| Haplogroup CZ | |
|---|---|
| Ancestor | M8 |
| Descendants | C, Z |
| Defining mutations | 249d [1] |
In human mitochondrial genetics, the Haplogroup CZ is a human mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) haplogroup.
Origin
Haplogroup CZ is a descendant of haplogroup M8 and is a parent to the haplogroups C and Z. The C and Z subclades share a common ancestor dated to approximately 36,500 years ago. [2] [3]
Distribution
Today, CZ is found in eastern Asian, Central Asian, Siberian, indigenous American, and European populations, and is most common in Siberian populations. It is recognized by a genetic marker at 249d.
Subclades
Tree
This phylogenetic tree of haplogroup CZ subclades is based on the paper by Mannis van Oven and Manfred Kayser Updated comprehensive phylogenetic tree of global human mitochondrial DNA variation [1] and subsequent published research.
- M
- M8
- CZ
- C
- Z
- CZ
- M8
See also
- Genealogical DNA test
- Genetic genealogy
- Human mitochondrial genetics
- Population genetics
- Human mitochondrial DNA haplogroups
|
Phylogenetic tree of human mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) haplogroups | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Mitochondrial Eve ( L) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| L0 | L1–6 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| L1 | L2 | L3 | L4 | L5 | L6 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| M | N | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| CZ | D | E | G | Q | O | A | S | R | I | W | X | Y | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| C | Z | B | F | R0 | pre-JT | P | U | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| HV | JT | K | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| H | V | J | T | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
References
- ^ a b van Oven, Mannis; Manfred Kayser (13 Oct 2008). "Updated comprehensive phylogenetic tree of global human mitochondrial DNA variation". Human Mutation. 30 (2): E386–E394. doi: 10.1002/humu.20921. PMID 18853457. S2CID 27566749.
- ^ Behar et al., 2012b
- ^ Sebastian Lippold; et al. (2014). "Human paternal and maternal demographic histories: insights from high-resolution Y chromosome and mtDNA sequences". bioRxiv 10.1101/001792.
External links
- General
- Ian Logan's Mitochondrial DNA Site
- Mannis van Oven's Phylotree
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