Yamatohime-no-mikoto (倭比売命 or 倭姫命) is a Japanese figure who is said to have established
Ise Shrine, where the Sun Goddess,
Amaterasu Omikami is enshrined. Yamatohime-no-mikoto is recorded as being the daughter of
Emperor Suinin, Japan's 11th Emperor.[1] (note that 'Yamatohime' is this figure's name; -no-mikoto is an honorific applied to the names of nobles or gods.)
Traditional historical view
Legend says that about 2,000 years ago,
Emperor Suinin ordered his daughter, Princess Yamatohime-no-mikoto, to set out and find a suitable permanent location from which to hold ceremonies for
Amaterasu Ōmikami. Prior to this,
Amaterasu Ōmikami had been worshiped within the Imperial Palace at
Yamato, before a temporary location was created in the eastern
Nara Basin. Yamatohime-no-mikoto is said to have set out from
Mt. Miwa and wandered for 20 years through the regions of
Ōmi and
Mino in search of a suitable location.
When she arrived at
Ise, she is said to have heard the voice of
Amaterasu Ōmikami saying that she wanted to live forever in the richly abundant area of Ise, near the mountains and the sea, and it was here that Yamatohime-no-mikoto established
Naiku, the Inner Shrine.[2]
Jien records that during the reign of
Emperor Suinin, the first High Priestess (Saiō, also known as saigū) was appointed to serve at Ise Shrine.[3]
Some sources[5][6] point out the parallels between Yamatohime-no-mikoto and
Queen Himiko, a female ruler of Japan referred to in 3rd-century Chinese sources, namely the
Records of Three Kingdoms and the
Wajinden. Himiko was recorded as an unmarried queen and priestess, whose name means "sun child", or "sun daughter". Parallels can be drawn between Yamatohime-no-mikoto's role as both princess and priestess and the descriptions of Himiko, as well as the meaning of Himiko's name and that of the role of Yamatohime-no-mikoto as priestess and descendant of the sun goddess, or "daughter of the sun". Queen Himiko is recorded as having ruled the land of "Yamatai", whereas Yamatohime-no-mikoto left her home of
Yamato to establish
Ise Shrine.
The nature of
Queen Himiko has been a point of great debate since the late
Edo period, with other theories linking her with
Empress Jingū or even a real person upon whom the myth of the sun goddess Amaterasu was built.[7] As the earliest extant Japanese sources of information about Yamatohime-no-mikoto date from the
Kojiki in the early 8th century, it remains difficult to see how the historical figure of Yamatohime-no-mikoto can be delineated in fuller depth or with a sense of better verified accuracy.
Ceremonies
A
Shinto ceremony is conducted on May 5 and November 5 each year at the sanctuary of Yamatohime-no-miya, near
Ise Shrine, to celebrate the contribution of Yamatohime-no-mikoto in the establishment of the shrine.[8]
^Farris, William. (1999). "Sacred Texts and Buried Treasures: Issues in the Historical Archaeology of Ancient Japan," Monumenta Nipponica, 54:1, 123-126.
^Aston, William. (1998). Nihongi, Vol. 1, pp. 254–271.
Books
Brown, Delmer and Ichiro Ishida, eds. (1979). [
Jien, c.1220], Gukanshō; "The Future and the Past: a translation and study of the 'Gukanshō,' an interpretive history of Japan written in 1219" translated from the Japanese and edited by Delmer M. Brown & Ichirō Ishida. Berkeley:
University of California Press.
ISBN0-520-03460-0
Farris, William Wayne. (1999). "Sacred Texts and Buried Treasures: Issues in the Historical Archaeology of Ancient Japan," Monumenta Nipponica, Vol. 54, No. 1, pp. 123–126.