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More than 550,000 Americans died fighting the Civil War, including these men who fell during the bloody Battle of Antietam.
This section of the
timeline of United States history concerns events from 1860 to 1899 .
1860s
Presidency of James Buchanan
U.S. territorial extent in 1860
April 3, 1860 –
Pony Express begins.
November 6 –
1860 United States presidential election :
Abraham Lincoln elected president and
Hannibal Hamlin vice president with only 39% of the vote in a four-man race.
December 18 –
Crittenden Compromise fails.
December 20 –
President Buchanan fires his cabinet.
December 20 –
South Carolina secedes from the Union
January 9, 1861 – Secessionist forces in South Carolina fire at the USS
Star of the West , forcing it to withdraw.
January 9 – Mississippi secedes from the Union
January 10 – Florida secedes from the Union
January 11 – Alabama secedes from the Union
January 19 – Georgia secedes from the Union
January 26 – Louisiana secedes from the Union
February 1 – Texas secedes from the Union
February 4 – Secessionist states establish the
Confederate States of America
February 9 –
Jefferson Davis elected provisional president of the Confederacy.
Alexander H. Stephens elected provisional vice president of the Confederacy.
February 11 – Stephens becomes provisional vice president of the Confederate States.
February 18 – Davis becomes provisional president of the Confederate States.
March 2 – The
Corwin Amendment to enshrine slavery forever is passed by Congress. It is not ratified.
Presidency of Abraham Lincoln
March 4, 1861 – Lincoln becomes the 16th president and Hamlin becomes the 15th vice president
1861 –
American Civil War begins at
Fort Sumter
1861 –
First Battle of Bull Run (First Battle of Manassas)
1861 – Davis unanimously elected to full term as Confederate president, Stephen unanimously elected to full term as Confederate vice president.
February 22, 1862 – Davis becomes Confederate president, Stephens become Confederate vice president.
1862 –
Battle of Hampton Roads (Battle of the Monitor and Merrimack; first ever naval battle between iron-sided ships)
1862 –
Homestead Act
1862 –
Morrill Land-Grant Colleges Act
1862 – Gen.
Robert E. Lee placed in command of the
Army of Northern Virginia
1862 –
Second Battle of Bull Run (Second Battle of Manassas)
1862 –
Battle of Antietam (Battle of Sharpsburg)
1862 –
Dakota War of 1862 begins
1862–1863 – Lincoln issues
Emancipation Proclamation
1863 –
Battle of Gettysburg
1863 – The
Siege of Vicksburg ends
1863 –
New York City draft riots
1863 – Pro-Union Virginia counties become separate state of
West Virginia
1863 - Lincoln announces the
10% Plan
1864 – Gen.
Ulysses S. Grant put in command of all Union forces
1864 –
Wade–Davis Bill
1864 –
Sand Creek massacre
1864 –
Nevada becomes a state
1864 –
U.S. presidential election, 1864 ;
Abraham Lincoln is reelected president and
Andrew Johnson elected vice president on the "fusion" Union Party ticket.
1864 –
Sherman's March to the Sea
1865 –
Robert E. Lee made commander-in-chief of all Confederate forces
March 4, 1865 – President Lincoln begins second term; Johnson becomes the 16th vice president
1865 –
Richmond, Virginia , the Confederate capital, captured by a corps of black Union troops
1865 – Lee surrenders to Grant at
Appomattox Court House
1865 –
Freedmen's Bureau
1865 - the 13th Amendment was adopted, setting slaves free forever.
Presidency of Andrew Johnson
Presidency of Ulysses S. Grant
1870s
U.S. territorial extent in 1870
1870 –
15th Amendment
1870 – First graduate programs (at
Yale and
Harvard )
1870 –
Black Codes
1870 -
Virginia ,
Mississippi ,
Texas , and
Georgia are readmitted to the union
1871 –
Great Chicago Fire
1871 –
Treaty of Washington with the
British Empire regarding
Canada
1871 -
The New York Times published evidence of
Tweed's rampant greed .
1871 -
Civil Service Reform Act passes
1871 -
Ku Klux Klan Act
1872 –
Yellowstone National Park created
1872 –
Crédit Mobilier scandal
1872 –
Amnesty Act
1872 –
Alabama Claims
1872 –
U.S. presidential election, 1872 :
Ulysses S. Grant reelected president;
Henry Wilson elected vice president
1872 -
Victoria Claflin Woodhull , first woman presidential candidate, enters presidential race.
1873 –
Panic of 1873
March 4, 1873 – President Grant begins second term; Wilson becomes the 18th vice president
1873 –
Virginius Affair
1873 - One of
the first schools of nursing opens at
Bellevue Hospital in
New York
1874 –
Red River Indian War
1874 -
National Woman's Christian Temperance Union formed in Cleveland
1875 –
Aristides (horse) wins first
Kentucky Derby
1875 –
Resumption Act
1875 –
Civil Rights Act of 1875
1875 – The
Art Students League of New York is founded
November 22, 1875 – Vice President Wilson dies
1875 -
Whiskey Ring Scandal
1876 –
National League of
baseball founded
1876 –
Centennial Exposition in
Philadelphia
1876 –
Munn v. Illinois establishes public regulation of utilities
1876 –
Colorado becomes a state
1876 –
Battle of Little Bighorn
1876 -
Central Park opens in
New York City
1876 –
Wild Bill Hickok is killed by a shot to the back of his head by
Jack McCall while playing poker in
Deadwood, South Dakota . He held aces and eights , now known as the
Dead man's hand .
1876 –
U.S. presidential election, 1876 seemingly elects
Samuel J. Tilden president and
Thomas A. Hendricks vice president, but results are disputed with 20
Electoral College votes allegedly in doubt.
1877 – The
Electoral Commission awards
Rutherford B. Hayes the presidency and
William A. Wheeler the vice presidency in return for ending the military occupation of the South.
1877 –
Great Railroad Strike of 1877
Presidency of Rutherford B. Hayes
1880s
U.S. territorial extent in 1880
Presidency of James A. Garfield
March 4, 1881 – Garfield becomes the 20th president; Arthur becomes the 20th vice president.
July 2, 1881 – President Garfield is shot by a deranged gunman on a train platform.
Presidency of Chester A. Arthur
First presidency of Grover Cleveland
Presidency of Benjamin Harrison
March 4, 1889 – Harrison becomes the 23rd president and Morton becomes the 22nd vice president
1889 –
Oklahoma Land Rush (April 22, 1889)
1889 – Centennial of the Constitution celebrated.
1889 –
North Dakota ,
South Dakota ,
Montana and
Washington become states
1889 –
Johnstown Flood in Pennsylvania
1889 –
Jane Addams founds
Hull House
December 6, 1889 – Former Confederate president Jefferson Davis dies.
1889 - During a speech given by Benjamin Harrison, he becomes the first U.S. president in history to have a voice recording.
1890s
Second presidency of Grover Cleveland
Presidency of William McKinley
March 4, 1897 – McKinley becomes the 25th president; and Hobart becomes the 24th vice president
Wreckage of the USS Maine
See also
References
External links