Panellus stipticus is a species of
fungus in the family
Mycenaceae, and the
type species of the genus Panellus. A common and widely distributed species, it is found in Asia, Australasia, Europe, and North America, growing in groups or dense overlapping clusters on the logs, stumps, and trunks of
deciduous trees. During the development of the
fruit bodies, the mushrooms start out as tiny white knobs, which develop into fan- or kidney-shaped
caps up to 3 cm (1.2 in) broad. The caps are orange-yellow to brownish, and attached to the decaying wood by short stubby
stalks. The fungus was first described by French mycologist
Jean Bulliard in 1783 and was given its current
scientific name in 1879. It is one of several dozen
bioluminescent species of fungi. Strains from eastern North America are typically bioluminescent, but those from elsewhere are not. The luminescence is localized to the edges of the
gills and the junction of the gills with the stem and cap. The luminescent glow of this and other fungi inspired the term
foxfire, coined by early settlers in eastern and southern North America. Modern research has probed the fungus's ability to detoxify various
environmental pollutants. (
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1974 – A group of peasant women in
Chamoli district,
Uttarakhand, India, used their bodies to surround trees in order to prevent loggers from felling them, giving rise to the Chipko movement.
John Herschel was an English mathematician, astronomer, chemist, inventor, and experimental photographer. He named seven
moons of Saturn and four
moons of Uranus, invented the
cyanotype and
actinometer, and wrote extensively on topics including meteorology, physical geography and the telescope.
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