Haplogroup HIJK, defined by the
SNPs F929, M578, PF3494 and S6397,[2] is a common
Y-chromosome haplogroup. Like its parent macrohaplogroup
GHIJK, Haplogroup HIJK and its
subclades comprise the vast majority of the world's male population.
HIJK branches subsequently into two direct descendants:
IJK (L15/M523/PF3492/S137) and
H (L901/M2939). IJK in turn splits into
IJ (F-L15) and
K (M9). The descendants of Haplogroup IJ are haplogroups
I and
J, while
Haplogroup K is, ultimately, the ancestor of major haplogroups
M,
N,
O,
P,
Q,
R,
S,
L, and
T.
Distribution
HIJK has not been reported in modern populations or in ancient human remains. Previously basal paragroup HIJK* was reported in a
Mesolithic European (
Magdalenian), GoyetQ-2, and
Upper Paleolithic European (
Gravettian), Vestonice16.[3] Later study in 2023 with high quality sequencing of
Magdalenian, GoyetQ-2,
Gravettian, Vestonice16 were assigned with
Haplogroup I.[4]
Populations with high proportions of males who belong to descendant major haplogroups of Haplogroup HIJK live across widely dispersed areas and populations.
Males belonging to other subclades of IJK are concentrated in, for example:
^Van Oven M, Van Geystelen A, Kayser M, Decorte R, Larmuseau HD (2014). "Seeing the wood for the trees: a minimal reference phylogeny for the human Y chromosome". Human Mutation. 35 (2): 187–91.
doi:
10.1002/humu.22468.
PMID24166809.
S2CID23291764.
^ Haplogroup K2b (M1221/P331/PF5911) is also known as Haplogroup MPS.
^ Haplogroup K2e (K-M147) was previously known as "Haplogroup X" and "K2a" (but is a sibling subclade of the present K2a).
^K-M2313*, which as yet has no phylogenetic name, has been documented in two living individuals, who have ethnic ties to India and South East Asia. In addition, K-Y28299, which appears to be a primary branch of K-M2313, has been found in three living individuals from India. See: Poznik op. cit.;
YFull YTree v5.08, 2017, "K-M2335", and;
PhyloTree, 2017, "Details of the Y-SNP markers included in the minimal Y tree" (Access date of these pages: 9 December 2017)
^ Haplogroup K2b1 (P397/P399) is also known as Haplogroup MS, but has a broader and more complex internal structure.