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Overview of the events of 1868 in literature
Events from the year 1868 in literature .
Events
January –
Émile Zola defends his first major novel,
Thérèse Raquin (
1867 ), against charges of pornography and corruption of morals.
[1]
January 4 –
August 8 –
Wilkie Collins '
epistolary novel
The Moonstone : a Romance is serialised in
All the Year Round (U.K.), being published in book format in July by
Tinsley Brothers of London.
[2] It is seen as a precursor of full-length
mystery fiction (with its introduction of the police detective
Sergeant Cuff ) and the
psychological thriller .
[3]
January 9 –
John William De Forest , writing for
The Nation , calls for a more specifically
American literature ;
[4] the essay's title, "The
Great American Novel ", is the first known use of the term.
April 29 – The
Court of King's Bench (England) decides on appeal the legal case Regina v. Hicklin on interpretation of the word "obscene" in the
Obscene Publications Act 1857 , applying the "
Hicklin test ": that any part of a publication with a "tendency... to deprave and corrupt those whose minds are open to such immoral influences, and into whose hands a publication of this sort may fall"
[5] makes the whole publication obscene, regardless of the author's intentions.
[6]
September – The first volume of
Louisa May Alcott 's novel for girls
Little Women is published by
Roberts Brothers of
Boston , Massachusetts.
November
December – The
Globe Theatre (Newcastle Street) in London opens with the première of the recently bankrupted
Henry James Byron 's semi-autobiographical comedy Cyril's Success .
[8]
unknown dates
New books
Fiction
Children and young people
Drama
Poetry
Non-fiction
Births
January 1 –
Sophia Alice Callahan , American Muscogee novelist and teacher (died
1894 )
[11]
January 5 –
Edward Garnett , English writer, critic and literary editor (died
1937 )
[12]
February 4 –
Miyake Kaho (三宅花圃), Japanese novelist, essayist and poet (died
1943 )
February 10 –
William Allen White , American journalist (died
1944 )
[13]
February 23 –
W. E. B. Du Bois , American sociologist, historian and Pan-Africanist (died
1963 )
[14]
March 28 –
Maxim Gorky , Russian novelist and dramatist (died
1936 )
[15]
April 1 –
Edmond Rostand , French poet and novelist (died
1918 )
[16]
May 6 –
Gaston Leroux , French journalist and novelist (died
1927 )
[17]
May 7 –
Stanisław Przybyszewski , Polish novelist, dramatist and poet (died
1927 )
[18]
July 10 –
Afevork Ghevre Jesus , Ethiopian novelist and linguist (died
1947 )
July 14 –
Gertrude Bell , English archaeologist, writer, spy and administrator (died
1926 )
[19]
July 17 –
Henri Nathansen , Danish writer and stage director (died
1944 )
[20]
August 6 –
Paul Claudel , French poet, dramatist and diplomat (died
1955 )
[21]
August 23 –
Edgar Lee Masters , American poet, biographer, dramatist and lawyer (died
1950 )
September 9 –
Mary Hunter Austin , American writer of fiction and non-fiction (died
1934 )
[22]
September 14 –
Théodore Botrel , French poet and dramatist (died
1925 )
October 18 –
Ernst Didring , Swedish novelist (died
1931 )
November 5 –
Kassian Bogatyrets , Rusyn priest, politician and historian (died
1960 )
November 14 –
Steele Rudd , Australian author (died
1935 )
[23]
November 30 –
Angela Brazil , English writer of schoolgirl fiction (died
1947 )
[24]
c. December 12 –
Stephen Hudson (born Sydney Schiff), English novelist, translator and arts patron (died
1944 )
December 14 –
Louise Hammond Willis Snead , American writer, artist and composer (died
1958 )
December 19 –
Eleanor H. Porter , American novelist (died
1920 )
[25]
December 25 –
Ahmed Shawqi , Egyptian poet (died
1932 )
December 28 –
Bucura Dumbravă , Romanian novelist and spiritualist (died
1926 )
Deaths
January 6 –
Scarlat Vârnav , Romanian journalist, educationist and librarian (digestive illness, year of birth unknown )
January 24 –
John David Macbride , English Arabist and academic (born
1778 )
March 8 –
Jón Thoroddsen elder , Icelandic poet and novelist (born 1818 or 1819)
[26]
June 6 –
Daniel Pierce Thompson , American novelist and lawyer (born
1795 )
June 15 –
Robert Vaughan , English historian and religious writer (born
1795 )
June 18 –
Charles Harpur , Australian poet (tuberculosis, born
1813 )
July 6 –
Samuel Lover , Irish writer and composer (born
1797 )
[27]
July 30 –
Mihály Tompa , Hungarian lyric poet (born
1819 )
August 24 –
Constantin Negruzzi (Costache Negruzzi), Romanian poet, novelist and playwright (born
1808 )
August 25 –
Jacob van Lennep , Dutch poet and novelist (born
1802 )
[28]
September 24 –
Henry Hart Milman , English historian (born
1791 )
[29]
November 30 –
August Blanche , Swedish journalist, novelist and statesman (heart attack; born
1811 )
Awards
References
^
Ferragus (23 January 1868). "La littérature putride".
Le Figaro . Paris.
^ Allingham, Philip V. (2007-06-08).
"Wilkie Collins The Moonstone in Serial and Triple-Decker Publication" . The
Victorian Web . Retrieved 2013-10-15 .
^
T. S. Eliot calls it "the first, the longest, and the best of modern English detective novels in a genre invented by Collins".David, Deirdre (2001).
The Cambridge Companion to the Victorian Novel . Cambridge University Press. p. 179.
ISBN
9780521646192 .
^ DeForest, John (9 January 1868).
"The Great American Novel" . The Nation . New York. Retrieved 2010-10-11 .
^
Regina v. Hicklin#Decision – via
Wikisource .
^ Ducat, Craig R. (2008-02-29).
Constitutional Interpretation: Rights of the individual . Cengage Learning. p. 540.
ISBN
978-0-495-50324-8 . Retrieved 2011-09-30 .
^ Browning, Robert (2004). Karlin, Daniel (ed.). Selected Poems . Penguin. p. 11.
^
Thornbury, Walter (1897).
Chapter 4 . Vol. 3. pp. 32–35. Retrieved 2013-10-15 .
^
"The World Almanac" . Retrieved 2013-02-12 .
^ Jarndyce Catalogue CCXXIV, A Summer Miscellany (London, 2017), No. 201.
^
Carolyn Stull, "S. Alice Callahan" , Encyclopædia Britannica online, 2016; accessed 6 August 2016
^ Barbara McCrimmon (1989). Richard Garnett: The Scholar as Librarian . American Library Association. p. 56.
^
"William Allen White House: History" . Kansas State Historical Society. 2008. Archived from
the original on 2008-04-08. Retrieved 2008-03-30 .
^ The Crisis Publishing Company, Inc. (November 1980).
The Crisis . The Crisis Publishing Company, Inc. p. 399.
^ Frank Marshall Borras (1967).
Maxim Gorky, the Writer: An Interpretation . Oxford. p. ix.
^ E. J. Freeman (1995).
Edmond Rostand, Cyrano de Bergerac . University of Glasgow French and German Publications. p. 10.
ISBN
978-0-85261-467-9 .
^ Laura Paola Pellegrini (April 27, 2012).
Le Fantôme de l'Opéra by Gaston Leroux: The novel's evolution and its theatrical and cinematic adaptations in the twentieth century . LED Edizioni Universitarie. p. 20.
ISBN
978-88-7916-584-6 .
^ James N. Hardin (1988).
German Fiction Writers, 1885-1913 . Gale Research Company. p. 402.
ISBN
978-0-8103-1744-4 .
^ Alan Myers (1995).
Myers' Literary Guide: The North East . Mid Northumberland Arts Group. p. 8.
ISBN
978-1-85754-199-1 .
^
"Henri Nathansen" .
Den Store Danske Encyklopædi (in Danish). Retrieved 26 June 2010 .
^ Paul Claudel (1964).
The Correspondence, 1899-1926, Between Paul Claudel and André Gide . Beacon Press. p. 242.
^ Fink, Augusta (1983).
I-Mary, A Biography of Mary Austin . Tucson, AZ: University of Arizona Press. pp.
170–213 .
ISBN
9780816507894 .
OCLC
9081799 .
^ Ikin, Van (1981).
"Davis, Arthur Hoey (1868–1935)" .
Australian Dictionary of Biography . Vol. 8. Canberra: National Centre of Biography,
Australian National University .
ISBN
978-0-522-84459-7 .
ISSN
1833-7538 .
OCLC
70677943 . Retrieved 18 December 2015 .
^ Sue Sims; Hilary Clare (2000).
The Encyclopaedia of School Stories: The encyclopaedia of girls' school stories . Ashgate. p. 66.
ISBN
9780754600824 .
^ Eleanor H Porter (September 2018).
Pollyanna : Om Illustrated Classics . Om Books International. p. 117.
ISBN
978-93-80070-87-2 .
^ Merriam-Webster, Inc; MERRIAM-WEBSTER STAFF; Encyclopaedia Britannica Publishers, Inc. Staff (1995).
Merriam-Webster's Encyclopedia of Literature . Merriam-Webster. p. 1112.
ISBN
978-0-87779-042-6 .
^ Andrew James Symington (1880).
Samuel Lover: A Biographical Sketch with Selections from His Writings and Correspondence . Harper & brothers. p. 254.
^ Thomas Spencer Baynes (1891).
The Encyclopædia Britannica: A Dictionary of Arts, Sciences, and General Literature . M. Sommerville. p. 447.
^ George Edward Cokayne (1 January 1900).
Complete baronetage: Volume V . Dalcassian Publishing Company. p. 335.
^ University of Oxford (1900).
Oxford University Calendar . J.H. Parker, and H. Slatter. p. 59.