From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Overview of the events of 1928 in film
The following is an overview of 1928 in film , including significant events, a list of films released and notable births and deaths. Although some films released in 1928 had
sound , most were still
silent . This year is notable for the introduction of the official mascot of
The Walt Disney Company ,
Mickey Mouse , in the animated short
Steamboat Willie , the first film to include a soundtrack completely created in post production.
Overview of the events of 1928 in film
Top-grossing films (U.S.)
The top ten 1928 released films by box office gross in North America are as follows:
Highest-grossing films of 1928
Rank
Title
Distributor
Domestic rentals
1
The Singing Fool
Warner Bros.
$3,821,000
[1]
2
Street Angel
Fox Film
$1,700,000
[2]
3
Lilac Time
Warner Bros.
$1,675,000
[3]
4
Four Sons
Fox Film
$1,500,000
[2]
5
Noah's Ark
Warner Bros.
$1,367,000
[1]
6
The Red Dance
In Old Arizona
Fox Film
$1,300,000
[2]
7
The Terror
Warner Bros.
$1,221,000
[1]
8
Lights of New York
$1,160,000
[1]
9
My Man
$1,099,000
[1]
10
On Trial
$1,089,000
[1]
Events
January 6 – The long-awaited
Charlie Chaplin comedy
The Circus premieres at the
Strand Theatre in
New York City .
[4]
April 21 –
The Passion of Joan of Arc is released.
July 6 –
Lights of New York (starring
Helene Costello ) is released by
Warner Bros . It is the first "100% Talkie" feature film, in that dialog is spoken throughout the film. Previous releases
Don Juan and
The Jazz Singer had used a synchronized soundtrack with sound effects and music, with The Jazz Singer having a few incidental lines spoken by
Al Jolson .
[5]
September 19 –
The Singing Fool , Warner Bros' follow-up to The Jazz Singer , is released. While still only a partial-talkie (sequences still feature
intertitles ), 66 minutes of the film's 105 minute running time feature dialogue or songs, making it the longest talking motion picture yet. (Lights of New York runs a total of 57 minutes.) It is the highest-grossing film of the year, becomes Warner Bros' highest-grossing film for the next 13 years, is the most financially successful film of Al Jolson's career
[6]
[7] and also remains the highest-grossing sound film until the release of
Snow White and the Seven Dwarfs in 1937.
October 23 –
RKO Productions Inc. created
November 10 – At the beginning of
White Shadows in the South Seas ,
Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer 's mascot
Leo the Lion roars for the very first time, giving voice to one of the most popular American film logos.
[8]
[9]
[10]
November 18 –
Disney 's
Steamboat Willie premieres, marking the official introduction of
Mickey Mouse . This animated short is the first film to include a soundtrack completely created in post production, including sound effects, music and dialogue.
December 25 –
In Old Arizona , released by
Fox Films , is the first sound-on-film feature-length talkie, utilizing the
Movietone process. Previously, feature-length talkies used the less-reliable
Vitaphone sound-on-disc process. It is also the first Western talkie, and the first sound film primarily shot outdoors.
Academy Awards
Note: Prior to 1933, awards were not based on calendar years, which is why there is no 'Best Picture' for a 1928 film.
Notable films released in 1928
United States unless stated
A
Accident (Polizeibericht Überfall) , directed by
Ernő Metzner – (
Germany )
Across to Singapore , directed by
William Nigh , starring
Ramón Novarro ,
Joan Crawford and
Ernest Torrence
The Actress (lost), directed by
Sidney Franklin , starring
Norma Shearer
Adam's Apple , directed by
Tim Whelan , starring
Monty Banks – (
GB )
Alraune , written and directed by
Henrik Galeen , starring
Brigitte Helm and
Paul Wegener – (
Germany )
Ang Lumang Simbahan (The Old Church) , directed by
José Nepomuceno , starring
Mary Walter – (
Philippines )
The Ape (lost), directed by Beverly C. Rule, starring
Gladys Walton
[11]
L'Argent (Money) , directed by
Marcel L'Herbier , starring
Pierre Alcover and
Brigitte Helm – (
France )
The Awakening (lost), directed by
Victor Fleming , starring
Vilma Bánky and
Louis Wolheim
B
Balaclava , directed by
Maurice Elvey and
Milton Rosmer , starring
Cyril McLaglen and
Benita Hume – (
GB )
Beau Sabreur (lost), directed by
John Waters , starring
Gary Cooper ,
Evelyn Brent ,
Noah Beery Sr. and
William Powell
Beggars of Life , directed by
William A. Wellman , starring
Wallace Beery ,
Richard Arlen and
Louise Brooks
The Big City (lost), directed by
Tod Browning , starring
Lon Chaney ,
Betty Compson and
Marceline Day
The Black Pearl (lost), directed by
Scott Pembroke , starring
Lila Lee , based on the novel by
Mrs. Wilson Woodrow
[11]
The Burning of the Red Lotus Temple (Huo shao hong lian si) (lost), 16-part serial directed by
Zhang Shichuan – (
China )
C
The Cameraman , directed by
Edward Sedgwick and Buster Keaton, starring
Buster Keaton and
Marceline Day
The Cardboard Lover , directed by
Robert Z. Leonard , starring
Marion Davies ,
Jetta Goudal and
Nils Asther
Champagne , directed by
Alfred Hitchcock , starring
Betty Balfour – (
GB )
The Circus , starring, a
Charles Chaplin film
The Constant Nymph , directed by
Adrian Brunel , starring
Ivor Novello – (
GB )
The Cossacks , directed by
George Hill and
Clarence Brown , starring
John Gilbert ,
Renée Adorée and
Ernest Torrence
The Crowd , directed by
King Vidor , starring
Eleanor Boardman
D
E
F
The Fall of the House of Usher , directed by
James Sibley Watson and Melville Webber, based on the
short story by
Edgar Allan Poe
The Fall of the House of Usher (La Chute de la maison Usher) , directed by
Jean Epstein , based on the
short story by
Edgar Allan Poe – (
France )
The Farmer's Wife , directed by
Alfred Hitchcock , starring
Jameson Thomas and
Lillian Hall-Davis – (
GB )
Feel My Pulse , directed by
Gregory La Cava , starring
Bebe Daniels ,
Richard Arlen and
William Powell
The First Born , directed by
Miles Mander , starring Miles Mander and
Madeleine Carroll – (
GB )
Four Sons , directed by
John Ford
G
The Gallant Hussar (lost), directed by
Géza von Bolváry , starring
Ivor Novello and
Evelyn Holt – (
GB /
Germany )
Gentlemen Prefer Blondes (lost), directed by
Mal St. Clair , starring
Ruth Taylor and
Alice White
A Girl in Every Port , directed by
Howard Hawks , starring
Victor McLaglen ,
Louise Brooks and
Robert Armstrong
The Godless Girl , directed by
Cecil B. DeMille , starring
Lina Basquette ,
Marie Prevost and
Noah Beery Sr.
The Guns of Loos , directed by
Sinclair Hill , starring
Madeleine Carroll (
GB )
H
Habeas Corpus , directed by
Leo McCarey and
James Parrott , starring
Laurel and Hardy
Hangman's House , directed by
John Ford , starring
Victor McLaglen
The Haunted House , directed by
Benjamin Christensen , starring
Thelma Todd , based on a 1926 stage play by
Owen Davis
[12]
His House in Order (lost), directed by
Randle Ayrton , starring
Tallulah Bankhead – (
GB )
Homecoming (Heimkehr) , directed by
Joe May , starring
Lars Hanson – (
Germany )
Honor Bound , directed by
Alfred E. Green , starring
George O'Brien ,
Estelle Taylor and
Leila Hyams
The House of Terror (lost), a 10-chapter serial directed by
Roland D. Reed
The House on Trubnaya (Dom na Trubnoy) , directed by
Boris Barnet – (
U.S.S.R. )
Hungarian Rhapsody , directed by
Hanns Schwarz , starring
Lil Dagover ,
Willy Fritsch and
Dita Parlo – (
Germany )
Huntingtower , directed by
George Pearson , starring
Harry Lauder – (
GB )
I
J
L
Ladies of the Mob (lost), directed by
William A. Wellman , starring
Clara Bow and
Richard Arlen
The Last Command , directed by
Joseph von Sternberg , starring
Emil Jannings ,
Evelyn Brent and
William Powell
The Last Warning , directed by
Paul Leni , starring
Laura La Plante , based on the 1916 novel The House of Fear by Charles Wadsworth Camp
[13]
Laugh, Clown, Laugh , directed by
Herbert Brenon , starring
Lon Chaney and
Loretta Young
The Leopard Lady (lost), directed by
Rupert Julian , starring
Jacqueline Logan ,
Alan Hale and
Robert Armstrong , based on the play by
Edward Childs Carpenter
Lights of New York , directed by
Bryan Foy
Lilac Time , directed by
George Fitzmaurice , starring
Colleen Moore and
Gary Cooper
A Little Bit of Fluff , directed by
Wheeler Dryden and
Jess Robbins , starring
Sydney Chaplin and
Betty Balfour – (
GB )
Lonesome , directed by
Paul Fejos , starring
Glenn Tryon and
Barbara Kent
M
The Man Who Laughs , directed by
Paul Leni , starring
Mary Philbin ,
Conrad Veidt and
Olga Baclanova , based on the 1869 novel
L'Homme qui rit by
Victor Hugo
[14]
Maria Marten , directed by
Walter West , starring
Trilby Clark and
Warwick Ward
[15] – (
GB )
The Matinee Idol , directed by
Frank Capra , starring
Bessie Love and
Johnnie Walker
The Midnight Taxi , directed by
John G. Adolfi , Starring
Antonio Moreno ,
Helene Costello and
Myrna Loy
Mother Machree (lost), directed by
John Ford , starring
Victor McLaglen ,
Belle Bennett and
Neil Hamilton
Moulin Rouge , directed by
Ewald André Dupont – (
GB )
My Man (lost), directed by
Archie Mayo , starring
Fanny Brice
The Mysterious Lady , directed by
Fred Niblo , starring
Greta Garbo and
Conrad Nagel
The Mysterious Mirror (Der Geheimnisvolle Spiegel) , directed by
Carl Hoffmann and Richard Teschner
[15] – (
Germany )
N
O
P
R
The Racket , directed by
Lewis Milestone , starring
Thomas Meighan ,
Louis Wolheim and
Marie Prevost
Ramona , directed by
Edwin Carewe , starring
Dolores del Río and
Warner Baxter
Ransom (lost), directed by
George B. Seitz , starring
Lois Wilson
Rasputin, the Holy Sinner (Rasputins Liebesabenteuer) , directed by Martin Berger – (
Germany )
Rasputin, the Prince of Sinners (Dornenweg einer Fürstin) , directed by Nikolai Larin and Boris Nevolin
[16] – (
Germany /
U.S.S.R. )
The Red Dance , directed by
Raoul Walsh , starring
Dolores del Río and
Charles Farrell
Red Hair (lost), directed by
Clarence G. Badger , starring
Clara Bow and
Lane Chandler
The Ringer , directed by
Arthur Maude – (
GB )
The Road to Ruin , directed by
Norton S. Parker , starring
Helen Foster
Rose-Marie (lost), directed by
Lucien Hubbard , starring
Joan Crawford
S
Sukumari (lit. 'The Good Girl') was the first Bengali-produced film in
Bangladesh
Sadie Thompson , directed by
Raoul Walsh , starring
Gloria Swanson and
Lionel Barrymore
The Seashell and the Clergyman (La Coquille et le Clergyman) , directed by
Germaine Dulac – (
France )
Sex in Chains (Geschlecht in Fesseln) , starring and directed by
William Dieterle – (
Germany )
Show People , directed by
King Vidor , starring
Marion Davies and
William Haines
The Singing Fool , directed by
Lloyd Bacon , starring
Al Jolson
Sins of the Fathers , directed by
Ludwig Berger , starring
Emil Jannings and
Ruth Chatterton
Skyscraper , directed by
Howard Higgin , starring
William Boyd and
Alan Hale
The Smart Set , directed by
Jack Conway , starring
William Haines
Something Always Happens , directed by
Frank Tuttle , starring
Esther Ralston ,
Neil Hamilton and
Sôjin Kamiyama
A South Sea Bubble , directed by
T. Hayes Hunter , starring
Ivor Novello and
Benita Hume – (
GB )
Speedy , directed by
Ted Wilde , starring
Harold Lloyd
Spione (Spies) , directed by
Fritz Lang , starring
Rudolf Klein-Rogge – (
Germany )
Steamboat Bill, Jr. , directed by
Charles Reisner , starring
Buster Keaton and
Ernest Torrence
Steamboat Willie , directed by
Walt Disney and
Ub Iwerks , debut of
Mickey and
Minnie Mouse
Storm Over Asia (Potomok Chingiskhana) , directed by
Vsevolod Pudovkin , starring
Valéry Inkijinoff – (
U.S.S.R. )
Street Angel , directed by
Frank Borzage , starring
Janet Gaynor and
Charles Farrell
Sweeney Todd , directed by
Walter West , based on the 1847 stage play The String of Pearls, or The Fiend of Fleet Street by
George Dibdin-Pitt )
[17] – (
GB )
T
Take Me Home (lost), directed by
Marshall Neilan , starring
Bebe Daniels and
Neil Hamilton
The Tell-Tale Heart , directed by Charles Klein and
Leon Shamroy , based on the 1843
short story by
Edgar Allan Poe
Tempest , directed by
Sam Taylor , starring
John Barrymore ,
Camilla Horn and
Louis Wolheim
The Terrible People (lost), a 10-chapter serial directed by
Spencer Gordon Bennett , starring
Allene Ray and
Walter Miller , based on the 1926
novel by
Edgar Wallace
The Terror , directed by
Roy Del Ruth , starring
May McAvoy ,
Louise Fazenda and
Edward Everett Horton , based on the 1927
stage play by
Edgar Wallace
[18]
Terror Mountain , directed by
Louis King , starring
Tom Tyler
[19]
Tesha , directed by
Victor Saville and
Edwin Greenwood , starring
María Corda – (
GB )
Thérèse Raquin (lost), directed by
Jacques Feyder – (
France )
A Thief in the Dark , directed by
Albert Ray
Three Sinners , directed by
Rowland V. Lee , starring
Pola Negri ,
Warner Baxter and
Olga Baclanova
Tillie's Punctured Romance (lost), directed by
A. Edward Sutherland , starring
W. C. Fields ,
Chester Conklin and
Louise Fazenda
Tommy Atkins , directed by
Norman Walker , starring
Lillian Hall-Davis –
GB )
Toni , directed by
Arthur Maude , starring
Jack Buchanan – (
GB )
The Trail of '98 , directed by
Clarence Brown , starring
Dolores del Río ,
Ralph Forbes and
Karl Dane
The Triumph of the Scarlet Pimpernel , directed by
T. Hayes Hunter , starring
Matheson Lang – (
GB )
Two Tars , directed by
James Parrott , starring
Laurel and Hardy
U
V
W
We Faw Down , directed by
Leo McCarey , starring
Laurel and Hardy
The Wedding March , directed by and starring
Erich von Stroheim with
Fay Wray and
ZaSu Pitts
West of Zanzibar , directed by
Tod Browning , starring
Lon Chaney ,
Lionel Barrymore and
Warner Baxter , based on the 1926 stage play Kongo by
Chester De Vonde
[19]
What a Night! (lost), directed by
A. Edward Sutherland , starring
Bebe Daniels and
Neil Hamilton
While the City Sleeps , directed by
Jack Conway , starring
Lon Chaney ,
Anita Page and
Mae Busch
White Shadows in the South Seas , directed by
W. S. Van Dyke
The Wind , directed by
Victor Sjöström , starring
Lillian Gish and
Lars Hanson
A Woman of Affairs , directed by
Clarence Brown , starring
John Gilbert ,
Greta Garbo ,
Lewis Stone ,
Johnny Mack Brown and
Douglas Fairbanks Jr.
Z
Short film series
Animated short film series
Births
January 1 –
Helen Westcott , American actress (died
1998 )
January 2 –
Ellen Kaarma , Estonian actress (died 1973)
January 5 –
Denise Bryer , British actress (died 2021)
January 7 –
William Peter Blatty , American screenwriter (died 2017)
January 15 –
Joanne Linville , American actress (died 2021)
January 20 –
Peter Donat , Canadian-American actor (died 2018)
January 23 –
Jeanne Moreau , French actress, singer, screenwriter and director (died 2017)
January 26 –
Roger Vadim , French director, screenwriter, actor (died 2000)
February 1 –
Stuart Whitman , American film and television actor (died 2020)
February 4 –
Vincent Wong , Jamaican-born British-Chinese actor (died 2015)
February 8 –
Jack Larson , American actor (died 2015)
February 11 –
Conrad Janis , American actor (died 2022)
February 16 –
Eva Ingeborg Scholz , German actress (died 2022)
February 18 –
Little Caesar , American singer and actor (died 1994)
February 22 –
Paul Dooley , American actor, writer and comedian
February 24 –
Al Lettieri , American actor (died 1975)
February 29
March 1 –
Jacques Rivette , French director (died 2016)
March 3 -
Joe Conley , American actor (died 2013)
March 11 –
Albert Salmi , American actor (died 1990)
March 13 –
Douglas Rain , Canadian actor (died 2018)
March 16 –
Victor Maddern , English actor (died 1993)
March 17 –
Eunice Gayson , English actress (died 2018)
March 19
March 24 –
Vanessa Brown American actress (died 1999)
March 27 -
Reg Evans , British actor (died 2009)
March 29 -
Philip Locke , English actor (died 2004)
March 30 –
Lilia Prado , Mexican actress, dancer (died 2006)
March 31 –
June Jago , Australian actress (died 2010)
April 1 –
George Grizzard , American actor (died 2007)
April 2 –
Piet Römer , Dutch actor (died 2012)
April 3 –
Kevin Hagen , American actor (died 2005)
April 4
April 7
April 11 –
Henri Garcin , Belgian actor (died 2022)
April 12 –
Hardy Krüger , German actor (died 2022)
April 23 –
Shirley Temple , American actress (died
2014 )
May 1 –
Vitaly Melnikov , Russian director and screenwriter (died 2022)
May 3 –
Jeanne Bal , American actress died (1996)
May 7 –
Georgi Rusev , Bulgarian actor (died 2011)
May 12 –
Burt Bacharach , American composer and songwriter (died 2023)
May 18
May 21 -
Alice Drummond , American actress (died 2016)
May 23 –
Nigel Davenport , English actor (died 2013)
May 28 –
Gina Cabrera , Cuban actress (died 2022)
May 30 –
Agnès Varda , Belgian-born French director, producer and screenwriter (died 2019)
June 4 –
Ruth Westheimer , German-American sex therapist, talk show host, and actress
June 5 –
Robert Lansing , American actor (died 1994)
June 7 –
James Ivory , American director, producer and screenwriter
June 8 –
Mimi Mariani , Indonesian actress, model, and singer (died 1971)
June 9 –
Jackie Mason , American stand-up comedian and actor (died 2021)
June 12
Vic Damone , American singer, entertainer and actor (died 2018)
Tom Rosqui , American character actor (died 1991)
June 13 –
Nikola Todev , Bulgarian actor (died 1991)
June 16 –
Ernst Stankovski , Austrian actor (died 2022)
June 19 –
Nancy Marchand , American actress (died 2000)
June 20 –
Martin Landau , American actor (died 2017)
June 21 –
Margit Bara , Hungarian actress (died 2016)
June 22 –
Ralph Waite , American actor (died 2014)
June 29 –
Ian Bannen , Scottish actor (died 1999)
June 30 -
Clifford David , American actor and singer (died 2017)
July 6 –
Nestor de Villa , Filipino actor (died 2004)
July 7 –
Pat Hitchcock , English actress and producer (died 2021)
July 12 –
Peter Cellier , English actor
July 13
July 14 –
Nancy Olson , American actress
July 15 –
Tom Troupe , American actor and writer
July 21 –
Chuck Low , American actor (died 2017)
July 22 –
Orson Bean , American actor (died 2020)
July 24 -
Michael Currie , American actor (died 2009)
July 26 –
Stanley Kubrick , American director (died 1999)
August 1 -
Nick LaTour , American actor (died 2011)
August 6 –
Andy Warhol , American artist and director (died 1987)
August 10 –
Gus Mercurio , American-born Australian character actor (died 2010)
August 14
August 15
August 16 –
Ann Blyth , American actress
August 18 –
Norma Donaldson , American actress and singer (died 1994)
August 20 -
Buddy Van Horn , American stunt coordinator and director (died 2021)
August 27 -
Bernard Atha , English actor (died 2022)
August 28 –
Charles Gray , English actor (died 2000)
August 31 –
James Coburn , American actor (died 2002)
September 1
September 3 –
Pilar Pallete , Peruvian actress
September 4 –
Dick York , American actor (died 1992)
September 9 –
Darrell Zwerling , American character actor (died 2014)
September 11 –
Earl Holliman , American actor
September 17 –
Roddy McDowall , British actor (died 1998)
September 19 –
Adam West , American actor (died 2017)
September 22 –
Eugene Roche , American actor (died 2004)
October 1
October 2 –
George McFarland , American actor (died 1993)
October 6 –
Barbara Werle , American actress (died 2013)
October 17 –
Don Collier , American actor (died 2021)
October 25
November 1 –
Emmaline Henry , American actress (died
1979 )
November 3
November 10
November 13
November 14 –
Kathleen Hughes , American actress
November 16 –
Clu Gulager , American actor (died
2022 )
November 20 -
Franklin Cover , American actor (died 2006)
November 23 –
Elmarie Wendel , American actress singer (died 2018)
November 25 –
Rance Howard , American actor (died 2017)
December 1 –
Malachi Throne , American actor (died 2013)
December 3 –
Carlo Giuffrè , Italian actor (died 2018)
December 5 –
Barbara Krafftówna , Polish actress (died 2022)
December 6 –
Lance Fuller , American actor (died
2001 )
December 9 –
Dick Van Patten , American actor (died 2015)
December 10 –
Barbara Nichols , American actress (died
1976 )
December 12 –
Lionel Blair , English actor and television presenter (died
2021 )
December 13 –
Nati Mistral , Spanish actress (died 2017)
December 16 –
Terry Carter , American actor and filmmaker (died 2024)
December 17 –
Leonid Bronevoy , Russian actor (died 2017)
December 21 –
Ed Nelson , American actor (died 2014)
December 25 –
Dick Miller , American actor (died 2019)
December 29
Deaths
January 2 –
Emily Stevens , American stage & film actress (born 1882)
January 3 –
Claude France , German film actress (born 1893)
January 11 -
Rapley Holmes , Canadian stage and screen actor (born 1868)
January 25 –
Charles Gorman , American stage and screen actor (born 1865)
January 26 -
Earl Metcalfe , American actor, (born 1889)
February 22 – Rudolph J. Bergquist American cinematographer
March 5 –
Lidia Quaranta , Italian actress (born 1891)
March 13 –
Elsie Mackay , British actress and heiress; lost at sea (born 1893)
April 22 –
Frank Currier , American director, stage & silent film actor (born 1857)
June 22 –
George Siegmann , American silent film actor (born 1882)
June 24 –
Holbrook Blinn , American stage & silent film actor (born 1872)
July 20 –
Scott Sidney , American film director (born 1872)
July 21
Ellen Terry , British stage actress of the Victorian and Edwardian times and later a silent film actress (born 1847)
Ward Crane , American film actor (born 1890)
August 10 –
Rex Cherryman , American actor (born 1896)
August 17 –
Frank Urson , American film director (born 1887)
August 26 –
Colin Campbell , British-born film director (born 1859)
October 8 –
Larry Semon , American film comedian (born 1889)
November 10 –
Anita Berber , German film actress (born 1899)
November 19 –
Jeanne Bérangère , French stage and film actress (born 1864)
December 14 –
Theodore Roberts , American film actor (born 1861)
December 25 –
Fred Thomson , American film actor (born 1890)
Film debuts
References
^
a
b
c
d
e
f Glancy, H Mark (1995). "Warner Bros Film Grosses, 1921–51: the William Schaefer ledger". Historical Journal of Film, Radio and Television . 15 : 55–73.
doi :
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^
a
b
c Finler, Joel Waldo (2003). The Hollywood Story . Wallflower Press. pp.
356–357 .
ISBN
978-1-903364-66-6 .
^ Crafton, Donald (1999). The Talkies: American Cinema's Transition to Sound, 1926-1931 . University of California Press. pp.
548–549 .
ISBN
0-520-22128-1 .
^
"The Circus (1928)" .
British Film Institute . Archived from
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^ Neibaur, James L. (2015). James Cagney Films of the 1930s . London: Rowman & Littlefield.
ISBN
9781442242203 .
^ Kiner, Larry F.; Evans, Philip R. (1992). Al Jolson: A Bio-Discography . Scarecrow Press. p. 107.
ISBN
9780810826335 .
^ Furia, Philip; Patterson, Laurie (2010).
The Songs of Hollywood . Oxford and New York: Oxford University Press. p.
26 .
ISBN
9780199792665 .
^ Munden, Kenneth White (1971). The American Film Institute Catalog – Feature Films 1921–1930 . Berkeley and Los Angeles: University of California Press. p. WH1.
ISBN
9780520209695 .
^ Brown, Allen (November 29, 2014).
"The Story Behind MGM's Lion Logo" . Movie Review World . Retrieved February 20, 2015 .
^ Stafford, Jeff.
"White Shadows in the South Seas" .
Turner Classic Movies . Retrieved February 20, 2015 .
^
a
b Workman, Christopher; Howarth, Troy (2016). "Tome of Terror: Horror Films of the Silent Era". Midnight Marquee Press. p. 322.
ISBN
978-1936168-68-2 .
^ Workman, Christopher; Howarth, Troy (2016). "Tome of Terror: Horror Films of the Silent Era". Midnight Marquee Press. p. 324.
ISBN
978-1936168-68-2 .
^ Workman, Christopher; Howarth, Troy (2016). "Tome of Terror: Horror Films of the Silent Era". Midnight Marquee Press. p. 342.
ISBN
978-1936168-68-2 .
^ Workman, Christopher; Howarth, Troy (2016). "Tome of Terror: Horror Films of the Silent Era". Midnight Marquee Press. p. 327.
ISBN
978-1936168-68-2 .
^
a
b Workman, Christopher; Howarth, Troy (2016). "Tome of Terror: Horror Films of the Silent Era". Midnight Marquee Press. p. 328.
ISBN
978-1936168-68-2 .
^ Workman, Christopher; Howarth, Troy (2016). "Tome of Terror: Horror Films of the Silent Era". Midnight Marquee Press. p. 330.
ISBN
978-1936168-68-2 .
^ Workman, Christopher; Howarth, Troy (2016). "Tome of Terror: Horror Films of the Silent Era". Midnight Marquee Press. p. 332.
ISBN
978-1936168-68-2 .
^ Workman, Christopher; Howarth, Troy (2016). "Tome of Terror: Horror Films of the Silent Era". Midnight Marquee Press. p. 333.
ISBN
978-1936168-68-2 .
^
a
b Workman, Christopher; Howarth, Troy (2016). "Tome of Terror: Horror Films of the Silent Era". Midnight Marquee Press. p. 335.
ISBN
978-1936168-68-2 .
External links