Barādarī, or Birādrī or Biraderi (
Urdu: برادری), means Brotherhood and originates from the
Persian word برادرBaradar, meaning "Brother". In
Pakistan and
India, it is used to denote a number of social strata among
South AsianMuslims. According to British author
Anatol Lieven, "the most important force in
Pakistani society" are Baradari, usually far stronger than any competing religious, ethnic, or ideological cause. Parties and political alliances in Pakistan are based on Baradari, not ideology.[1] Baradari have also influenced politics in some parts of the United Kingdom where a significant number of people are of
Pakistani descent, most notably in
Bradford.[2]
Gilmartin, David (1994). "Biraderi and Bureaucracy: The Politics of Muslim Kinship Solidarity in 20th Century Punjab," International Journal of Punjab Studies 1, no. 1.
Peace, T., & Akhtar, P. (2015). Biraderi, bloc votes and bradford: Investigating the respect party's campaign strategy. The British Journal of Politics and International Relations, 17(2), 224-243.