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American crystallographer (1903–1986)
Martin Julian Buerger (April 8, 1903 – February 26, 1986) was an American
crystallographer . He was a Professor of Mineralogy at the
Massachusetts Institute of Technology . He invented the X-ray precession camera for studies in
crystallography . Buerger authored twelve textbooks/monographs and over 200 technical articles. He was awarded the
Arthur L. Day Medal by the
Geological Society of America in 1951. The
mineral
fluor-buergerite was named for him. The MJ Buerger Award (established by the
American Crystallographic Association ) was established in his honor.
Buerger was a member of the Provisional International Crystallographic Committee chaired by
P. P. Ewald from 1946 to 1948, and he continued as a member of the IUCr Executive Committee from 1948 to 1951. He was also a member of the Commission on International Tables from its establishment in 1948 until 1981.
In 1956, Buerger was the third person (after
John C. Slater and
Francis O. Schmitt ) to have been appointed
Institute Professor at MIT.
Significant works
Buerger MJ (July 1934).
"The Temperature-Structure-Composition Behavior of Certain Crystals" . Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America . 20 (7): 444–53.
doi :
10.1073/pnas.20.7.444 .
PMC
1076442 .
PMID
16577615 .
Buerger MJ (December 1936).
"The Kinetic Basis of Crystal Polymorphism" . Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America . 22 (12): 682–5.
doi :
10.1073/pnas.22.12.682 .
PMC
1076843 .
PMID
16577751 .
Buerger MJ (December 1936).
"The General Rôle of Composition in Polymorphism" . Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America . 22 (12): 685–9.
doi :
10.1073/pnas.22.12.685 .
PMC
1076844 .
PMID
16577752 .
Buerger MJ (July 1939).
"The Photography of Interatomic Distance Vectors and of Crystal Patterns" . Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America . 25 (7): 383–8.
doi :
10.1073/pnas.25.7.383 .
PMC
1077926 .
PMID
16577920 .
Buerger MJ (November 1940).
"The Correction of X-Ray Diffraction Intensities for Lorentz and Polarization Factors" . Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America . 26 (11): 637–42.
doi :
10.1073/pnas.26.11.637 .
PMC
1078244 .
PMID
16577987 .
Buerger MJ (February 1941).
"Optically Reciprocal Gratings and Their Application to Synthesis of Fourier Series" . Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America . 27 (2): 117–24.
doi :
10.1073/pnas.27.2.117 .
PMC
1078286 .
PMID
16577998 .
Buerger MJ (July 1942).
"A New Fourier Series Technique for Crystal Structure Determination" . Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America . 28 (7): 281–5.
doi :
10.1073/pnas.28.7.281 .
PMC
1078468 .
PMID
16578051 .
Buerger MJ, Smith LB, de Bretteville A, Ryer FV (December 1942).
"The Lower Hydrates of Soap" . Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America . 28 (12): 526–9.
doi :
10.1073/pnas.28.12.526 .
PMC
1078532 .
PMID
16588581 .
Buerger MJ (December 1942).
"The Characteristics of Soap Hemihydrate Crystals" . Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America . 28 (12): 529–35.
doi :
10.1073/pnas.28.12.529 .
PMC
1078533 .
PMID
16588582 .
Buerger MJ, Smith LB, Ryer FV, Spike JE (August 1945).
"The Crystalline Phases of Soap" . Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America . 31 (8): 226–33.
doi :
10.1073/pnas.31.8.226 .
PMC
1078808 .
PMID
16588693 .
Buerger MJ (June 1948).
"Some Relations Between the F's and F2's of X-Ray Diffraction" . Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America . 34 (6): 277–85.
doi :
10.1073/pnas.34.6.277 .
PMC
1079109 .
PMID
16588811 .
Buerger MJ (April 1949).
"Crystallographic Symmetry in Reciprocal Space" . Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America . 35 (4): 198–201.
doi :
10.1073/pnas.35.4.198 .
PMC
1062998 .
PMID
16588883 .
Buerger MJ (May 1950).
"The Crystallographic Symmetries Determinable by X-Ray Diffraction" . Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America . 36 (5): 324–9.
doi :
10.1073/pnas.36.5.324 .
PMC
1063191 .
PMID
15417548 .
Buerger MJ (May 1950).
"The Photography of Atoms in Crystals" . Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America . 36 (5): 330–5.
doi :
10.1073/pnas.36.5.330 .
PMC
1063192 .
PMID
15417549 .
Buerger MJ (July 1950).
"Some New Functions of Interest in X-Ray Crystallography" . Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America . 36 (7): 376–82.
doi :
10.1073/pnas.36.7.376 .
PMC
1063208 .
PMID
15430317 .
Buerger MJ (December 1950).
"Limitation of Electron Density by the Patterson Function" . Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America . 36 (12): 738–42.
doi :
10.1073/pnas.36.12.738 .
PMC
1063280 .
PMID
16578351 .
Buerger MJ (July 1953).
"Image Theory of Superposed Vector Sets" . Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America . 39 (7): 669–73.
doi :
10.1073/pnas.39.7.669 .
PMC
1063842 .
PMID
16589322 .
Buerger MJ (July 1953).
"Solution Functions for Solving Superposed Patterson Syntheses" . Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America . 39 (7): 674–8.
doi :
10.1073/pnas.39.7.674 .
PMC
1063843 .
PMID
16589323 .
Buerger MJ (July 1953).
"An Intersection Function and Its Relations to the Minimum Function of X-Ray Crystallography" . Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America . 39 (7): 678–80.
doi :
10.1073/pnas.39.7.678 .
PMC
1063844 .
PMID
16589324 .
Buerger MJ (February 1954).
"Some Relations for Crystals with Substructures" . Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America . 40 (2): 125–8.
doi :
10.1073/pnas.40.2.125 .
PMC
527953 .
PMID
16589430 .
Buerger MJ, Robinson DW (April 1955).
"THE CRYSTAL STRUCTURE AND TWINNING OF Co2S3" . Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America . 41 (4): 199–203.
doi :
10.1073/pnas.41.4.199 .
PMC
528056 .
PMID
16589645 .
Buerger MJ (March 1956).
"The Arrangement of Atoms in Crystals of the Wollastonite Group of Metasilicates" . Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America . 42 (3): 113–6.
doi :
10.1073/pnas.42.3.113 .
PMC
528228 .
PMID
16589830 .
Buerger MJ (October 1956).
"Partial Fourier Syntheses and Their Application to the Solution of Certain Crystal Structures" . Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America . 42 (10): 776–81.
doi :
10.1073/pnas.42.10.776 .
PMC
528335 .
PMID
16589951 .
Takeuchi Y, Buerger MJ (October 1960).
"The Crystal Structure of Terramycin Hydrochloride" . Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America . 46 (10): 1366–70.
doi :
10.1073/pnas.46.10.1366 .
PMC
223052 .
PMID
16590759 .
Crystal-Structure Analysis, 668pp, Krieger Pub Co., 1979
Introduction to crystal geometry, 204pp., R. E. Krieger, 1977
Contemporary crystallography, 364pp., McGraw Hill, 1970
Elementary crystallography;: An introduction to the fundamental geometrical features of crystals, 528pp., Wiley, 1963
X-ray crystallography;: An introduction to the investigation of crystals by their diffraction of monochromatic X radiation, 531pp., Chapman & Hall, 1958
Buerger, M J (1944). The photography of the reciprocal lattice .
Cambridge, Massachusetts : ASXRED.
OCLC
180582947 .
References
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