Japanese cell biologist
Yoshinori Ohsumi (大隅 良典 , Ōsumi Yoshinori , born February 9, 1945) is a Japanese
cell biologist specializing in
autophagy , the process that cells use to destroy and recycle cellular components. Ohsumi is a professor at
Tokyo Institute of Technology 's Institute of Innovative Research.
[1] He received the
Kyoto Prize for Basic Sciences in 2012,
[2] the 2016
Nobel Prize in
Physiology or Medicine , and the 2017
Breakthrough Prize in Life Sciences
[3] for his discoveries of mechanisms for autophagy.
[4]
Biography
Ohsumi addressed at
Gairdner Foundation International Award Ceremony (at the
Royal Ontario Museum in October 2015)
with
John Dirks , Kenjirō Monji and
D. Lorne Tyrrell
Ohsumi was born on February 9, 1945, in
Fukuoka . He received a
B.Sci. in 1967 and a D.Sci. in 1974, both from the
University of Tokyo . In 1974–77 he was a
postdoctoral fellow at the
Rockefeller University in New York City.
[1]
He returned to the University of Tokyo in 1977 as a
research associate ; he was appointed Lecturer there in 1986, and promoted to Associate Professor in 1988. In 1996, he moved to the
National Institute for Basic Biology, Japan in
Okazaki City , where he was appointed as a professor. From 2004 to 2009, he was also professor at the
Graduate University for Advanced Studies in
Hayama . In 2009, he transitioned to a three-way appointment as an
emeritus professor at the National Institute for Basic Biology and at the
Graduate University for Advanced Studies , and a professorship at the Advanced Research Organization, Integrated Research Institute,
Tokyo Institute of Technology (Tokyo Tech). After his retirement in 2014, he continued to serve as Professor at Institute of Innovative Research, Tokyo Institute of Technology. Currently, he is head of the Cell Biology Research Unit, Institute of Innovative Research, Tokyo Institute of Technology.
[5]
Christian de Duve coined the term
autophagy in 1963 whereas Ohsumi began his work in 1988. Prior to that time, less than 20 papers per year were published on this subject.
[6] During the 1990s, Ohsumi's group described the morphology of autophagy in yeast, and performed mutational screening on yeast cells that identified essential genes for cells to be capable of autophagy.
[7]
[8]
In 2016, he was awarded the
Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine "for his discoveries of mechanisms for
autophagy ".
[9]
[10] He is the 25th Japanese person to be awarded a Nobel Prize.
[11] Ohsumi's spouse Mariko, a Professor of
Teikyo University of Science , collaborated on his research.
[12] She is a co-author of many academic papers with him.
[13]
Recognition
Ohsumi in his Tokyo Tech lab
Source:
[5]
Selected publications
His original findings about autophagy in yeast cells:
[17]
Follow up with more research on yeast:
[17]
Others
M Tsukada;
Y Ohsumi (October 25, 1993).
"Isolation and characterization of autophagy-defective mutants of Saccharomyces cerevisiae" .
FEBS Letters . 333 (1–2): 169–74.
doi :
10.1016/0014-5793(93)80398-E .
ISSN
0014-5793 .
PMID
8224160 .
S2CID
46017791 .
Wikidata
Q27935838 .
N Mizushima; T Noda; T Yoshimori; et al. (September 24, 1998). "A protein conjugation system essential for autophagy".
Nature . 395 (6700): 395–8.
Bibcode :
1998Natur.395..395M .
doi :
10.1038/26506 .
ISSN
1476-4687 .
PMID
9759731 .
S2CID
204997310 .
Wikidata
Q27940154 .
Y Kabeya; N Mizushima; T Ueno; et al. (November 1, 2000).
"LC3, a mammalian homologue of yeast Apg8p, is localized in autophagosome membranes after processing" .
The EMBO Journal . 19 (21): 5720–8.
doi :
10.1093/EMBOJ/19.21.5720 .
ISSN
0261-4189 .
PMC
305793 .
PMID
11060023 .
Wikidata
Q24597817 .
Y Ichimura; T Kirisako; T Takao; et al. (November 23, 2000). "A ubiquitin-like system mediates protein lipidation".
Nature . 408 (6811): 488–92.
Bibcode :
2000Natur.408..488I .
doi :
10.1038/35044114 .
ISSN
1476-4687 .
PMID
11100732 .
S2CID
4428142 .
Wikidata
Q27934137 .
Y Ohsumi (March 2001). "Molecular dissection of autophagy: two ubiquitin-like systems".
Nature Reviews Molecular Cell Biology . 2 (3): 211–6.
doi :
10.1038/35056522 .
ISSN
1471-0072 .
PMID
11265251 .
S2CID
38001477 .
Wikidata
Q28206420 .
Kuma A; Hatano M; Matsui M; et al. (December 23, 2004). "The role of autophagy during the early neonatal starvation period".
Nature . 432 (7020): 1032–6.
Bibcode :
2004Natur.432.1032K .
doi :
10.1038/NATURE03029 .
ISSN
1476-4687 .
PMID
15525940 .
S2CID
4424974 .
Wikidata
Q29547489 .
Sho W Suzuki; Jun Onodera;
Yoshinori Ohsumi (2011).
"Starvation induced cell death in autophagy-defective yeast mutants is caused by mitochondria dysfunction" .
PLOS One . 6 (2): e17412.
Bibcode :
2011PLoSO...617412S .
doi :
10.1371/JOURNAL.PONE.0017412 .
ISSN
1932-6203 .
PMC
3045454 .
PMID
21364763 .
Wikidata
Q27077073 .
Takao Hanada; Nobuo N Noda; Yoshinori Satomi; Yoshinobu Ichimura; Yuko Fujioka; Toshifumi Takao; Fuyuhiko Inagaki;
Yoshinori Ohsumi (December 28, 2007).
"The Atg12-Atg5 conjugate has a novel E3-like activity for protein lipidation in autophagy" .
Journal of Biological Chemistry . 282 (52): 37298–302.
doi :
10.1074/JBC.C700195200 .
ISSN
0021-9258 .
PMID
17986448 .
Wikidata
Q27933717 .
Michitaro Shibata; Kazusato Oikawa; Kohki Yoshimoto; et al. (December 24, 2013).
"Highly oxidized peroxisomes are selectively degraded via autophagy in Arabidopsis" .
The Plant Cell . 25 (12): 4967–4983.
doi :
10.1105/TPC.113.116947 .
ISSN
1040-4651 .
JSTOR
43190612 .
PMC
3903999 .
PMID
24368788 .
Wikidata
Q34394370 .
Hayashi Yamamoto; Takayuki Shima; Masaya Yamaguchi; et al. (October 6, 2015).
"The Thermotolerant Yeast Kluyveromyces marxianus Is a Useful Organism for Structural and Biochemical Studies of Autophagy" .
Journal of Biological Chemistry . 290 (49): 29506–29518.
doi :
10.1074/JBC.M115.684233 .
ISSN
0021-9258 .
PMC
4705951 .
PMID
26442587 .
Wikidata
Q34497110 .
Hayashi Yamamoto; Yuko Fujioka; Sho W Suzuki; et al. (July 11, 2016).
"The Intrinsically Disordered Protein Atg13 Mediates Supramolecular Assembly of Autophagy Initiation Complexes" .
Developmental Cell . 38 (1): 86–99.
doi :
10.1016/J.DEVCEL.2016.06.015 .
ISSN
1534-5807 .
PMID
27404361 .
Wikidata
Q27718642 .
See also
References
^
a
b Yoshinori Ohsumi's
ORCID
0000-0003-2384-2166
^ Biemiller, Lawrence (November 10, 2012).
"Kyoto Prize Is Awarded to 3 Scholars" . The Chronicle of Higher Education Blogs: The Ticker . Retrieved October 4, 2016 .
^
"Laureates—Breakthrough Prize" . Breakthrough Prize . Retrieved December 5, 2016 .
^
"The Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine 2016" . The Nobel Foundation. October 3, 2016. Retrieved October 3, 2016 .
^
a
b
"Yoshinori Ohsumi Biography" . Institute of Innovative Research, Tokyo Institute of Technology. Retrieved October 10, 2016 .
^
"Yoshinori Ohsumi: What is autophagy? A dynamic cellular recycling process" . Molecular Frontiers Symposium at the Tokyo Institute of Technology, Japan. October 2017. Retrieved January 15, 2018 .
^ Science Staff (October 3, 2016). "Nobel honors discoveries on how cells eat themselves".
Science .
doi :
10.1126/SCIENCE.AAH7373 .
ISSN
0036-8075 .
Wikidata
Q57407776 .
^ Klionsky DJ (November 2007). "Autophagy: from phenomenology to molecular understanding in less than a decade".
Nature Reviews Molecular Cell Biology . 8 (11): 931–7.
doi :
10.1038/NRM2245 .
ISSN
1471-0072 .
PMID
17712358 .
S2CID
7376303 .
Wikidata
Q29614174 .
^
"Yoshinori Ohsumi – Nobel Lecture: Autophagy – an Intracellular Recycling System" .
Nobel Prize . December 7, 2016. Retrieved January 15, 2018 .
^ Kolata, Gina; Chan, Sewell (October 3, 2016).
"Yoshinori Ohsumi of Japan Wins Nobel Prize for Study of 'Self-Eating' Cells" . The New York Times . Retrieved October 10, 2016 .
^ Wanklyn, Alastair (October 3, 2016).
"Japanese microbiologist Yoshinori Ohsumi wins Nobel in medicine for autophagy research" .
The Japan Times . Retrieved October 8, 2016 .
^
"大隅萬里子教授の共同研究がノーベル医学・生理学賞として選定されました" [A joint research of Professor Mariko Ohsumi won Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine]. Teikyo University of Science. October 5, 2016.
^
"Google Scholar" . Scholar.google.com .
^
"Yoshinori Ohsumi" . Kyoto Prize . Retrieved October 3, 2016 .
^
"Yoshinori Ohsumi wins Nobel prize in medicine for work on autophagy" .
The Guardian . Retrieved October 3, 2016 .
^
"Breakthrough Prize – Life Sciences : Breakthrough Prize Laureates – Yoshinori Ohsumi" . Breakthroughprize.org . Retrieved October 15, 2018 .
^
a
b
"Nobel Prize Laureate Yoshinori Ohsumi's Work" . Jstor Daily. October 3, 2016.
External links
Yoshinori Ohsumi on Nobelprize.org
inclkuding the Nobel Lecture December 7, 2016 Molecular Mechanisms of Autophagy in Yeast
1901–1925 1926–1950 1951–1975 1976–2000 2001–present
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