Haplogroup_R-L295_(Y-DNA) References

Haplogroup R-L295
Possible time of origin	8,800 [95% CI 8,100 <-> 9,600] ybp^[1]
Coalescence age	7,900 [95% CI 7,000 <-> 8,800] ybp^[1]
Possible place of origin	n/a
Ancestor	R2a
Descendants	R-L295*, R-L294
Defining mutations	L295^[2]^[3]
Highest frequencies	n/a

Haplogroup R-L295 also known as R2a1 is a Y-chromosome haplogroup characterized by genetic marker L295,^[2]^[3] which has been found in South Asia, Anatolia, Arabian Peninsula, Europe and Central Asia.

Subclades

Haplogroup R‑L295

	Paragroup R-L295*

	Haplogroup R-L294

Paragroup R-L295*

Paragroup is a term used in population genetics to describe lineages within a haplogroup that are not defined by any additional unique markers. They are typically represented by an asterisk (*) placed after the main haplogroup.

Y-chromosomes which are positive to the L295 SNP and negative to the L294 SNP, are categorized as belonging to Paragroup R-L295*. It is found in South Asia, Anatolia, Arabian Peninsula, Europe, & Central Asia so far.^[4]

Haplogroup R-L294

Haplogroup R-L294 is represented by the L294 SNP and found in Armenia and Turkey so far.^[4]

Notes

^ ^a ^b YFull Haplogroup YTree v5.05 at 30 July 2017
^ ^a ^b ISOGG (2011), " Y-DNA Haplogroup R and its Subclades - 2011."
^ ^a ^b FTDNA's Draft phylogeny tree, " FTDNA's Draft phylogeny tree."
^ ^a ^b R2-M124-WTY (Walk Through the Y) Project, " R2-M124-WTY (Walk Through the Y) Project."

^ Van Oven M, Van Geystelen A, Kayser M, Decorte R, Larmuseau HD (2014). "Seeing the wood for the trees: a minimal reference phylogeny for the human Y chromosome". Human Mutation. 35 (2): 187–91. doi: 10.1002/humu.22468. PMID 24166809. S2CID 23291764.
^ International Society of Genetic Genealogy (ISOGG; 2015), Y-DNA Haplogroup Tree 2015. (Access date: 1 February 2015.)
^ Haplogroup A0-T is also known as A-L1085 (and previously as A0'1'2'3'4).
^ Haplogroup A1 is also known as A1'2'3'4.
^ Haplogroup LT (L298/P326) is also known as Haplogroup K1.
^ Between 2002 and 2008, Haplogroup T-M184 was known as "Haplogroup K2". That name has since been re-assigned to K-M526, the sibling of Haplogroup LT.
^ Haplogroup K2a (M2308) and its primary subclade K-M2313 were separated from Haplogroup NO (F549) in 2016. (This followed the publication of: Poznik GD, Xue Y, Mendez FL, et al. (2016). "Punctuated bursts in human male demography inferred from 1,244 worldwide Y-chromosome sequences". Nature Genetics. 48 (6): 593–9. doi: 10.1038/ng.3559. PMC 4884158. PMID 27111036. In the past, other haplogroups, including NO (M214) and K2e had also been identified with the name "K2a".
^ Haplogroup K2b (M1221/P331/PF5911) is also known as Haplogroup MPS.
^ Haplogroup K2e (K-M147) was previously known as "Haplogroup X" and "K2a" (but is a sibling subclade of the present K2a).
^ K-M2313*, which as yet has no phylogenetic name, has been documented in two living individuals, who have ethnic ties to India and South East Asia. In addition, K-Y28299, which appears to be a primary branch of K-M2313, has been found in three living individuals from India. See: Poznik op. cit.; YFull YTree v5.08, 2017, "K-M2335", and; PhyloTree, 2017, "Details of the Y-SNP markers included in the minimal Y tree" (Access date of these pages: 9 December 2017)
^ Haplogroup K2b1 (P397/P399) is also known as Haplogroup MS, but has a broader and more complex internal structure.
^ Haplogroup P (P295) is also klnown as K2b2.
^ Haplogroup S, as of 2017, is also known as K2b1a. (Previously the name Haplogroup S was assigned to K2b1a4.)
^ Haplogroup M, as of 2017, is also known as K2b1b. (Previously the name Haplogroup M was assigned to K2b1d.)

Subclades

Paragroup R-L295*

Haplogroup R-L294

Notes

See also

Y-DNA R-M207 subclades

Y-DNA backbone tree

External links