From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Overview of the events of 1963 in science
The year 1963 in
science and
technology involved some significant events, listed below.
Astronomy, astrophysics and space exploration
January 1 – Long-period
comet
C/1963 A1 (Ikeya) is discovered by a Japanese amateur.
January 4 – Soviet
Luna reaches
Earth orbit but fails to reach the Moon.
May 15 –
Mercury program :
NASA launches the last mission of the program
Mercury 9 . (On June 12 NASA Administrator
James E. Webb tells Congress the program is complete.)
July 26 –
Roy Kerr submits for publication his discovery of the
Kerr metric , an
exact solution to the
Einstein field equation of
general relativity , predicting a
rotating black hole .
[1]
October 18 – Aboard the French
Véronique AGI 47
sounding rocket , a
bicolor cat designated C 341, later known as
Félicette , becomes the first cat in space.
November 1 – The
Arecibo Observatory , with the world's largest single-dish
radio telescope , officially opens in
Arecibo, Puerto Rico .
First definite identification of a radio source,
3C 48 , with an optical object, later identified as a
quasar , is published by
Allan Sandage and
Thomas A. Matthews ;
[2] also
Maarten Schmidt publishes significant observations on
3C 273 .
[3]
Biology
Cartography
Computing
Earth sciences
History of science and technology
Mathematics
Medicine
Paleontology
Physics
Psychology
Technology
Events
Awards
Births
Deaths
January 28 –
Jean Piccard (born
1884 ),
Swiss -born
American
chemist and explorer.
February 5 –
Barnum Brown (born
1873 ), American
paleontologist .
April 6 –
Otto Struve (born
1897 ),
Russian
astronomer .
May 11 –
Herbert Spencer Gasser (born
1888 ), American physiologist, winner of the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine.
May 19 –
Walter Russell (born
1871 ), American
polymath .
June 16 –
Eleanor Williams (born 1884),
Australian
bacteriologist and
serologist .
August 30 –
Marietta Pallis (born
1882 ),
British
ecologist .
October 13 –
Alan A. Griffith (born
1893 ),
English
stress engineer.
October 2 –
Olga Lepeshinskaya (born
1871 ),
Soviet
Lysenkoist
biologist .
October 25 –
Karl von Terzaghi (born
1883 ),
Austrian "father of
soil mechanics ".
November 13 –
Margaret Murray (born
1863 ), Indian-English anthropologist and author.
[24]
References
^ Kerr, R. P. (1963). "Gravitational field of a spinning mass as an example of algebraically special metrics".
Physical Review Letters . 11 (5): 237–238.
Bibcode :
1963PhRvL..11..237K .
doi :
10.1103/PhysRevLett.11.237 .
^
Matthews, Thomas A. ;
Sandage, Allan R. (1963).
"Optical Identification of 3c 48, 3c 196, and 3c 286 with Stellar Objects" .
The Astrophysical Journal . 138 : 30–56.
Bibcode :
1963ApJ...138...30M .
doi :
10.1086/147615 . Archived from
the original on 2017-09-26. Retrieved 2019-08-07 .
^ Schmidt, Maarten (1963).
"3C 273: a star-like object with large red-shift" .
Nature . 197 (4872): 1040.
Bibcode :
1963Natur.197.1040S .
doi :
10.1038/1971040a0 .
^ Pauling, L.; Zuckerkandl, E. (1963).
"Chemical paleogenetics: molecular restoration studies of extinct forms of life" . Acta Chemica Scandinavica . 17 : 89.
doi :
10.3891/acta.chem.scand.17s-0009 .
^ Tinbergen, Niko (1963).
"On Aims and Methods in Ethology" (PDF) . Zeitschrift für Tierpsychologie . 20 (4): 410–433.
doi :
10.1111/j.1439-0310.1963.tb01161.x . Archived from
the original (PDF) on 2011-06-09. Retrieved 2011-03-17 .
^ Snyder, John P. (1993). Flattening the Earth: Two Thousand Years of Map Projections . University of Chicago Press.
ISBN
978-0-226-76747-5 .
^ The Hutchinson Factfinder . Helicon. 1999.
ISBN
978-1-85986-000-7 .
^ Vine, F. J.; Matthews, D. H. (1963). "Magnetic Anomalies Over Oceanic Ridges".
Nature . 199 (4897): 947–949.
Bibcode :
1963Natur.199..947V .
doi :
10.1038/199947a0 .
S2CID
4296143 .
^ Feit, Walter; Thompson, John G. (1963).
"Solvability of groups of odd order" .
Pacific Journal of Mathematics . 13 (3): 775–1029.
doi :
10.2140/pjm.1963.13.775 .
MR
0166261 .
^ Lorenz, Edward N. (March 1963).
"Deterministic Nonperiodic Flow" .
Journal of the Atmospheric Sciences . 20 (2): 130–141.
Bibcode :
1963JAtS...20..130L .
doi :
10.1175/1520-0469(1963)020<0130:DNF>2.0.CO;2 .
^ Atiyah, Michael F.; Singer, Isadore M. (1963).
"The Index of Elliptic Operators on Compact Manifolds" .
Bulletin of the American Mathematical Society . 69 (3): 422–433.
doi :
10.1090/S0002-9904-1963-10957-X .
^
a
b
c Machado, Calixto (2005). "The first organ transplant from a brain-dead donor".
Neurology . 64 (11): 1938–42.
doi :
10.1212/01.wnl.0000163515.09793.cb .
PMID
15955947 .
S2CID
219219246 .
^ Webb, Nicholas.
"HSL Research Guides: Ernst Ludwig Wynder Autograph Collection: John Enders, Ph.D." guides.library.nymc.edu . New York Medical College Health Sciences Library. Retrieved 2021-02-13 . In 1963, Pfizer introduced a deactivated measles vaccine, and Merck & Co introduced an attenuated measles vaccine.
^ Christy, Nicholas P. (1993).
"Grant W. Liddle" . Transactions of the American Clinical and Climatological Association . 104 : xliii–xlv.
PMC
2376630 .
PMID
1343432 .
^ Lejeune, J.; et al. (1963). "3 Cases of partial deletion of the short arm of chromosome 5". Comptes rendus hebdomadaires des séances de l'Académie des Sciences (in French). 257 : 3098–102.
PMID
14095841 .
^ Reig, O. A. (1963). "La presencia de dinosaurios saurisquios en los "Estratos de Ischigualasto" (Mesotriásico Superior) de las provincias de San Juan y La Rioja (República Argentina)".
Ameghiniana (in Spanish). 3 (1): 3–20.
^
American Journal of Physics 31 : 342-355.
^ Milgram, S (October 1963).
"Behavioral Study of Obedience" . Journal of Abnormal and Social Psychology . 67 (4): 371–378.
CiteSeerX
10.1.1.599.92 .
doi :
10.1037/h0040525 .
PMID
14049516 .
^
"Edward Craven Walker | British inventor" . Encyclopedia Britannica . Retrieved 11 March 2019 .
^ Penguin Pocket On This Day . Penguin Reference Library. 2006.
ISBN
978-0-14-102715-9 .
^ Howe, David J.; Stammers, Mark;
Walker, Stephen James (1994). The Handbook: The First Doctor — The William Hartnell Years 1963–1966 . London:
Virgin Books . p. 54.
ISBN
978-0-426-20430-5 .
^
"An Unearthly Child" . Doctor Who: The Classic Series . BBC. 1995–2003. Retrieved 2012-06-08 .
^
"The Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine 2014" . NobelPrize.org . Retrieved 11 March 2019 .
^ Sheppard, Kathleen L. (2013). The Life of Margaret Alice Murray: A Woman's Work in Archaeology . Lanham: Lexington. p. 223.
ISBN
978-0-73917-417-3 .