Emil Racoviţă or Racovitza (1868–1947) — he traveled to
Patagonia and
Tierra del Fuego, but most notably he is remembered for his research in Antarctica on board the ship Belgica; he was one of the world's foremost
cave explorers, and the international founder for the science of
biospelology (study of life in caves).
Bazil Assan (1860–1918) — from 1896 to 1897 he travelled and studied
Lapland, the
Arctic,
Spitzbergen, discovering new islands; he later voyaged fully around the world and on his return, with the
King of Romania's permission, boarded the
NMS Elisabeta warship and took possession of certain unclaimed islands in the Pacific for Romania, but the project fell short for financial reasons.[citation needed]
Teodor Negoiţă (1947–2011) —
polar-region explorer who, in 1995, became the first Romanian explorer who reached the
North Pole; he ran the first permanent Romanian research-and-exploration station in Antarctica, the
Law-Racoviță-Negoiță Station, which he established in 2006. Originally named Law-Racoviță Station, his name was added in 2011 in his honor after his death.
List of explorers born in
Transylvania, Romania, but of other heritage than Romanian
Francisc Bidner (1824–1875) — of
German origin and a prosperous
pharmacist by profession, he traveled to
Sudan and Congo, studying the
Nile and Congo, being the first European to have visited some places; he filled the
Brukenthal National Museum in
Sibiu, Romania, with natural specimens but most notably with
ethnographic pieces; he was the first European to see the Akka
pigmies, while at a
royal court; he also made studies of the gorillas; he is little-known as minimal literature has been preserved on him.
Florence Baker or Florica Sas (1826–1913) — of Hungarian (Szekely) origin, the wife of Sir
Samuel White Baker, she was active with her expedition-leader husband in Africa as a full participant.
