The following table lists records of extreme temperature in territories of
South America. The elevation in metres above sea level of locations reporting record minimum temperatures is given where relevant.
^†ʘ Record observed in an area with a permanent resident population. Unless otherwise stated, this will be the case.
^†O Territory or location has no permanent resident population.
^†50 Record in the last 50 years; only given if the all-time record occurred more than 50 years ago.
Notes and References
^Datos extremos en el país y en el mundo, Servicio Meteorológico Nacional (in Spanish; Extreme Data in the Country and the World). Retrieved 24 February 2018. Archived 8 November 2017.
^A number of unpublished readings below -40°C have been reported, the most extreme being -44°C in
July2004 at the
Veladero mine San Juan province at an elevation of 3850 m.
^
abcSisMet, Servicio Nacional de Meteorología e Hidrología (SENAMHI) (in Spanish). Retrieved 24 February 2018.
^Lower temperatures, including -35.0°C on
3 September1992 were reported at the uninhabited
Laguna ColoradaPotosí department, elevation 4280 m) but this station is believed to be unreliable. Other sources give the absolute minimum temperature at this station as -17.4°C.
^47°C reported from the same place on
2 November1992 and
3 January1998 is not consistent with temperatures recorded at nearby stations on this day.
^
abRecordes de Frio em SC, Centro de Informações de Recursos Ambientais e de Hidrometeorologia de Santa Catarina (CIRAM) (in Portuguese; Cold records in SC [Santa Catarina]). Retrieved 4 October 2020.
^Also reported as occurring on 30 June 1952 but this is probably wrong.
^Boletines Anteriores, Junio 2002, Sección de Meteorología del Departamento de Geofísica de la Universidad de Chile (in Spanish; Previous Bulletins, June 2002). Retrieved 4 October 2020.
^Datos históricos, Red Agroclimática Nacional, Ministerio de Agricultura, Chile (in Spanish; Historical Data). Retrieved 4 October 2020.
^This reading may have been somewhat affected by wildfires. A reading of 43.0°C known to be unaffected by wildfires was reported at
QuinchamalíBío Bío region on the same day.
^Las Heladas en Colombia, Instituto de Hidrología, Meteorología y Estudios Ambientales (IDEAM) (in Spanish; Frost in Colombia). Retrieved 1 October 2020.
^Instituto de Hidrología, Meteorología y Estudios Ambientales (IDEAM).
^A number of readings as high as 43.0°C are believed to be unreliable.
^Condiciones del mes Anterior – Febrero 2020, Instituto de Hidrología, Meteorología y Estudios Ambientales (IDEAM) (in Spanish; Conditions in the previous month - February 2020). Retrieved 1 October 2020.
^Temperatura Máxima Diaria, Año 2000, Dirección Meteorológica de Chile - Servicios Climáticos (in Spanish; Daily Maximum Temperature, Year 2000). Retrieved 21 January 2020.
^Anuario Meteorológico 1997, Instituto Nacional de Meteorología e Hidrología (INAMHI) (in Spanish; Meteorological Annual 1997). Retrieved 20 September 2021.
^
ab-4.5°C has also been reported at
RiobambaChimborazo province (date unknown). -6.0°C reported at Latacunga (date unknown) is probably unreliable. -5.5°C has been reported at
ChalpatanCarchi province (elevation 3360 m) but it is likely to be uninhabited. -10.5°C reported at
OlmedoPichincha province (elevation 2500 m) is unreliable. -14.2°C has been reported at an elevation of 4800 m at
El Refugio on
Volcán Cotopaxi.
^Schwerdtfeger, W, ed. (1976), Climates of Central and South America. World Survey of Climatology Vol 12., Elsevier Publishing Company,
ISBN978-0444412713
^
abNumerous unconfirmed temperatures higher than 39°C have been reported in the coastal lowlands of Ecuador. 39.8°C was reported in the central coastal plain in
April1963 but the exact location is unknown.
^Very little data from this station has been found, but the low temperature is somewhat supported by a minimum temperature of -8.9°C recorded on the same date at
StanleyEast Falkland (absolute minimum -11.2°C on
19 June1883).
^Estancia Weather Data, South Atlantic Environmental Research Institute (SAERI). Retrieved 10 September 2023.
^Bellavista, Charles Darwin Foundation. Retrieved 19 September 2021.
^Near sea-level temperatures as low as 14.4°C have been reported at
Puerto Ayora on the same island. Although these readings appear low, they are consistent with readings observed on nearby San Cristóbal Island: 13.2°C has been reported close to sea level at
San Cristóbal Airport, and 11.0°C has been reported at an elevation of 250 m at
El Progreso.
^Puerto Ayora, Charles Darwin Foundation. Retrieved 19 September 2021.
^Temperaturas Máximas, Dirección de Meteorología e Hidrología (DMH) (in Spanish; Maximum Temperatures). Retrieved 14 December 2022.
^This temperature was reported at the time but no longer appears in the records of the DMH. It is consistent with nearby readings taken on the same day.
^Atlas de Heladas del Perú, Servicio Nacional de Meteorología e Hidrología del Perú (SENAMHI) (in Spanish; Frost Atlas of Peru). Retrieved 21 September 2021.
^This reading is possibly unreliable; it has also been reported as -25°C. The next lowest temperature believed to be reliable is -27.7°C recorded at
MazocruzPuno region (elevation 4005 m) on
27 June1973.
^
abLower temperatures reported at
ChuapalcaTacna region (elevation 4175 m) are probably unreliable.
^
abAlthough the reference states the temperature was recorded at
Grytviken, weather observations moved 1 km from Grytviken to King Edward Point in
August1907.