Award presented annually by the Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences
The Academy Award for Best Actor is an award presented annually by the
Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences (AMPAS). It has been awarded since the
1st Academy Awards to an actor who has delivered an outstanding performance in a
leading role in a film released that year. The award is traditionally presented by the previous year's
Best Actress winner.
The Best Actor award has been presented 96 times, to 86 actors. The first winner was
German actor
Emil Jannings for his roles in
The Last Command (1928) and
The Way of All Flesh (1927).
[1] The most recent winner is
Cillian Murphy for
Oppenheimer (2023), who simultaneously became the
first Irish born actor to win this award. Italian actor
Roberto Benigni gave the
first winning non-English performance in
Life Is Beautiful (1997) in this category. The record for
most wins is three, held by
Daniel Day-Lewis , while nine other actors have won twice. The record for
most nominations is nine, jointly held by
Spencer Tracy and
Laurence Olivier .
James Dean remains the only actor to have been posthumously nominated for this award more than once. At the
5th Academy Awards ,
Fredric March finished one vote ahead of
Wallace Beery ; under the rules of the time, this meant both actors were awarded, in this category's only tie.
Nominations process
Nominees are currently determined by
single transferable vote within the actors branch of AMPAS; winners are selected by a
plurality vote from the entire
eligible voting members of the Academy.
[2]
In the first three years of the awards, actors and actresses were nominated as the best individuals in their categories. At that time, all of their work during the qualifying period (as many as three films, in some cases) was listed after the award.
[3] Despite this, at the
3rd Academy Awards , held in 1930, only one film was cited in each winner's award regardless of how many they were eligible to be considered for during that span.
[4] The current system, in which an actor is nominated for a specific performance in a single film, was introduced for the
4th Academy Awards .
[3] Starting with the
9th Academy Awards , held in 1937, the category was limited to a maximum five nominations per year.
[3]
Winners and nominees
In the following table, the years are listed as per Academy convention, and generally correspond to the year of film release in
Los Angeles County ; the ceremonies are always held the following year.
[5] For the first five ceremonies, the eligibility period spanned twelve months, from August 1 to July 31.
[6] For the 6th ceremony held in 1934, the eligibility period lasted from August 1, 1932, to December 31, 1933.
[6] Since the 7th ceremony held in 1935, the period of eligibility became the full previous calendar year from January 1 to December 31.
[6]
1920s
1930s
1940s
1950s
1960s
1970s
1980s
1990s
2000s
2010s
2020s
Multiple awards and nominations
The following individuals received two or more Best Actor awards:
The following individuals received three or more Best Actor nominations:
Age superlatives
Films with multiple Leading Actor nominations
Winners are in bold .
Multiple character nominations
The following were nominated for their portrayals of the same fictional or non-fictional character in separate films (including variations of the original).
Winners are in bold .
Cyrano de Bergerac from
Cyrano de Bergerac (
José Ferrer , 1950) &
Cyrano de Bergerac (
Gérard Depardieu , 1990)
Eddie "Fast Eddie" Felson from
The Hustler (
Paul Newman , 1961) &
The Color of Money (Paul Newman , 1986)
Father Chuck O'Malley from
Going My Way (
Bing Crosby , 1944) &
The Bells of St. Mary's (Bing Crosby, 1945)
Joe Pendleton from
Here Comes Mr. Jordan (
Robert Montgomery , 1941) &
Heaven Can Wait (
Warren Beatty , 1978)
King Henry II from
Becket (
Peter O'Toole , 1964) &
The Lion in Winter (Peter O'Toole, 1968)
King Henry V from
Henry V (
Laurence Olivier , 1946) &
Henry V (
Kenneth Branagh , 1989)
King Henry VIII from
The Private Life of Henry VIII (
Charles Laughton , 1933),
A Man for All Seaons (
Robert Shaw , 1966) &
Anne of the Thousand Days (
Richard Burton , 1969)
Mr. Chipping from
Goodbye, Mr. Chips (
Robert Donat , 1939) &
Goodbye, Mr. Chips (Peter O'Toole, 1969)
Norman Maine (
né Hinkle /
né Ernest (Sidney) Gubbins ) from
A Star Is Born (
Fredric March , 1937) &
A Star Is Born (
James Mason , 1954)
President Abraham Lincoln from
Abe Lincoln in Illinois (
Raymond Massey , 1940) &
Lincoln (
Daniel Day-Lewis , 2012)
President Richard Nixon from
Nixon (
Anthony Hopkins , 1995) &
Frost/Nixon (
Frank Langella , 2008)
Professor Henry Higgins from
Pygmalion (
Leslie Howard , 1938) &
My Fair Lady (
Rex Harrison , 1964)
Rooster Cogburn from
True Grit (
John Wayne , 1969) &
True Grit (
Jeff Bridges , 2010)
Vincent van Gogh from
Lust for Life (
Kirk Douglas , 1956) &
At Eternity's Gate (
Willem Dafoe , 2018)
See also
Notes
A
^ : According to longstanding Hollywood legend,
[107] reported by
Susan Orlean ,
[108]
Rin Tin Tin actually received the most Best Actor votes, but the Academy (not wishing to give the first award to a dog) refactored the votes to ensure that Jannings won.
[109]
B
^ :
The Circus originally received three nominations: Best Director (Comedy Picture), Best Actor, and Best Writing (Original Story) – for
Charles Chaplin . However, the
Academy subsequently decided to remove Chaplin's name from the competitive award categories and instead to confer upon him a
Special Award "for acting, writing, directing and producing The Circus ".
[8]
C
1
2
3 : Rules at the time of the first three ceremonies allowed for a performer to receive a single nomination which could honor their work in more than one film.
George Arliss ,
Maurice Chevalier , and
Ronald Colman were all nominated for two different roles in the same category. Current Academy rules forbid this from happening. No official reason was ever given as to why Arliss won the award for only one of the two films he was listed for.
[110]
D
1
2 :
Fredric March received one more vote than
Wallace Beery . Academy rules at that time considered such a close margin to be a tie, so both March and Beery received the award. Under the current rules, it is stipulated that a tie must result in the exact same number of votes.
[111]
E
^ : As with the previous year, when the Academy relaxed the rules to allow write-in votes following the outcry over
Bette Davis's snub for
Of Human Bondage , the Academy permitted write-in votes this year as well. Thus,
Paul Muni received a write-in nomination for his performance in
Black Fury , and actually finished second in the votes. Although as with Davis the previous year, the Academy does not recognize these two as "official nominees", they are nevertheless listed on the official website amongst their respective years' nominations for posterity's sake.
[112]
F
^ : Due to category confusion,
Barry Fitzgerald received nominations (each for the same performance as Father Fitzgibbon in
Going My Way ) in both the leading and
supporting actor categories for 1944, winning the Oscar for the latter. As a result of this fiasco, the Academy amended its rules so that if any actor or actress received enough votes to land in the final five nominees for both again, they would only receive the nomination for the category in which they obtained the largest percentage of recognition.
[113]
^ The 2nd Academy Awards is unique in being the only occasion where there were no official nominees. Subsequent research by AMPAS has resulted in a list of unofficial or de facto nominees, based on records of which films were evaluated by the judges.
References
^
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Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences (AMPAS). p. 1. Archived from
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^
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^
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b
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^ Dirks, Tim.
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^
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^
a
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^
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^
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^
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^
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Archived from the original on July 2, 2016. Retrieved August 27, 2013 .
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"The 10th Academy Awards (1938) Nominees and Winners" . Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences (AMPAS).
Archived from the original on March 21, 2016. Retrieved August 27, 2013 .
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"The 11th Academy Awards (1939) Nominees and Winners" . Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences (AMPAS).
Archived from the original on July 2, 2016. Retrieved August 27, 2013 .
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Archived from the original on January 28, 2017. Retrieved August 27, 2013 .
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"The 13th Academy Awards (1941) Nominees and Winners" . Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences (AMPAS).
Archived from the original on March 21, 2016. Retrieved August 27, 2013 .
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"The 14th Academy Awards (1942) Nominees and Winners" . Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences (AMPAS).
Archived from the original on April 2, 2015. Retrieved August 27, 2013 .
^
"The 15th Academy Awards (1943) Nominees and Winners" . Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences (AMPAS).
Archived from the original on July 6, 2011. Retrieved August 27, 2013 .
^
"The 16th Academy Awards (1944) Nominees and Winners" . Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences (AMPAS).
Archived from the original on March 21, 2016. Retrieved August 27, 2013 .
^
"The 17th Academy Awards (1945) Nominees and Winners" . Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences (AMPAS).
Archived from the original on July 2, 2016. Retrieved August 27, 2013 .
^
"The 18th Academy Awards (1946) Nominees and Winners" . Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences (AMPAS).
Archived from the original on April 2, 2015. Retrieved August 27, 2013 .
^
"The 19th Academy Awards (1947) Nominees and Winners" . Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences (AMPAS).
Archived from the original on April 2, 2015. Retrieved August 27, 2013 .
^
"The 20th Academy Awards (1948) Nominees and Winners" . Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences (AMPAS).
Archived from the original on July 2, 2016. Retrieved August 27, 2013 .
^
"The 21st Academy Awards (1949) Nominees and Winners" . Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences (AMPAS).
Archived from the original on November 11, 2014. Retrieved August 27, 2013 .
^
"The 22nd Academy Awards (1950) Nominees and Winners" . Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences (AMPAS).
Archived from the original on April 2, 2015. Retrieved August 27, 2013 .
^
"The 23rd Academy Awards (1951) Nominees and Winners" . Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences (AMPAS).
Archived from the original on January 28, 2017. Retrieved August 27, 2013 .
^
"The 24th Academy Awards (1952) Nominees and Winners" . Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences (AMPAS).
Archived from the original on April 2, 2015. Retrieved August 27, 2013 .
^
"The 25th Academy Awards (1953) Nominees and Winners" . Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences (AMPAS).
Archived from the original on November 11, 2014. Retrieved August 27, 2013 .
^
"The 26th Academy Awards (1954) Nominees and Winners" . Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences (AMPAS).
Archived from the original on April 2, 2015. Retrieved August 27, 2013 .
^
"The 27th Academy Awards (1955) Nominees and Winners" . Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences (AMPAS).
Archived from the original on December 20, 2014. Retrieved August 27, 2013 .
^
"The 28th Academy Awards (1956) Nominees and Winners" . Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences (AMPAS).
Archived from the original on November 11, 2014. Retrieved August 27, 2013 .
^
"The 29th Academy Awards (1957) Nominees and Winners" . Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences (AMPAS).
Archived from the original on April 2, 2015. Retrieved August 27, 2013 .
^
"The 30th Academy Awards (1958) Nominees and Winners" . Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences (AMPAS).
Archived from the original on April 2, 2015. Retrieved August 27, 2013 .
^
"The 31st Academy Awards (1959) Nominees and Winners" . Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences (AMPAS).
Archived from the original on April 2, 2015. Retrieved August 27, 2013 .
^
"The 32nd Academy Awards (1960) Nominees and Winners" . Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences (AMPAS).
Archived from the original on September 8, 2016. Retrieved August 27, 2013 .
^
"The 33rd Academy Awards (1961) Nominees and Winners" . Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences (AMPAS).
Archived from the original on April 2, 2015. Retrieved August 27, 2013 .
^
"The 34th Academy Awards (1962) Nominees and Winners" . Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences (AMPAS).
Archived from the original on April 2, 2015. Retrieved August 27, 2013 .
^
"The 35th Academy Awards (1963) Nominees and Winners" . Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences (AMPAS).
Archived from the original on July 2, 2016. Retrieved August 27, 2013 .
^
"The 36th Academy Awards (1964) Nominees and Winners" . Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences (AMPAS).
Archived from the original on April 2, 2015. Retrieved August 27, 2013 .
^
"The 37th Academy Awards (1965) Nominees and Winners" . Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences (AMPAS).
Archived from the original on April 2, 2015. Retrieved August 27, 2013 .
^
"The 38th Academy Awards (1966) Nominees and Winners" . Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences (AMPAS).
Archived from the original on April 2, 2015. Retrieved August 27, 2013 .
^
"The 39th Academy Awards (1967) Nominees and Winners" . Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences (AMPAS).
Archived from the original on April 2, 2015. Retrieved August 27, 2013 .
^
"The 40th Academy Awards (1968) Nominees and Winners" . Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences (AMPAS).
Archived from the original on April 2, 2015. Retrieved August 27, 2013 .
^
"The 41st Academy Awards (1969) Nominees and Winners" . Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences (AMPAS).
Archived from the original on April 2, 2015. Retrieved August 27, 2013 .
^
"The 42nd Academy Awards (1970) Nominees and Winners" . Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences (AMPAS).
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a
b
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^
"The 43rd Academy Awards (1971) Nominees and Winners" . Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences (AMPAS).
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^
"The 44th Academy Awards (1972) Nominees and Winners" . Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences (AMPAS).
Archived from the original on April 2, 2015. Retrieved August 27, 2013 .
^
"The 45th Academy Awards (1973) Nominees and Winners" . Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences (AMPAS).
Archived from the original on April 2, 2015. Retrieved August 27, 2013 .
^
"The 46th Academy Awards (1974) Nominees and Winners" . Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences (AMPAS).
Archived from the original on April 2, 2015. Retrieved August 27, 2013 .
^
"The 47th Academy Awards (1975) Nominees and Winners" . Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences (AMPAS).
Archived from the original on April 2, 2015. Retrieved August 27, 2013 .
^
"The 48th Academy Awards (1976) Nominees and Winners" . Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences (AMPAS).
Archived from the original on April 2, 2015. Retrieved August 27, 2013 .
^
"The 49th Academy Awards (1977) Nominees and Winners" . Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences (AMPAS).
Archived from the original on April 2, 2015. Retrieved August 27, 2013 .
^
"The 50th Academy Awards (1978) Nominees and Winners" . Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences (AMPAS).
Archived from the original on April 2, 2015. Retrieved August 27, 2013 .
^
"The 51st Academy Awards (1979) Nominees and Winners" . Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences (AMPAS).
Archived from the original on April 2, 2015. Retrieved August 27, 2013 .
^
"The 52nd Academy Awards (1980) Nominees and Winners" . Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences (AMPAS).
Archived from the original on April 2, 2015. Retrieved August 27, 2013 .
^
"The 53rd Academy Awards (1980) Nominees and Winners" . Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences (AMPAS).
Archived from the original on April 2, 2015. Retrieved August 27, 2013 .
^
"The 54th Academy Awards (1982) Nominees and Winners" . Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences (AMPAS).
Archived from the original on April 2, 2015. Retrieved August 27, 2013 .
^
"The 55th Academy Awards (1983) Nominees and Winners" . Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences (AMPAS). Archived from
the original on September 5, 2012. Retrieved August 27, 2013 .
^
"The 56th Academy Awards (1984) Nominees and Winners" . Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences (AMPAS).
Archived from the original on April 2, 2015. Retrieved August 27, 2013 .
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"The 57th Academy Awards (1985) Nominees and Winners" . Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences (AMPAS).
Archived from the original on April 2, 2015. Retrieved August 27, 2013 .
^
"The 58th Academy Awards (1986) Nominees and Winners" . Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences (AMPAS).
Archived from the original on April 2, 2015. Retrieved August 27, 2013 .
^
"The 59th Academy Awards (1987) Nominees and Winners" . Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences (AMPAS).
Archived from the original on April 2, 2015. Retrieved August 27, 2013 .
^
"The 60th Academy Awards (1988) Nominees and Winners" . Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences (AMPAS).
Archived from the original on April 2, 2015. Retrieved August 27, 2013 .
^
"The 61st Academy Awards (1989) Nominees and Winners" . Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences (AMPAS).
Archived from the original on July 6, 2011. Retrieved August 27, 2013 .
^
"The 62nd Academy Awards (1990) Nominees and Winners" . Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences (AMPAS).
Archived from the original on April 2, 2015. Retrieved August 27, 2013 .
^
"The 63rd Academy Awards (1991) Nominees and Winners" . Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences (AMPAS).
Archived from the original on April 2, 2015. Retrieved August 27, 2013 .
^
"The 64th Academy Awards (1992) Nominees and Winners" . Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences (AMPAS).
Archived from the original on April 2, 2015. Retrieved August 27, 2013 .
^
"The 65th Academy Awards (1993) Nominees and Winners" . Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences (AMPAS).
Archived from the original on April 2, 2015. Retrieved August 27, 2013 .
^
"The 66th Academy Awards (1994) Nominees and Winners" . Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences (AMPAS).
Archived from the original on April 2, 2015. Retrieved August 27, 2013 .
^
"The 67th Academy Awards (1995) Nominees and Winners" . Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences (AMPAS).
Archived from the original on April 2, 2015. Retrieved August 27, 2013 .
^
"The 68th Academy Awards (1996) Nominees and Winners" . Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences (AMPAS).
Archived from the original on April 2, 2015. Retrieved August 27, 2013 .
^
"The 69th Academy Awards (1997) Nominees and Winners" . Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences (AMPAS).
Archived from the original on April 2, 2015. Retrieved August 27, 2013 .
^
"The 70th Academy Awards (1998) Nominees and Winners" . Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences (AMPAS).
Archived from the original on April 2, 2015. Retrieved August 27, 2013 .
^
"The 71st Academy Awards (1999) Nominees and Winners" . Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences (AMPAS).
Archived from the original on April 2, 2015. Retrieved August 27, 2013 .
^
"The 72nd Academy Awards (2000) Nominees and Winners" . Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences (AMPAS).
Archived from the original on April 2, 2015. Retrieved August 27, 2013 .
^
"The 73rd Academy Awards (2001) Nominees and Winners" . Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences (AMPAS).
Archived from the original on April 2, 2015. Retrieved August 27, 2013 .
^
"The 74th Academy Awards (2002) Nominees and Winners" . Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences (AMPAS).
Archived from the original on April 2, 2015. Retrieved August 27, 2013 .
^
"The 75th Academy Awards (2003) Nominees and Winners" . Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences (AMPAS).
Archived from the original on April 2, 2015. Retrieved August 27, 2013 .
^
"The 76th Academy Awards (2004) Nominees and Winners" . Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences (AMPAS).
Archived from the original on April 2, 2015. Retrieved August 27, 2013 .
^
"The 77th Academy Awards (2005) Nominees and Winners" . Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences (AMPAS).
Archived from the original on May 2, 2017. Retrieved August 27, 2013 .
^
"The 78th Academy Awards (2006) Nominees and Winners" . Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences (AMPAS).
Archived from the original on November 9, 2014. Retrieved August 27, 2013 .
^
"The 79th Academy Awards (2007) Nominees and Winners" . Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences (AMPAS).
Archived from the original on April 2, 2015. Retrieved August 27, 2013 .
^
"The 80th Academy Awards (2008) Nominees and Winners" . Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences (AMPAS).
Archived from the original on April 2, 2015. Retrieved August 27, 2013 .
^
"The 81st Academy Awards (2009) Nominees and Winners" . Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences (AMPAS).
Archived from the original on November 10, 2014. Retrieved August 27, 2013 .
^
"The 82nd Academy Awards (2010) Nominees and Winners" . Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences (AMPAS).
Archived from the original on September 29, 2012. Retrieved August 27, 2013 .
^
"The 83rd Academy Awards (2011) Nominees and Winners" . Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences (AMPAS).
Archived from the original on May 5, 2011. Retrieved August 27, 2013 .
^
"The 84th Academy Awards (2012) Nominees and Winners" . Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences (AMPAS).
Archived from the original on October 15, 2014. Retrieved August 27, 2013 .
^
"The 85th Academy Awards (2013) Nominees and Winners" . Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences (AMPAS).
Archived from the original on October 14, 2014. Retrieved August 27, 2013 .
^
"The 86th Academy Awards (2014) Nominees and Winners" . Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences (AMPAS).
Archived from the original on October 14, 2014. Retrieved April 10, 2014 .
^
"The 87th Academy Awards (2015) Nominees and Winners" . Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences (AMPAS).
Archived from the original on March 10, 2015. Retrieved January 15, 2015 .
^
"The 88th Academy Awards (2016) Nominees and Winners" . Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences (AMPAS).
Archived from the original on January 25, 2016. Retrieved January 14, 2016 .
^
"The 89th Academy Awards (2017) Nominees and Winners" . Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences (AMPAS).
Archived from the original on March 3, 2017. Retrieved January 14, 2017 .
^
"The 90th Academy Awards (2018) Nominees and Winners" . Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences (AMPAS).
Archived from the original on April 1, 2018. Retrieved March 14, 2023 .
^
"The 91st Academy Awards (2019) Nominees and Winners" . Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences (AMPAS).
Archived from the original on March 1, 2019. Retrieved March 14, 2023 .
^
"The 92nd Academy Awards (2020) Nominees and Winners" . Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences (AMPAS).
Archived from the original on February 16, 2020. Retrieved March 14, 2023 .
^ The eligibility period for the 93rd ceremony was extended through to February 28, 2021, due to the impact of the
COVID-19 pandemic .
^
"The 93rd Academy Awards (2021) Nominees and Winners" . Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences (AMPAS).
Archived from the original on May 1, 2021. Retrieved March 14, 2023 .
^
"The 94th Academy Awards (2022) Nominees and Winners" . Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences (AMPAS).
Archived from the original on April 1, 2022. Retrieved March 14, 2023 .
^
"The 95th Academy Awards (2023) Nominees and Winners" . Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences (AMPAS).
Archived from the original on March 14, 2023. Retrieved March 14, 2023 .
^
"The 96th Academy Awards (2024) Nominees and Winners" . Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences (AMPAS).
Archived from the original on March 22, 2024. Retrieved March 24, 2024 .
^
"Oldest/Youngest Acting Nominees and Winners" . Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences (AMPAS). Archived from
the original on March 1, 2009. Retrieved September 16, 2014 .
^ Orlean, Susan (August 29, 2011).
"The Dog Star" .
The New Yorker .
Archived from the original on January 28, 2015. Retrieved January 25, 2015 .
^ Brooks, Xan.
"Award posthumous Oscar to dog star Rin Tin Tin, says biographer" .
The Guardian .
Archived from the original on January 28, 2015. Retrieved January 25, 2015 .
^
Orlean 2011 , pp. 88–89
^ Rooney, David (November 25, 2003).
"On the double-bubble" .
Variety .
Archived from the original on April 2, 2015. Retrieved August 30, 2013 .
^
Levy 2003 , p. 116
^ Alperti, Cliff (August 6, 2014).
"Black Fury (1935) – Paul Muni Stars in Another Ripped from the Headlines Story" . Immortal Ephemera . Retrieved August 15, 2023 .
^ Mosley, Matthew (July 18, 2023).
"This Was the Only Time an Actor Was Oscar-Nominated in Two Categories for the Same Film" .
Collider . Retrieved August 16, 2023 .
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External links
Combined major Academy Awards Acting Directing Film Countries of the nominees Nominees demographics Other Combined major awards
1928–1950 1951–1975 1976–2000 2001–present 1 refused award that year