Hannathon, and of the 1350-1335 BC Amarna letters, Hinnatuna, or Hinnatuni/Hinnatunu, is the Biblical city/ city-state of Hannathon, (meaning: "the Gift of Grace"); in the Amarna letters correspondence as Hinnatuna, it is a site in southern Canaan, site uncertain. Ancient settlement of Tel Hanaton in Lower Galilee has been suggested as a candidate.
Amarna letters mentioning Hinnatuna
Hinnatuna is referenced in 2 Amarna letters, EA 8, and EA 245 ('EA' stands for 'El Amarna').
Amarna letter EA 8 is a letter to Pharaoh by Burna-Buriash of Karaduniyaš-(i.e. Babylon). The letter, entitled: "Merchants murdered, vengeance demanded", states near the letter beginning: "...Now, my merchants who were on their way with Ahu-tabu, were detained in Canaan for business matters. After Ahu-tabu went on to my brother-(the pharaoh), –in Hinnatuna of Canaan, Šum-Adda, the son of Balumme, and Šutatna, the son of Šaratum of Akka-(modern Acre), having sent their men, killed my merchants and took away [th]eir money."
Burna-Buriash continues, and states that he demands retribution, as well as he makes a warning to the pharaoh, that his own merchants/envoys are in danger.
Letter EA 245, title: "Assignment of guilt"
Letter
EA 245, to pharaoh, letter no. 4 of 7 by
Biridiya, concerns the rebel, and mayor of
Shechem-(Amarna Šakmu),
Labayu, and his cohort and protector: Surata of Akka-(modern
Acre, Israel).
EA 245 is the second tablet of a 2–Tablet letter-(Part 1 lost).
Letter Part 2 of 2:
- (1-7)"Moreover, I urged my brothers, "If the god of the king, our lord, brings it about that we overcome Lab'ayu, then we must bring him alive: ha- ia- ma to the king, our lord."
- (8-12)My mare, however, having been put out of action: tu- ra (having been shot), I took my place behind him: ah- ru- un- ú and rode with Yašdata.
- (13-20)But before my arrival they had struck him down: ma-ah-sú- ú,-(mahāsū). Yašdata being truly your servant, he it was that entered with me into batt[le] .
- (21-47)(bottom/tablet and reverse)May ... [...] the life of the king, my [lord], that he may br[ing peace to ever]yone in [the lands of] the king, [my] lord. It had been Surata that took Lab'ayu from Magidda and said to me, "I will send him to the king by boat: a- na-yi." Surata took him, but he sent him from Hinnatunu to his home, for it was Surata that had accepted from him: ba-di- ú his ransom.
- (?41-47)Moreover, what have I done to the king, my lord, that he has treated me with contempt: ia8- qí-ìl- li- ni and honored: ia8- ka- bi- id my less important brothers?
- (?41-47)It was Surata that let Lab'ayu go, and it was Surata that let Ba'l-mehir go, (both) to their homes. And may the king, my lord, know." -EA 245, lines 1-47 (complete, (minor 1-sentence lacuna))(Letter Part 2 of 2; Letter Part 1–lost)
See also
- Biridiya of Megiddo
- Yašdata
- Labaya
- Surata (Akka mayor), Akka/ Acre, Israel
- Amarna letters
- Tel Hanaton
- Hanaton
Amarna letters (photos)
- EA 9-(Obverse); see: Karaduniyaš
- EA 19-(Obverse), Article, Tushratta
- EA 23-(Reverse), with Black Hieratic; Article-( British Museum); see: Shaushka
- EA 28-(Obverse), see: Pirissi and Tulubri
" Alashiya kingdom" letters:
- EA 34-(Obverse); see: EA 34
Rib-Hadda letters:
Abimilku:
- EA 228-(Obverse)//(228,330,299,245,252), (EA 330, for Šipti-Ba'lu); Article, Pic writeup
- EA 245-(Obverse) EA 245-(Reverse); Article-1; Article-2; Hannathon/Hinnatuna
Labaya:
- EA 252-(Obverse), Article, see Labaya
Others:
External links
- EA 245-(Obverse) EA 245-(Reverse); Article-1; Article-2; Note: Reverse up-side-down to Front.
References
- Moran, William L. The Amarna Letters. Johns Hopkins University Press, 1987, 1992. (softcover, ISBN 0-8018-6715-0)