From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
UK-related events during the year of 1881
Events from the year 1881 in the United Kingdom .
Incumbents
Events
1 January –
postal orders issued for the first time in Britain.
[1]
14 January –
Fenian dynamite campaign in Britain begins: A bomb explodes at a military barracks in
Salford, Lancashire ;
[2] a young boy is killed.
[3]
17–18 January –
blizzard over southern parts of Britain.
[4]
18 January –
First Boer War : British forces defeated at the
Battle of Laing's Nek .
[5]
8 February – First Boer War: British forces defeated at the
Battle of Schuinshoogte .
27 February – First Boer War: British forces defeated at the
Battle of Majuba Hill .
[5]
1 March – the
Cunard Line 's
SS Servia , the first
steel
transatlantic liner , is launched at
Clydebank .
[5]
12 March –
Andrew Watson of
Glasgow 's
Queen's Park F.C. (from a mixed Scottish/
British Guianese background) captains the
Scotland national football team in a 6–1 victory against
England , becoming the world's first mixed race international Association football player.
27 March – in
Basingstoke , antagonism between the
Salvation Army and supporters of the
licensed trade becomes so great that the
Riot Act is read and troops are called in to restore order.
[6]
31 March – Edward Rudolf founds the '
Church of England Central Society for Providing Homes for Waifs and Strays' (later
The Children's Society ).
[7]
3 April –
census in the United Kingdom . Two-thirds of the population are urbanised; one-seventh live in London.
5 April – the
Treaty of Pretoria gives the Boers self-government in the Transvaal under a theoretical British oversight.
[5]
9 April –
Old Carthusians F.C. beat
Old Etonians 3–0 in the
FA Cup Final at
The Oval , the last time it will be played between two
amateur sides.
[8]
18 April – the
Natural History Museum is opened in
London .
[9]
19 April –
Robert Cecil, Marquess of Salisbury , becomes the
Conservative leader in the
House of Lords following the death of
Benjamin Disraeli .
[5]
23 April – first performance of the
Gilbert and Sullivan opera
Patience , a satire on
aestheticism , at the
Opera Comique in
London .
[5]
27 April – British troops leave
Afghanistan .
[1]
1 May –
Childers Reforms of the
British Army begin to reorganise the
infantry into multi-
battalion
regiments , coming into effect on 1 July with the issue of General Order 70.
[10]
7 June – the Democratic Federation, predecessor of the
Social Democratic Federation , established as Britain's first organised
socialist
political party by
Henry Hyndman , holds its first meeting.
14–20 July –
International Anarchist Congress held in London.
26 July – first publication of the London
Evening News .
[5]
16 August – a tribunal is set up under the
Land Law (Ireland) Act 1881 to examine excessive rents.
[5]
27 August – the
Sunday Closing (Wales) Act prohibits the sale of
alcohol in
Wales on a Sunday. This is the first
act of Parliament of the
United Kingdom ,
Great Britain or
England since the 1542 Act of Union between England and Wales whose application is restricted to Wales.
[11]
26 September –
Godalming becomes the first town to have its streets illuminated by
electric light (
hydroelectrically generated).
[12]
10 October –
Richard D'Oyly Carte 's
Savoy Theatre opens in
London , the world's first public building to be fully lit by electricity, using
Joseph Swan 's
incandescent light bulbs .
[5]
[13]
[14] The run of
Patience transfers from the Opera Comique. The stage is first lit electrically on 28 December.
[15]
13 October –
Charles Stewart Parnell imprisoned for to his part in land agitation in
Ireland .
[5]
14 October – great gale across the country; in the
Eyemouth disaster ("Black Friday"), a
severe storm strikes the
Berwickshire coast of
Scotland and 189 fishermen die.
[16]
16 October –
The People Sunday newspaper founded.
[17]
22 October –
Tit-Bits weekly digest magazine founded by
George Newnes .
[18]
Publications
In fiction
Births
9 January –
Lascelles Abercrombie , poet and critic (died 1938)
28 January –
Ruby M. Ayres , romance novelist (died 1955)
13 February –
Eleanor Farjeon , author of children's literature (died 1965)
[23]
21 February –
Kenneth J. Alford , soldier and composer (died 1945)
9 March –
Ernest Bevin , labour leader, politician and statesman (died 1951)
10 March –
Thomas Quinlan , operatic impresario (died 1951)
25 March –
Mary Webb , novelist (died 1927)
25 June –
Robert Vansittart , diplomat (died 1957)
1 August –
Rose Macaulay , novelist (died 1958)
2 August –
Ethel M. Dell , romantic fiction writer (died 1939)
6 August –
Alexander Fleming , bacteriological researcher, recipient of the
Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine (died 1955)
19 August –
Kingsley Wood , politician (died 1943)
20 August –
Edgar Guest , poet (died 1959)
5 September –
Victor Grayson , socialist politician (disappeared 1920)
12 September –
Daniel Jones ,
phonetician (died 1967)
16 September –
Clive Bell , art critic (died 1964)
17 September –
Alfred Carpenter , naval officer, recipient of the
Victoria Cross (died 1955)
11 October –
Lewis Fry Richardson , mathematical physicist (died 1953)
15 October
Deaths
References
^
a
b Palmer, Alan; Palmer, Veronica (1992). The Chronology of British History . London: Century Ltd. pp. 305–306.
ISBN
0-7126-5616-2 .
^ Porter, Bernard (1991). The Origins of the Vigilant State: the London Metropolitan Police Special Branch before the First World War (Repr. ed.). Woodbridge: Boydell & Brewer. pp. 27–8.
ISBN
085115283X .
^ Litton, Helen (2014). Thomas Clarke . 16Lives, 12. Dublin: O'Brien Press. p. 30.
ISBN
9781847172617 .
^ Symons's Monthly Meteorological Magazine . 1881.{{
cite journal }}
: CS1 maint: untitled periodical (
link )
^
a
b
c
d
e
f
g
h
i
j Williams, Hywel (2005).
Cassell's Chronology of World History . London: Weidenfeld & Nicolson. pp.
434–435 .
ISBN
0-304-35730-8 .
^ Baigent, Francis J.; Millard, James (1889).
A History of the Ancient Town and Manor of Basingstoke . C.J. Jacob. pp.
551 –553.
^
"A Brief History of the Waifs and Strays' Society" . Hidden Lives Revealed .
Archived from the original on 19 July 2011. Retrieved 25 August 2011 .
^ Slee, Christopher (1994). The Guinness Book of Lasts . Enfield: Guinness Publishing.
ISBN
0-85112-783-5 .
^ Penguin Pocket On This Day . Penguin Reference Library. 2006.
ISBN
0-14-102715-0 .
^ Raugh, Harold E. (2004). The Victorians at War, 1815-1914: An Encyclopedia of British Military History . ABC-CLIO.
ISBN
1-57607-926-0 .
^ Prior, Neil (4 August 2011).
"130 years since Sunday drinking was banned in Wales" .
BBC News Wales. Retrieved 4 August 2011 .
^
"Godalming Power Station" . Engineering Timelines . Archived from
the original on 16 July 2011. Retrieved 6 July 2010 .
^ "The Savoy Theatre".
The Times . 3 October 1881. p. 7.
^ Burgess, Michael (January 1975). "Richard D'Oyly Carte". The Savoyard : 7–11.
^
"Savoy Theatre" . The Times . 29 December 1881. p. 4. Retrieved 30 January 2012 .
^ Aitchison, Peter (2001). Children of the Sea: the story of the Eyemouth disaster . East Linton: Tuckwell Press.
ISBN
1-86232-240-6 .
^
"Concise History of the British Newspaper in the Nineteenth Century" . Archived from
the original on 24 February 2008. Retrieved 16 March 2008 .
^
"Tit-Bits" . Magforum . Archived from
the original on 22 July 2011. Retrieved 12 January 2011 .
^ Cox, Michael, ed. (2004).
The Concise Oxford Chronology of English Literature . Oxford University Press.
ISBN
0-19-860634-6 .
^
Leavis, Q. D. (1965). Fiction and the Reading Public (2nd ed.). London: Chatto & Windus.
^
"1881 – Treasure Island" .
National Library of Scotland . Retrieved 18 February 2014 .
^ Marlowe, Michael D.
"English Revised Version (1881–1895)" . Archived from
the original on 16 June 2010. Retrieved 15 June 2010 .
^ Campbell, Margaret (1978). "Farjeon, Eleanor". In Kirkpatrick, D.L. (ed.). Twentieth-century Children's Writers . London: Macmillan. p. 426.
ISBN
978-0-33323-414-3 .