Juan Manuel de Rosas (30 March 1793 – 14 March 1877) was an army officer who ruled
Buenos Aires Province and briefly the
Argentine Confederation. Like other wealthy provincial warlords, Rosas enlisted rural workers from his landholdings in a private militia, and took part in the numerous disputes and civil wars in his country. He eventually became the undisputed leader of the Argentine army and the
Federalist Party. In 1831, he signed the
Federal Pact, recognizing provincial autonomy and creating the Argentine Confederation. He established a
dictatorship and formed the repressive Mazorca, an armed
parapolice that killed thousands of citizens. By 1848, after
a war against the
Peru–Bolivian Confederation, a
blockade by France, and a
revolt in his own province, he ruled all of Argentina, and was attempting to annex the neighboring nations of
Uruguay and
Paraguay. When the
Empire of Brazil came to Uruguay's aid, Rosas declared war in August 1851. The short
Platine War ended with the defeat of Rosas and his flight to Britain. His last years were spent in exile living as a
tenant farmer. (
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... that Danish artist Lucie Ingemann(pictured), known for her large
altarpieces depicting biblical figures, also created flower paintings with religious and mystical themes?
... that myriad recipes for corn chowder began circulating in U.S. cookbooks after a recipe for the dish was published in the Boston Cook Book in 1884?
Vincent van Gogh (1853–1890) was a Dutch
Post-Impressionist painter. As Van Gogh's work developed, he painted such subjects as
still lifes,
peasant labourers,
landscapes,
olive trees,
wheat fields, and
sunflowers, and over time he used increasingly brighter colours. Van Gogh sold only one painting during his lifetime, and was considered a madman and a failure. However, since the early 20th century he has attained widespread critical and popular acclaim, and his works are among the world's
most expensive paintings.
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