Lewis and Clark National Wildlife Refuge
IUCN category IV (habitat/species management area)
Location	Clatsop County, Oregon
Nearest city	Astoria
Coordinates	46°12′59″N 123°38′04″W / 46.2164977°N 123.6345810°W / 46.2164977; -123.6345810 [1]
Area	12,167 acres (4,924 ha) [2]
Established	1972 (1972)
Governing body	U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service
Website	Lewis and Clark NWR

Lewis and Clark National Wildlife Refuge, near the mouth of the Columbia River, provides wintering and resting areas for an estimated 1,000 tundra swans, 5,000 geese, and 30,000 ducks. Other species include shorebirds and bald eagles.

Estuary waters provide vital food resources for juvenile salmon as they pause to become acclimated to salt water before entering the Pacific Ocean. Bald eagles are present year-round; there are 30 to 35 active nest sites.

Other fish species using the estuary include American shad, smelt, perch, starry flounder, bass, catfish, and Pacific lamprey. Harbor seals use sandbars and mud flats as resting sites at low tides, while seals and California sea lions feed on fish in the estuary. Beaver, raccoon, weasel, mink, muskrat, river otter, Columbian white-tailed deer and invasive nutria also live on the islands.

Gallery

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  Aerial view of Lois Island
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  Aerial view of Russian Island
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  Aerial view of the Columbia River estuary including the refuge

References

 This article incorporates public domain material from websites or documents of the United States Fish and Wildlife Service.