Genus of conifers
Keteleeria is a genus of three species of
coniferous
trees in the family
Pinaceae first described as a genus in 1866.
[1]
[2]
The genus name Keteleeria honours J.B. Keteleer (1813–1903), a
French nurseryman. The group is related to the genera
Nothotsuga and
Pseudolarix . It is distinguished from Nothotsuga by the much larger
cones , and from Pseudolarix by the
evergreen
leaves and the cones not disintegrating readily at maturity. All three genera share the unusual feature of male cones produced in
umbels of several together from a single bud, and also in their ability, very rare in the Pinaceae, of being able to
coppice .
The genus is found in southern
China (from
Shaanxi south to
Guangdong and
Yunnan ),
Hainan ,
Taiwan , northern
Laos , and
Vietnam .
[3]
They are evergreen trees reaching 35 m (115 ft) tall. The leaves are flat, needle-like, 1.5–7 cm (9 ⁄16 –2+ 3 ⁄4 in) long and 2–4 cm (13 ⁄16 –1+ 9 ⁄16 in) broad. The cones are erect, 6–22 cm (2+ 3 ⁄8 –8+ 11 ⁄16 in) long, and mature in about 6–8 months after pollination; cone size and scale shape is very variable within all three species.
The variability of the cones has led in the past to the description of several additional species (up to 16 'species' have been named), but most authorities now only accept three species. Flora of China, however, recognized five.
[4]
Phylogeny
Keteleeria heterophylloides
Latah Formation ,
Spokane, Washington
The
World Checklist maintained by
Kew Botanical Garden accepts the following:
[3]
Species
[3]
formerly included
[3]
moved to
Abies
Fossil record
Fossil pollen of Keteleeria caucasica have been recovered from
strata of the
Late Miocene in
Georgia in the
Caucasus region.
[8] Undescribed Keteleeria sp. fossils are known from the early
Pleistocene of southern
Portugal
[9] and the
Coldwater Beds in the
Early Eocene
Okanagan Highlands of Canada.
[10] Named species based on cones, leaves, pollen, seeds, and wood have been described from
Cretaceous through
Pliocene sediments in Europe, North America and Asia.
[11]
Keteleeria caucasica Ramischvili - pollen;
Miocene ,
Kulistskhali river , Georgia
Keteleeria cretacea Miki & Yas. Maeda - cones;
Cretaceous ,
Izumi Group , Japan
Keteleeria ezoana Tanai - cones & seeds;
Miocene ,
Yoshioka , Japan
Keteleeria heterophylloides (Berry) Brown - leaves;
Miocene ,
Latah Formation , Washington, US
Keteleeria hoehnei Kirchheimer - cones;
Miocene ,
Wiesa near Kamenz, Germany
Keteleeria mabetiensis (Watari) Watari - wood;
Miocene ,
Mabechi River ; Japan
Keteleeria microreticulata Ananova - pollen;
Miocene ,
Taganrog peninsula , Russia
Keteleeria prambachensis (E. Hofm.) W. Klaus -
Oligocene ,
Prambachkirchen , Austria
Keteleeria rhenana Kräusel - seeds;
Miocene ,
Mainz-Kastel , Germany
Keteleeria robusta Miki - cones;
Pliocene ,
Tokitsu , Japan
Keteleeria rujadana
R.N. Lakh. - cones;
Oligocene
Rujada flora , Oregon, US
Keteleeria shanwangensis Xiang et al. - cones;
Miocene ,
Shanwang Formation , Shandong, China
Keteleeria zhilinii - Blokhina & O.V. Bondarenko - wood;
Pliocene , Pavlovsky basin, Primorye, Russia
Several fossil species were formerly included in Keteleeria but have been moved:
References
^ Carrière, Élie Abel. 1866. Revue Horticole 37: 449
^
Tropicos, Keteleeria Carrière
^
a
b
c
d
Kew World Checklist of Selected Plant Families
^
"Keteleeria Carrière, Rev. Hort. 37: 449. 1866" .
Flora of China . 4 : 42.
^ Stull, Gregory W.; Qu, Xiao-Jian; Parins-Fukuchi, Caroline; Yang, Ying-Ying; Yang, Jun-Bo; Yang, Zhi-Yun; Hu, Yi; Ma, Hong; Soltis, Pamela S.; Soltis, Douglas E.; Li, De-Zhu; Smith, Stephen A.; Yi, Ting-Shuang; et al. (2021).
"Gene duplications and phylogenomic conflict underlie major pulses of phenotypic evolution in gymnosperms" . Nature Plants . 7 (8): 1015–1025.
bioRxiv
10.1101/2021.03.13.435279 .
doi :
10.1038/s41477-021-00964-4 .
PMID
34282286 .
S2CID
232282918 .
^ Stull, Gregory W.; et al. (2021).
"main.dated.supermatrix.tree.T9.tre" . Figshare.
doi :
10.6084/m9.figshare.14547354.v1 .
^ Brown, R. (1935). "Miocene leaves, fruits, and seeds from Idaho, Oregon, and Washington". Journal of Paleontology . 9 : 572–587.
^ The History of the Flora and Vegetation of Georgia by Irina Shatilova, Nino Mchedlishvili, Luara Rukhadze, Eliso Kvavadze,
Georgian National Museum Institute of Paleobiology,
Tbilisi 2011,
ISBN
978-9941-9105-3-1
^ Fernando Reboredo, Forest Context and Policies in Portugal: Present and Future Challenges , Springer, 28 August 2014 -
ISBN
978-3-319-08455-8
^ Mathewes, R. W.; Greenwood, D. R.; Archibald, S. B. (2016).
"Paleoenvironment of the Quilchena flora, British Columbia, during the Early Eocene Climatic Optimum" (PDF) . Canadian Journal of Earth Sciences . 53 (6): 574–590.
Bibcode :
2016CaJES..53..574M .
doi :
10.1139/cjes-2015-0163 .
hdl :
1807/71979 .
^
"Keteleeria " . The International Fossil Plant Names Index . Retrieved October 1, 2023 .
External links
Wikimedia Commons has media related to
Keteleeria .