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Some culinary fruits
This list of culinary fruits contains the names of some
fruits that are considered
edible in some
cuisines . The word "fruit" is used in several different ways.
[1] The definition of fruit for these lists is a culinary fruit, i.e. "Any sweet, edible part of a
plant that resembles fruit, even if it does not develop from a floral ovary; also used in a technically imprecise sense for some sweet or sweetish
vegetables , some of which may resemble a true fruit or are used in cookery as if they were a
fruit , for example
rhubarb ."
[2]
[3]
Note that many edible plant parts that are
true fruits botanically speaking, are not considered culinary fruits. They are classified as
vegetables in the
culinary sense (for example: the
tomato ,
zucchini , and so on), and hence they do not appear in this list. Similarly, some botanical fruits are classified as nuts (e.g.
Brazil nut and various
almonds ), or staples (e.g.
breadfruit ), and likewise do not appear here. There also exist many fruits which are edible and palatable but for various reasons have not become popular.
Alphabetical list by common name
Papayas
An array of
tropical fruits at
University of Hyderabad ,
India
Acerola
Mangos
Passion fruits
A
Abiu (Pouteria caimito ;
Sapotaceae )
Açaí (Euterpe oleracea ;
Arecaceae ), or Assai
Acerola (Malpighia glabra ;
Malpighiaceae ), also called Barbados cherry or West Indian cherry
Ackee (Blighia sapida or Cupania sapida ;
Sapindaceae )
African cherry orange (Citropsis articulata ;
Rutaceae )
African mango (Irvingia gabonensis )
African moringa (Moringa stenopetala ;
Moringaceae )
Amazon Tree-grape (Pourouma cecropiifolia ;
Urticaceae )
Ambarella (Spondias dulcis ;
Anacardiaceae )
American black elderberry (Sambucus canadensis ;
Adoxaceae )
American chestnut (Castanea dentata ;
Fagaceae )
American
grape : North American species (e.g.,
Vitis labrusca ;
Vitaceae ) and American-European hybrids are grown where grape (Vitis vinifera ) is not hardy and are used as
rootstocks
American hazelnut (Corylus americana ;
Betulaceae )
American pawpaw (
Asimina triloba ;
Annonaceae )
American persimmon (Diospyros virginiana ;
Ebenaceae )
American plum (Prunus americana ;
Rosaceae )
American red elderberry (Sambucus pubens ;
Adoxaceae )
American red raspberry (Rubus strigosus ;
Rosaceae )
Apple and crabapple (
Malus )
Apple, Malay, see
Malay apple
Apple, custard, see
custard apple
Apple, elephant, see
elephant apple
Apple, kei, see
key apple
Apple, mammee, see
mammee apple
Apricot (
Prunus armeniaca or
Armeniaca vulgaris )
Araza (
Eugenia stipitata )
Arhat (Siraitia grosvenorii ;
Cucurbitaceae ) Also called
longevity fruit
Atemoya (Annona cherimola × Annona squamosa ;
Annonaceae )
Atherton Raspberry (Rubus probus ;
Rosaceae )
Avocado
B
Babaco (Carica pentagona ;
Caricaceae )
Bacupari (Garcinia gardneriana )
Bacuri (Platonia esculenta ;
Guttiferae )
Bael , or woodapple (Aegle marmelos ;
Rutaceae ), found in eastern India.
Banana (Musacea spp.;
Musaceae ); its starchy variant is the
plantain
Barbadine (granadilla; maracujá-açu in Portuguese)
Barbados cherry, see
acerola
Berberis vulgaris
Batuan (Garcinia morella )
Beach plum (Prunus maritima ;
Rosaceae )
Bearberry (
Arctostaphylos spp.)
Betel nut (“Areca catechu”;
Arecaceae )
Bignay (Antidesma bunius ;
Euphorbiaceae )
Bilberry or whortleberry (
Vaccinium spp.)
Bilimbi (Averrhoa bilimbi ;
Oxalidaceae ) Also called
cucumber tree or
tree sorrel
Biriba (
Rollinia deliciosa ;
Annonaceae )
Bitter melon , the flesh of which is bitter, and used as a culinary vegetable, but with a sweet coating around the mature seeds
Black apple (Planchonella australis ;
Sapotaceae )
Black cherry (Prunus serotina ;
Rosaceae ) very popular flavoring for pies, jams, and sweets.
Blackcurrant ("Ribes nigrum")
Black raspberry (Rubus occidentalis or Rubus leucodermis ;
Rosaceae )
Black mulberry (Morus nigra ;
Moraceae )
Black sapote (
Diospyros digyna )
Black walnut (Juglans nigra ;
Juglandaceae )
Blackberry , of which there are many species and hybrids, such as
dewberry ,
boysenberry ,
olallieberry , and
tayberry (genus
Rubus )
Blood orange
Blue tongue (Melastoma affine ;
Melastomataceae )
Blueberry (Vaccinium, sect. Cyanococcus ;
Ericaceae )
Bolivian coconut (
Parajubaea torallyi )
Bolwarra (Eupomatia laurina ;
Eupomatiaceae )
Boquila (
Boquila trifoliata ;
Lardizabalaceae )
Bottle gourd also known as
calabash (
Lagenaria siceraria ;
Cucurbitaceae )
Rubus ursinus × idaeus ; (
Rosaceae )
Brazilian guava (Psidium guineense ;
Myrtaceae )
breadfruit ("Artocarpus altilis";
Artocarpus )
Breadnut (Artocarpus camansi ;
Moraceae )
Breadnut, Mayan, see
Mayan breadnut
Broad-leaf bramble (Rubus moluccanus ;
Rosaceae
Brush cherry (Syzygium australe ;
Myrtaceae )
Buddha's hand
Buffaloberry ("Shepherdia argentea";
Elaeagnaceae ), which grows wild in the prairies of
Canada
Burdekin plum (Pleiogynium timoriense ;
Anacardiaceae )
Burmese grape , or latka (Baccaurea sapida ;
Phyllanthaceae )
Bush tomato (Certain Solanum species;
Solanaceae )
Button mangosteen (Garcinia prainiana )
C
Caimito (Chrysophyllum_cainito ;
Sapotaceae )
Calabash tree (Crescentia cujete )
Calamondin (Citrofortunella Microcarpa )
Calamansi (×Citrofortunella Mitis )
Camu camu (Myrciaria dubia ;
Myrtaceae )
Candlenut fruit (Aleurites moluccana )
Canary melon
Canistel (Pouteria campechiana ;
Sapotaceae ), also called
yellow sapote or "
eggfruit "
Cantaloupe
Cape gooseberry (Physalis peruviana ;
Solanaceae )
Capuli cherry (Prunus salicifolia , Prunus capuli or Prunus serotina subsp. capuli );
Rosaceae ), native to the Andes
[4]
Carambola (Averrhoa carambola ;
Oxalidaceae ), also called
star fruit or five fingers
Cardón (Pachycereus pringlei ;
Cactaceae )
Carob (
Ceratonia siliqua ;
Fabaceae )
Cashew apple (Anacardium occidentale )
Cassabanana (Sicana odorifera ;
Cucurbitaceae )
Cattley guava (Psidium cattleianum ;
Myrtaceae )
Cawesh (Annona scleroderma ;
Annonaceae )
Cedar Bay cherry (Eugenia carissoides ;
Myrtaceae )
Ceriman (Monstera deliciosa ;
Araceae )
Cereus peruvianus
Ceylon gooseberry (
Dovyalis hebecarpa ;
Flacourtiaceae )
Charichuelo (Garcinia intermedia )
Chalta (
Dillenia indica )
Champedak (Artocarpus integer )
Chayote (Sechium edule ;
Cucurbitaceae )
Che (
Cudrania tricuspidata ;
Moraceae ) Also called cudrania, Chinese mulberry,
cudrang ,
Mandarin melon berry ,
silkworm thorn ,
zhe
Chenet (
guinep or ackee; pitomba-das-Guinas in Portuguese), also known as Spanish lime or mamoncillo
Cherimoya (Annona cherimola ;
Annonaceae ), native to the
Ecuadorian
Andes
[5]
Cherry , sweet, black, sour, and wild species (
Prunus avium ,
Prunus serotina ,
Prunus cerasus , and
others )
Cherry ballart (Exocarpus cupressiformis ;
Santalaceae )
Cherry of the Rio Grande (Eugenia involucrata ;
Myrtaceae )
Chilean guava (Ugni molinae ; (
Myrtaceae )
(sub-family Nepheleae ;
Sapindaceae )
Chinese jujube (Ziziphus zizyphus ;
Rhamnaceae )
Chinese olive (Canarium album ;
Burseraceae )
Chinese quince (Pseudocydonia sinensis )
Chokeberry (
Aronia )
Chokecherry (
Prunus virginiana )
Chupa-chupa (
Quararibea cordata ;
Malvaceae )
Citron (Citrus medica )
Clementine (Citrus reticulata var. clementine )
Cloudberry (
Rubus chamaemorus )
Cluster fig (Ficus racemosa ;
Moraceae )
Cocky apple (Planchonia careya )
Coco plum (Chrysobalanus icaco ;
Chrysobalanaceae )
Cocona (Solanum sessilifolium ;
Solanaceae )
Coconut (Cocos nucifera ;
Arecaceae )
Cocoplum (Chrysobalanus icaco ;
Chrysobalanaceae )
Coffee ("coffee cherries" surround the better-known "bean")
Cola nut (Cola acuminata ;
Sterculiaceae )
Common apple-berry (Billardiera scandens ;
Pittosporaceae )
Conkerberry (Carissa lanceolata ;
Apocynaceae )
Cornelian cherry (
Cornus mas ;
Cornaceae )
Costa Rican guava (Psidium friedrichsthalianum ;
Myrtaceae )
Cranberry (Vaccinium spp.)
Crowberry (
Empetrum spp.)
Cupuaçu (Theobroma grandiflorum ;
Malvaceae )
Currant (
Ribes spp.;
Grossulariaceae ),
red ,
black , and
white types
Curry-leaf tree (Murraya koenigii ;
Rutaceae )
Custard apple (Annona reticulata ;
Annonaceae ), also called bullock's heart
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G
Gac
Galia melon
Gambooge (Garcinia cambogia ;
Clusiaceae )
Genip (Melicoccus bijugatus ;
Sapindaceae )
Giant Colombian blackberry (Rubus macrocarpus ), native to the highlands of
Colombia , up to 5 cm long and 2.5 cm wide
[6]
Giant granadilla (Passiflora quadrangularis ;
Passifloraceae )
Gooseberry (Ribes spp.;
Grossulariaceae )
Goji berries (
Lycium barbarum )
Gooseberry, Ceylon, see
Ceylon gooseberry
Gooseberry, Indian, see
Indian gooseberry
Gooseberry, Otaheite, see
Otaheite gooseberry
Gooseberry, cape, see
Cape gooseberry
Goumi (
Elaeagnus multiflora ;
Elaeocarpaceae )
Governor’s plum (Flacourtia indica ;
Flacourtiaceae )
Granadilla, Montessa, see
Montessa granadilla
Granadilla, yellow, see
yellow granadilla
Grape , called
raisin ,
sultana when it is dried. (
Vitis spp.;
Vitaceae )
Grapefruit (Citrus × paradisi ;
Rutaceae )
Greengage , a cultivar of the
plum
Ground plum (
Astragalus crassicarpus ;
Fabaceae ), also called ground-plum milk-vetch
Grumichama (Eugenia brasiliensis ;
Myrtaceae )
Guanabana (Annona muricata ;
Annonaceae )
Guarana (Paullinia cupana ;
Sapindaceae )
Guava (
Psidium guajava ;
Myrtaceae )
Guava, Cattley, see
Cattley guava
Guava, Chilean, see
Chilean guava
Guava, Costa Rican, see
Costa Rican guava
Guava, pineapple, see
pineapple guava
Guava, purple, see
purple guava
Guava, strawberry, see
strawberry guava
Guavaberry /Rumberry; (Myrciaria floribunda ;
Myrtaceae )
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Ma-praang (Bouea macrophylla ;
Anacardiaceae )
Mabolo (Diospyros discolor ;
Ebenaceae ) also known as a
velvet persimmon
Macadamia (Macadamia integrifolia ;
Proteaceae )
Macadamia, rough shell, see
rough shell macadamia
Madrono (Rheedia acuminata ;
Guttiferae )
Malabar plum (Syzygium jambos ;
Myrtaceae )
Malay apple (Syzygium malaccense ;
Myrtaceae )
Mamey sapote (Pouteria sapota ;
Sapotaceae )
Mammee apple (Mammea americana ;
Guttiferae )
Mamoncillo (Melicoccus bijugatus ;
Sapindaceae ), also known as
quenepa ,
genip or Fijian longan
Mandarin (Citrus reticulata )
Mangaba (
Hancornia speciosa ;
Apocynaceae )
Mango (Mangifera indica ;
Anacardiaceae )
Mangosteen (Garcinia mangostana ;
Guttiferae )
Manila tamarind (Pithecellobium dulce ;
Leguminosae )
Manoao (Manoao colensoi )
Maqui (
Aristotelia chilensis ;
Elaeocarpaceae )
Marang
Marula (Sclerocarya birrea )
Breadnut, Mayan (
Brosimum alicastrum ;
Moraceae )
Mayapple (
Podophyllum spp.;
Berberidaceae )
Mayhaw, see
eastern may hawthorn
Maypop (Passiflora incarnata ;
Passifloraceae )
Medlar (Mespilus germanica )
Meiwa kumquat (Fortunella japonica ;
Rutaceae )
Melinjo
Melon pear
Midyim (Austromyrtus dulcis ;
Myrtaceae )
Miracle fruit (Synsepalum dulcificum ;
Sapotaceae )
Mock strawberry or Indian strawberry (Potentilla indica ;
Rosaceae )
Mombin, purple, see
purple mombin
Mombin, red, see
red mombin
Mombin, yellow, see
yellow mombin
Monkey jackfruit (Artocarpus rigidus ;
Moraceae )
Monkey tamarind (Inga edulis ;
Leguminosae )
Monstera (Monstera deliciosa ;
Araceae ) also called
Swiss Cheese Plant ,
Split-leaf Philodendron
Montessa granadilla (Passiflora platyloba ;
Passifloraceae )
Mora común (Rubus adenotrichus ), most common native berry from Mexico to Ecuador
[8]
Mora de Castilla (Rubus glaucus ), a blackberry native to
South and
Central America
[9]
Morinda
Morinda citrifolia
Mortiño , or Andean blueberry (Vaccinium floribundum ), undomesticated, abundant in the northern
Andes
[10]
Mountain pepper (Tasmannia spp.;
Winteraceae )
Mountain soursop (Annona montana ;
Annonaceae )
Mulberry (
Morus spp.;
Moraceae ) including
black ,
red and
white mulberry
Munydjudj, see
wild plum
Mundu (
Garcinia dulcis )
Muntries (Kunzea pomifera ;
Myrtaceae )
Muscadine (Vitis rotundifolia ;
Vitaceae )
Muskmelon
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Palmyra palm /toddy palm (Borassus flabellifer ;
Arecaceae )
Papaya (Carica papaya ;
Caricaceae )
Passion fruit or granadilla (
Passiflora edulis and other
Passiflora spp.;
Passifloraceae )
Pawpaw (Asimina triloba ;
Annonaceae , not to be confused with
papaya (Carica papaya ;
Caricaceae ), which is called pawpaw in some English dialects)
Peach (of the normal and white variety) and its variant the
nectarine (
Prunus persica )
Peach palm (Bactris gasipaes ;
Arecaceae )
Peanut (Arachis hypogaea ;
Fabaceae )
Peanut butter fruit (Bunchosia spp. ;
Malpighiaceae )
Pear , European and Asian species (
Pyrus )
Pecan (Carya illinoinensis or illinoensis ;
Juglandaceae )
Pentadin (Pentadiplandra brazzeana Baillon )
Pepino (Solanum muricatum )
Pequi (Caryocar brasiliensis ;
Caryocaraceae )
Persian lime Also known as tahiti lime.
Persimmon, American, see
American persimmon
Persimmon, oriental, see
Oriental persimmon
Peumo (
Cryptocarya alba ;
Lauraceae )
Phalsa (Grewia subinaequalis ;
Tiliaceae )
Pigeon pea
Pigeon plum (Coccoloba diversifolia ;
Polygonaceae )
Pigface (Carpobrotus glaucescens ;
Aizoaceae )
Pili nut (Canarium ovatum ;
Burseraceae )
Pindo palm (Butia Capitata ;
Arecaceae )
Pineapple (Ananas comosus ;
Bromeliaceae )
Pineapple guava (Feijoa sellowiana ;
Myrtaceae )
Pink-flowered native raspberry (Rubus parvifolius ;
Rosaceae )
Pistachio (Pistacia vera ;
Anacardiaceae )
Pitaya, see
dragon fruit
Pitomba (
Eugenia luschnathiana or
Talisia esculenta )
Plum , of which there are several domestic and wild species; dried plums are called
prunes
Pluot (Prunus), a Plum/Apricot hybrid, also known as Apriplums, Apriums or Plumcots
Pois doux (
Inga edulis ,
ice-cream bean , or
inga-cipó in Portuguese)
Pomegranate (
Punica granatum ;
Punicaceae )
Pomelo (also known as the shaddock) (Citrus maxima )
Pommecythère or pomcité (
Spondias cytherea ); also known as
golden apple ,
June plum or
Jew plum and
ambarella , and as
cajamanga in Portuguese
Pommerac (
Eugenia malaccensis ); also known as
Otaheite apple ; Malay apple; jambo in Portuguese
Pond-apple (
Annona glabra ;
Annonaceae ) Also called alligator-apple and monkey-apple
Prickly pear (Opuntia spp.;
Cactaceae ) used as both a fruit and vegetable depending on part of plant.
Pulasan (Nephelium mutabile ;
Sapindaceae )
Pummelo (Citrus grandis ;
Rutaceae )
Pumpkin (
Cucurbita spp.)
Pupunha (Bactris gasipaes ;
Arecaceae ); also known as peach plum or pewa
Purple apple-berry (Billardiera longiflora ;
Pittosporaceae )
Purple granadilla (Passiflora edulis f edulis ;
Passifloraceae )
Purple guava (
Psidium rufum ;
Myrtaceae )
Purple mombin (Spondias purpurea ;
Anacardiaceae )
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Safou (Dacryodes edulis ), also called atanga or butterfruit
Sageretia (Sageretia theezans ;
Rhamnaceae ) Also called Mock Buckthorn.
Saguaro (Carnegiea gigantea ;
Cactaceae )
Salak (Salacca edulis ;
Arecaceae ), also called
snakefruit or cobrafruit
Salal (Gaultheria shallon ;
Ericaceae )
Salmonberry (
Rubus spectabilis )
Sandpaper fig (Ficus coronata ;
Moraceae )
Santol (Sandoricum koetjape ;
Meliaceae )
Sapote, see
mamey
Sapodilla (Manilkara zapota ;
Sapotaceae ), also called
chiku ,
mespel ,
naseberry ,
sapadilla ,
snake fruit ,
sawo
Satinash, fibrous, see
fibrous satinash
Saskatoonberry (Amelanchier alnifolia ,
Rosaceae )
Saw palmetto (Serenoa repens ;
Arecaceae )
Sea-buckthorn (
Hippophae rhamnoides ;
Elaeagnaceae )
Sea grape (Coccoloba uvifera ;
Polygonaceae )
Serviceberry or Saskatoon (
Amelanchier )
Shipova (
× Sorbopyrus auricularis )
Sloe (Prunus spinosa ,
Rosaceae )
Small-leaf tamarind (Diploglottis campbellii ;
Sapindaceae )
Snow berry (Gaultheria hispida ;
Ericaceae )
Soncoya (Annona diversifolia ;
Annonaceae )
Service tree (
Sorbus domestica ), bears a fruit known as a sorb or sorb apple
Soursop (Annona muricata ;
Annonaceae ), also called
guanabana
Southern crabapple (Malus angustifolia ;
Rosaceae )
Spanish lime (Melicoccus bijugatus ;
Sapindaceae )
Spanish tamarind (Vangueria madagascariensis )
Spiny monkey-orange (Strychnos spinosa )
Star apple (Chrysophyllum cainito ;
Chrysobalanaceae ), also called
caimito or caimite
Starfruit, see
carambola
Strawberry (Fragaria )
Strawberry guava (Psidium littorale ;
Myrtaceae )
Strawberry myrtle, see
ugni
Strawberry pear
Sugar apple (Annona squamosa ;
Annonaceae ); ata in Portuguese
Surinam cherry (Eugenia uniflora ;
Myrtaceae ) also called
Brazilian cherry ,
Cayenne cherry ,
pitanga
Sweet apple-berry (Billardiera cymosa ;
Pittosporaceae )
Sweet granadilla (Passiflora ligularis ;
Passifloraceae )
Sweet lemon (Citrus limetta )
Sweet orange
Sweet pepper
Sweetsop (Annona squamosa ;
Annonaceae ) also called sugar apple
Sycamore fig (
Ficus sycomorus
Moraceae ) also called Old World sycamore] or just sycomore
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Culinary fruits by climate
Temperate fruits
Fruits of
temperate climates are almost always borne on
trees or
woody
shrubs or
lianas . They will not grow adequately in the
tropics , as they need a period of cold (a
chilling requirement ) each year before they will flower. The
apple ,
pear ,
cherry , and
plum are the most widely grown and eaten, owing to their adaptability. Many other fruits are important regionally but do not figure prominently in commerce. Many sorts of small fruit on this list are gathered from the wild, just as they were in
Neolithic times.
Apples
The pome fruits
Other temperate fruits
Berries
In non-technical usage,
berry means any small fruit that can be eaten whole and lacks objectionable seeds. The bramble fruits ,
compound fruits of
genus
Rubus (blackberries), are some of the most popular of these that are not
true berries :
Raspberries
True berries
The true berries are dominated by the
family
Ericaceae , many of which are hardy in the
subarctic :
Other berries
Mediterranean and subtropical fruits
Fruits in this category are not hardy to extreme cold, as the preceding temperate fruits are, yet tolerate some frost and may have a modest chilling requirement. Notable among these are natives of the
Mediterranean :
Mediterranean natives
Grapes
Citrus
In the important genus
Citrus (
Rutaceae ), some members are tropical, tolerating no frost. All common species of commerce are somewhat hardy:
Lemon
See also:
List of Citrus fruits
Other subtropical fruits
Tropical fruits
Tropical fruits grow on plants of all
habitats . The only characteristic that they share is an intolerance of frost.
A
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Caimito fruit cut in half. It is native to the lowlands of
Central America and the
West Indies
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Zucchini
Culinary fruits by geographical origin
Fruits of African origin
Fruits native to
Africa or of African origin:
Fruits of Asian origin
Fruits native to
Asia or of Asian origin:
Fruits of Latin American origin
Fruits native to
Latin America or of Latin American origin. Plants
are of South American origin, except as noted.
Fruits of North American origin
Canada and the United States are home to a surprising number of edible plants, especially berries; however, only three are commercially grown/known on a global scale (grapes, cranberries, and blueberries.) Many of the fruits below are still eaten locally as they have been for centuries and others are generating renewed interest by eco-friendly gardeners (less need for bug control) and chefs of the region alike.
Fruits of Oceanian origin
Fruits native to
Oceania or of Oceanian origin:
Culinary fruits by type of flora
Rosaceae family
The family
Rosaceae dominates the temperate fruits, both in numbers and in importance. The pome fruits, stone fruits and brambles are fruits of plants in Rosaceae.
The
pome fruits:
The stone fruits,
drupes of
genus
Prunus :
Berries
In non-technical usage,
berry means any small fruit that can be eaten whole and lacks objectionable seeds. The bramble fruits ,
compound fruits of
genus
Rubus (blackberries), are some of the most popular of these that are not true berries:
The true berries are dominated by the
family
Ericaceae , many of which are hardy in the
subarctic :
Other berries not in
Rosaceae or
Ericaceae :
Cacti and other succulents
Several
cacti yield edible fruits, which are important traditional foods for some
Native American peoples:
Gymnosperms with fruit-like structures
Only
Angiosperms have fruit, a structure that surrounds the seed.
Gymnosperms have naked seeds, but some of them have reproductive structures that resemble fruit.
[13]
Podocarps
Podocarps are conifers in the family
Podocarpaceae , The seed
cones are highly modified and, in some, the seed is surrounded by fleshy scale tissue, resembling a drupe. These berry-like cone scales are eaten by birds which then disperse the seeds in their droppings and the cones can be eaten in many species. Podocarps are either half-hardy or frost tender, depending on species. Many genera are similar in that they have edible "fruits" and often don't have a common name.
Other gymnosperms
Melons and other members of Cucurbitaceae family
Most gourds and many melons are regarded as culinary vegetables. The
following are generally regarded as fruits:
Accessory fruits
The
accessory fruits , seed organs which are not botanically berries at all:
See also
Notes and references
External links