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United Kingdom-related events during the year of 1823
Events from the year 1823 in the United Kingdom .
Incumbents
Events
January – the
King's Library ,
George III 's personal library of 65,000 volumes, 19,000 pamphlets, maps, charts and topographical drawings, is offered to the
British Museum .
23 January – in Paviland Cave on the
Gower Peninsula ,
William Buckland inspects the "
Red Lady of Paviland ", the first identification of a prehistoric (male) human burial.
[1]
20 February – explorer
James Weddell 's expedition to
Antarctica reaches
latitude 74°15' S and
longitude 34°16'45" W, further south than any ship has reached previously, a record that will hold for more than 80 years.
March –
Royal Academy of Music opens in London.
[2]
17 June –
Charles Macintosh patents the waterproof material later used to make
Mackintosh coats.
[3]
July –
Robert Peel ensures the passage of five Acts of Parliament, effectively abolishing the
death penalty for over one hundred offences;
[2] in particular, the
Judgement of Death Act allows judges to commute sentences for capital offences other than murder or treason to imprisonment or
transportation .
[4]
4 July –
Transportation Act allows convicts
transported to the colonies to be employed on public works.
[2]
10 July –
Gaols Act passed by
Parliament , begins the process of prison reform based on the campaign of
Elizabeth Fry .
[2]
23 September –
First Burmese War :
Burmese attack the British on Shapura, an island close to
Chittagong .
3 November – an explosion at the Rainton Colliery Company's Plain Pit mine at
Chilton Moor in County Durham kills at least 57 coal miners, six years after an accident at the same pit killed 27.
[5]
25 November – opening of
The Royal Suspension Chain Pier at
Brighton , designed by
Captain Samuel Brown , RN, the first pleasure
pier on the mainland of England.
[6]
November – according to tradition,
William Webb Ellis invents
rugby .
[2]
10 December –
Mary Anning finds the first complete
Plesiosaurus skeleton, on the
Jurassic Coast .
[7]
Undated
Beginning of the first
Anglo-Ashanti war .
Excise Act reduces duties on the distillation of
whisky , encouraging its commercial production.
Oxford Union established by students as the Oxford United Debating Society.
Publications
Births
3 January –
Robert Whitehead , marine engineer (died 1905)
8 January –
Alfred Russel Wallace , naturalist and biologist (died 1913)
23 February –
John Braxton Hicks , obstetrician (died 1897)
19 April –
Anna Laetitia Waring , poet (died 1910)
2 May –
Emma Hardinge Britten , née Floyd, spiritualist (died 1899)
17 May –
Henry Eckford , horticulturist (died 1905)
23 July –
Coventry Patmore , poet (died 1896)
2 August –
Edward Augustus Freeman , historian and politician (died 1892)
10 August –
Charles Keene , illustrator (died 1891)
11 August –
Charlotte Mary Yonge , novelist (died 1901)
13 August –
Goldwin Smith , historian (died 1910)
3 September –
Hardinge Giffard, 1st Earl of Halsbury , lawyer, Lord Chancellor (died 1921)
26 October –
Sir Frederick Peel , politician (died 1906)
24 December –
William Brighty Rands , writer, author of nursery rhymes (died 1882)
28 December –
Augusta Theodosia Drane , religious writer and Catholic prioress (died 1894)
Deaths
22 January –
John Julius Angerstein , merchant, insurer and art collector (born 1735 in Russia)
26 January –
Edward Jenner , physician and pioneer of vaccination (born 1749)
27 January –
Charles Hutton , mathematician (born 1737)
7 February –
Mrs Radcliffe , writer (born 1764)
26 February –
John Philip Kemble , actor (born 1757)
14 March –
John Jervis, 1st Earl of St Vincent , Royal Navy admiral (born 1735)
23 April –
Joseph Nollekens , sculptor (born 1737)
19 June –
William Combe , writer, poet and adventurer (born 1742)
8 July – Sir
Henry Raeburn , Scottish portrait painter (born 1756)
[8]
11 September –
David Ricardo , economist (born 1772)
23 September –
Matthew Baillie , Scottish-born physician and pathologist (born 1761)
30 October –
Edmund Cartwright , clergyman and inventor of the power loom (born 1743)
References
^ Aldhouse-Green, Stephen (October 2001).
"Great Sites: Paviland Cave" . British Archaeology (61). Retrieved 16 July 2010 .
^
a
b
c
d
e Palmer, Alan; Palmer, Veronica (1992). The Chronology of British History . London: Century Ltd. pp. 252–253.
ISBN
0-7126-5616-2 .
^ Penguin Pocket On This Day . Penguin Reference Library. 2006.
ISBN
0-14-102715-0 .
^
"Timeline of capital punishment in Britain" . Retrieved 2 February 2011 .
^ Anderson, Maureen (2008). Durham Mining Disasters: c1700-1950s . Barnsley: Wharncliffe.
^ Drewry, Charles Stewart (1832).
A Memoir of Suspension Bridges: comprising the History of Their Origin And Progress . London: Longman, Rees, Orme, Brown, Green & Longman. pp. 69–74 &
Plates . Retrieved 27 August 2010 .
^ Torrens, Hugh (1995).
"Mary Anning (1799–1847) of Lyme; 'The Greatest Fossilist the World Ever Knew' " . The British Journal for the History of Science . 25 (3): 257–284.
doi :
10.1017/s0007087400033161 .
^
"Sir Henry Raeburn (1756-1823)" . National Records of Scotland . 31 May 2013. Retrieved 24 June 2022 .