of strong storms significantly alters other coastal geography around
Romney Marsh.
The
Lombard League dissolves upon the death of its member states' nemesis, Frederick II, Holy Roman Emperor.
King
Afonso III (the Boulonnais) captures the
Algarve from the Moors, thus completing the expulsion of the Moors from
Portugal.
Albertus Magnus isolates the element
arsenic, as the 8th discovered metal. He also first uses the word "
oriole" to describe a type of bird (most likely the
golden oriole).
The
Rialto Bridge in
Venice (in modern-day
Italy) is converted from a pontoon bridge to a permanent, raised wooden structure.
Starting in this year and ending in
1275, the Muslim
Shougeng Pu, likely a Persian or an Arab, serves as the Commissioner of Merchant Shipping for the
Song dynasty Chinese
seaport at
Quanzhou, due to his effort in defeating pirates.[3]
In
Tunis, a popular rebellion against newly arrived, wealthy and influential Andalusian refugees breaks out, and is violently put down.[5]
Oceania
Samoa frees itself from
Tongan rule, which begins the
Malietoa dynasty in Samoa (approximate date).
By topic
Markets
The Flemish town of
Douai emits the first recorded redeemable annuities in medieval Europe, confirming a trend of consolidation of local public debt started in
1218, in
Rheims.[6]
The
Sienese bankers belonging to the firm known as the
Gran Tavola, under the steering of the Bonsignori Brothers, become the main financiers of the Papacy.[7]
^Le Roy Ladurie, Emmanuel; Bray, Barbara (1971). Times of Feast, Times of Famine: a History of Climate Since the Year 1000. Garden City, NY: Doubleday.
ISBN0-374-52122-0.
OCLC164590.
^Humphreys, R. Stephen (1977). From Saladin to the Mongols: The Ayyubids of Damascus, 1193–1260, pp. 305–307. State University of New York Press.
^According to a monograph on the maritime
economy of the Song dynasty written by Jitsuzo Kuwabara (桑原騭藏, 1870–1931).
^
abcHumphreys, R. Stephen (1977). From Saladin to the Mongols: The Ayyubids of Damascus 1193-1260. Albany: State University of New York Press.
ISBN9780873952637.
^Zuijderduijn, Jaco (2009). Medieval Capital Markets. Markets for renten, state formation and private investment in Holland (1300-1550). Leiden/Boston: Brill.
ISBN978-90-04-17565-5.
^Catoni, Giuliano.
"Bonsignori". Dizionario Biografico degli Italiani. Retrieved December 20, 2011.