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1st century BC
Year
Date
Event
94 BC
The
Parthian Empire reaches its peak, stretching from the northern reaches of the Euphrates, in what is now central-eastern Turkey, to present-day Afghanistan and western Pakistan.
Battle of Samarra (363) between the Roman Empire and the Sasanian Empire, in which Roman emperor
Julian is wounded, and subsequently dies of his wounds.
Khosrow II becomes ruler of the Sasanian Empire. During his rule till 628,
Egypt,
Jordan,
Palestine and
Lebanon are annexed into the Sasanian Empire
7th century
Year
Date
Event
620
Sasanian Empire reaches its greatest height, encompassing all of present-day Iran and Iraq and stretching from the eastern Mediterranean (including Anatolia and Egypt) to Pakistan, and from parts of southern Arabia to the Caucasus and Central Asia.
Uthman ibn Affan becomes the third Rashidun Caliph. During his reign, almost the whole of the former Sassanid empire's territories rebel from time to time, with major rebellions in
Armenia,
Azerbaijan, Fars,
Sistan (in 649), Khorasan (651), and Makran (650).
Ustadh Sis, Persian Zoroastrian revolutionary leader launches a rebellion, occupies
Herat and
Sistan before marching towards
Merv. He initially defeats an Abbasid army under the command of al-Ajtham of Merv, but is himself defeated in a bloody battle against an army led by
Muhammad ibn Abdallah.
Zoroastrian commander
Mardavij establishes the
Ziyarid dynasty and briefly conquers much of northern Persia before being betrayed and killed in 935 CE. The Ziyarid dynasty continued to rule over much of Tabaristan until its demise in 1090 CE.
The
Treaty of Zuhab was signed between Persia and the
Ottoman Empire, decisively partitioning the
Caucasus between the two (with the greater part remaining Iranian,) and establishing what remains the border between Iran,
Turkey, and
Iraq.
Battle of Krtsanisi: The Persian army demolished the armed forces of
Kartl-Kakheti, captured
Tbilisi, and reconquered eastern
Georgia, which comprised the territories of the Kartli-Kakheti.
Russo-Persian War (1826–1828) Facing the possibility of a
Russian conquest of
Tehran and with
Tabriz already occupied, Persia signed the
Treaty of Turkmenchay; decisive and final cession of the last Caucasian territories of Iran comprising modern-day
Armenia, the remainder of the
Azerbaijan Republic that was still in Iranian hands, and
Igdir (modern-day Turkey).
Mohammad Mosaddegh is overthrown in a coup engineered by the British and American intelligence services.
Fazlollah Zahedi is proclaimed as prime minister and the Shah returns.[12]
1979
11 February
Iranian Revolution: The Iranian Monarchy collapsed in a popular revolution.
The
Iran–Iraq War ends in a stalemate. The Iran–Iraq War was the deadliest conventional war ever fought between regular armies of developing countries.[14]
A constitutional reform was allegedly approved by 97.6% of voters in a
referendum, it was the first and so far only time the
Constitution of the Islamic Republic of Iran has been amended. It made several significant changes to the system of government of the Islamic Republic such as eliminating the need for the
Supreme Leader (rahbar) of the country to be a marja or chosen by popular acclaim.
My Stealthy Freedom, an online movement in which
women in Iran post photos of themselves without hijabs, as a protest against the compulsory hijab laws in the country.
2015
14 July
Signing of
Iran nuclear deal between Iran and the P5+1 (the five permanent members of the United Nations Security Council— China, France, Russia, United Kingdom, United States—plus Germany).
2018
8 May
United States withdraws from the Iran nuclear deal
Self immolation of women's rights activist
Sahar Khodayari over six month prison sentence for attempting to enter a public stadium to watch a football game, against the national ban against women at such events. Leads to widespread protests, and on 10 October 2019, more than 3,500 women attend the
Azadi Stadium for a World Cup qualifier against Cambodia.
22-year-old Iranian woman Mahsa Amini, also known as Jina Amini, died in a hospital in
Tehran, Iran, under suspicious circumstances, after her arrest by the Islamic Republic's
Guidance Patrol. Eyewitnesses, including women who were detained with Amini, reported that she was severely beaten and that she died as a result of
police brutality. Her death sparked widespread antigovernmental protests in Iran.
^Abrahamian, Ervand (2008). A History of Modern Iran (3rd print ed.). Cambridge, U.K.: Cambridge University Press.
ISBN978-0521528917.
^Fürtig, Henner (2012). "Den Spieß umgedreht: iranische Gegenoffensive im Ersten Golfkrieg" [Turning of the Tables: the Iranian counter-offensive during the first Gulf War]. Damals (in German). No. 5. pp. 10–13.