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See also: Luna-Glob

Luna 27
Maquette of Luna 27 Moon lander
NamesLuna-Resurs 1 lander
Luna-Resource-1 lander
Mission type Technology, reconnaissance
Operator Roscosmos
Spacecraft properties
Spacecraft Lander
Power watts
Start of mission
Launch date2028 (planned) [1]
Rocket Angara A5 [2]
Launch site Vostochny, Site 1A
Contractor Roscosmos
Moon lander
←  Luna 26
Luna 28 →
 

Luna 27 (Luna-Resurs 1 lander or Luna-Resource-1 lander) [3] [4] is a planned lunar lander mission by the Roscosmos with collaboration by the European Space Agency (ESA) to send a lander to the South Pole–Aitken basin, an area on the far side of the Moon. [5] [4] [6] Its objective will be to detect and characterise lunar polar volatiles. The mission is a continuation of the Luna-Glob programme. [5]

Mission

The purpose is to prospect for minerals, volatiles ( nitrogen, water, carbon dioxide, ammonia, hydrogen, methane and sulfur dioxide), and lunar water ice in permanently shadowed areas of the Moon and investigate the potential use of these natural lunar resources. [5] On the long term, Russia considers building a crewed base on the Moon's far side that would bring scientific and commercial benefits. [5]

Europe's participation in the mission received final approval at a meeting of ministers in December 2016. European Space Agency (ESA) will contribute with the development of a new type of automated landing system, [7] and will also be providing the 'PROSPECT' package, consisting of a drill (ProSEED), sample handling, and an analysis package (ProSPA). [8] [9] [10] The percussion drill is designed to go down to 2 m (6 ft 7 in) and collect cemented ice samples for an onboard miniaturised laboratory called ProSPA. [5] [8] The scientific payload consists of fifteen instruments. [11]

The lander mission was announced in November 2014 by Russia, [12] and its launch is planned for 2028. [1]

Science payload

The lander will feature 15 science instruments that will analyse the regolith, plasma in the exosphere, dust, and seismic activity. [13]

The European Space Agency payloads under collaboration with Russia was planned to fly Package for Resource Observation and in-Situ Prospecting for Exploration, Commercial exploitation and Transportation (PROSPECT) program's ProSEED lunar sampling drill, ProSPA chemical laboratory and volatile analysis package and Exospheric Mass Spectrometer L-band (EMS-L) high-performance communications payload on this mission, [14] [15] but the ProSEED and ProSPA will now fly on a NASA Commercial Lunar Payload Services mission in 2025 and the EMS-L will now fly on JAXA/ ISRO's LUPEX lunar rover mission in 2026 [16] [17] due to continued international collaboration being thrown into doubt by the 2022 Russian invasion of Ukraine and related sanctions on Russia. [18] [19]

The notional instrument payload includes:

  • ADRON-LR, active neutron and gamma-ray analysis of regolith
  • ARIES-L, measurement of plasma in the exosphere
  • LASMA-LR, laser mass-spectrometer
  • LIS-TV-RPM, infrared spectrometry of minerals and imaging
  • LINA, measurement of plasma and neutrals
  • PmL, measurement of dust and micro-meteorites
  • Radio beacon, high-power radio communication
  • RAT, radio measurements of the thermal properties of the regolith
  • SEISMO-LR, seismometer
  • Spectrometer, UV and optical imaging of mineral composition
  • THERMO-L, measurement of the thermal properties of regolith
  • STS-L, panoramic and local imaging
  • Laser retroreflector, Moon libration and ranging experiments
  • BUNI, power and science data support

See also

References

  1. ^ a b @katlinegrey (11 August 2023). "Yuri Borisov: Roscosmos plans to launch #Luna26 in 2027, Luna-27 – in 2028, and Luna-28 – in 2030 or later. After that, the next goal will be a crewed mission to the Moon" ( Tweet) – via Twitter.
  2. ^ "Russia to launch Luna-27 lunar lander mission atop Angara rocket from Vostochny spaceport". TASS. 20 October 2021. Retrieved 24 October 2021.
  3. ^ Missions to the Moon Luna-27, The Planetary Society
  4. ^ a b "ESA's plans for Lunar Exploration" (PDF). European Space Agency (ESA). 2014. Retrieved 18 October 2015.
  5. ^ a b c d e Ghosh, Pallab (16 October 2015). "Europe and Russia mission to assess Moon settlement". BBC News. Retrieved 16 October 2015.
  6. ^ "Russia-ESA Lunar Exploration Cooperation: Luna Mission Speed Dating". European Space Agency (ESA). 17 February 2014. Retrieved 18 October 2015.
  7. ^ Low-cost clocks for landing on the Moon 26 October 2017 ESA
  8. ^ a b "PROSPECTing the Moon" (PDF). European Space Agency (ESA). 18 May 2015. Archived from the original (PDF) on 28 September 2015. Retrieved 16 October 2015.
  9. ^ About PROSPECT ESA Accessed on 4 September 2019
  10. ^ "ProSPA: Analysis of Lunar Polar Volatiles and ISRU Demonstration on the Moon" (PDF).
  11. ^ Luna-27 (Luna-Resurs-Lander) payload Russian Space Research Institute (IKI) 2017
  12. ^ "Luna-Resurs lander (Luna-27)". RussianSpaceWeb.com. 10 October 2014. Retrieved 16 October 2015.
  13. ^ Luna 27 (Luna-Resurs-Lander) payload Russian Space Research Institute 2017 Accessed February 17, 2018
  14. ^ "ESA - Exploration of the Moon - About PROSPECT". exploration.esa.int. Retrieved 14 April 2022.
  15. ^ "LUNAR DRILL | Astronika". astronika.pl (in Polish). Archived from the original on 25 November 2018. Retrieved 24 November 2018.
  16. ^ "ISRO's next Moon mission in collaboration with Japanese space agency gathers steam". THE ECONOMIC TIMES. 23 August 2023.
  17. ^ "ESA's PROSPECT lunar drill (originally scheduled to fly on Luna-27) will now fly on a NASA CLPS mission. ESA's PILoT-D (originally planned for Luna-25) navigation camera is "already being procured from a commercial service provider."". Twitter. Retrieved 14 April 2022.
  18. ^ Witze, Alexandra (11 March 2022). "Russia's invasion of Ukraine is redrawing the geopolitics of space". Nature. doi: 10.1038/d41586-022-00727-x. PMID  35277688. S2CID  247407886. Retrieved 13 March 2022.
  19. ^ "Redirecting ESA programmes in response to geopolitical crisis". www.esa.int. Retrieved 14 April 2022.

External links

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