Ehsan Yarshater (
Persian: احسان يارشاطر, April 3, 1920 – September 1, 2018)[2] was an Iranian historian and linguist who specialized in
Iranology. He was the founder and director of the Center for Iranian Studies, and Hagop Kevorkian Professor Emeritus of Iranian Studies at
Columbia University.
He was the first Persian full-time professor at a U.S. university since World War II.[3]
He was one of the 40 editors of the Encyclopædia Iranica,[4] with articles by 300 authors from various academic institutions. He also edited the third volume of
The Cambridge History of Iran, comprising the history of the
Seleucids, the
Parthians, and the
Sassanians, and a volume entitled Persian Literature. He was also an editor of a sixteen-volume series named History of Persian Literature.[5] He had won several international awards for scholarship, including a
UNESCO award in 1959, and the Giorgio Levi Della Vida Medal for Achievement in Islamic Studies from UCLA in 1991.[6] Lecture series in his name have been instituted at the
University of London, and the
University of California, Los Angeles, and at the
Centre National de Recherche Scientifique in Paris.
He had published a number of articles on modern western Iranian dialects, notably Tati and
Taleshi, and the
Jewish dialects of Persian (including Lotara'i), and on Persian mythology.
His parents were
Iranian Jews who had converted to the
Baháʼí Faith, but he had no affiliation with the Baháʼí Faith as an adult.[8][9]
Bibliography
Theorems and Remarks (al-Isharat wa'l-tanbihat) by Avicenna, tr. into Persian in the 13th century; annotated edition. Tehran, National Monuments Society, 1953.
Five Treaties in Arabic and Persian (Panj Resala) by Ibn Sina, annotated edition. Tehran, National Monuments Society, 1953.
Šeʿr-e fārsi dar ʿahd-e Šāhroḵ yā āḡāz-e enḥeṭāṭ dar šeʿr-e farsi ("Persian Poetry under
Shah Rokh: The Second Half of the 15th Century or the beginning of decline in Persian poetry"). Tehran, Tehran University Press, 1955.
Legends of the Epic of Kings (Dastanha-ye Shahnama). Tehran: Iran-American Joint Fund Publications, 1957, 1958, 1964; 2nd ed. 1974, 1982 (awarded a
UNESCO prize in 1959).
Old Iranian Myths and Legends (Dastanha-ye Iran-e bastan). Tehran: Iran-American Joint Fund Publications, 1957, 1958, 1964 (Royal Award for the best book of the year, 1959).
With W.B. Henning (eds.). A Locust's Leg: Studies in Honour of S.H. Taqizadeh. London, 1962.
Modern Painting (Naqqashi-e novin). 2 vols. Tehran: Amir Kabir, 1965–66; 2nd printing, 1975.
A Grammar of Southern Tati Dialects, Median Dialect Studies I. The Hague and Paris, Mouton and Co., 1969.
Iran Faces the Seventies (ed.). New York, Praeger Publishers, 1971.
With D. Bishop (eds.). Biruni Symposium. New York, Center for Iranian Studies, Columbia University, 1976.
Selected Stories from the Shahnama (Bargozida-ye dastanha-ye Shahnama), Vol. I. Tehran, BTNK, 1974; reprint, Washington, D.C., Iranian Cultural Foundation, 1982.
With David Bivar (eds.). Inscriptions of Eastern Mazandaran, Corpus Inscriptionem Iranicarum. London, Lund and Humphries, 1978.
With Richard Ettinghausen (eds.). Highlights of Persian Art. New York, Bibliotheca Persica, 1982.
Sadeq Hedayat: An Anthology (ed.). New York, Bibliotheca Persica, 1979.
Cambridge History of Iran, Vol. III: Seleucid, Parthian and Sassanian Periods (ed.). Cambridge, Cambridge University Press, 1983.
Persian Literature (ed.). New York, State University of New York Press, 1988.
History of Al-Tabari: Volumes 1-40 (ed.). New York, State Univ of New York Press, 2007.
Farangis Mohebbi, Dr Yarshater: Lambton predicted the
Iranian Revolution, An interview with Professor Yarshater concerning the late Professor
Ann Lambton, in Persian, Radio Zamaneh, August 13, 2008,
[1]. Audio:
[2].
Contemporary Persian and Classical Persian are the same language, but writers since 1900 are classified as contemporary. At one time, Persian was a common cultural language of much of the non-Arabic Islamic world. Today it is the official language of
Iran,
Tajikistan and one of the two official languages of
Afghanistan.