From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Tanycytes are special
ependymal cells found in the
third ventricle of the
brain , and on the floor of the
fourth ventricle and have processes extending deep into the
hypothalamus . It is possible that their function is to transfer chemical signals from the
cerebrospinal fluid to the
central nervous system .
The term tanycyte comes from the Greek word tanus which means elongated.
Location
Tanycytes in adult mammals are found in the
ventricular system and the
circumventricular organs . They are most numerous in the third ventricle of the brain, are also found in the
fourth ventricle , and can also be seen in the
spinal cord radiating from the ependyma of the central canal to the spinal cord surface. Tanycytes represent approximately 0.6% of the population of the lateral ventricular wall.
[1]
Tanycytes have also been shown in vivo to serve as a diet-responsive neurogenic niche.
[2]
Function
Recent work suggests that tanycyte cells bridge the gap between the central nervous system (CNS) via
cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) to the
hypophyseal portal blood .
[3]
[4]
Role in the release of gonadotropin-releasing hormone
Researches in 2005 and 2010
[5]
[6] found that tanycytes participate in the release of
gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH). GnRH is released by neurons located in the rostral hypothalamus. These nerve fibers are concentrated in the region that exactly matches the distribution of β1 tanycytes. β1 and β2 tanycytes are found nearer the
arcuate nucleus and the
median eminence .
[7]
See also
List of distinct cell types in the adult human body
References
^ Doetsch, F; García-Verdugo, JM; Alvarez-Buylla, A (Jul 1, 1997).
"Cellular composition and three-dimensional organization of the subventricular germinal zone in the adult mammalian brain" . The Journal of Neuroscience . 17 (13): 5046–61.
doi :
10.1523/JNEUROSCI.17-13-05046.1997 .
PMC
6573289 .
PMID
9185542 .
^ Lee, DA; Bedont, JL; Pak, T; Wang, H; Song, J; Miranda-Angulo, A; Takiar, V; Charubhumi, V; Balordi, F; Takebayashi, H; Aja, S; Ford, E; Fishell, G; Blackshaw, S (Mar 25, 2012).
"Tanycytes of the hypothalamic median eminence form a diet-responsive neurogenic niche" . Nature Neuroscience . 15 (5): 700–2.
doi :
10.1038/nn.3079 .
PMC
3380241 .
PMID
22446882 .
^ Mullier, A; Bouret, SG; Prevot, V; Dehouck, B (Apr 1, 2010).
"Differential distribution of tight junction proteins suggests a role for tanycytes in blood-hypothalamus barrier regulation in the adult mouse brain" . The Journal of Comparative Neurology . 518 (7): 943–62.
doi :
10.1002/cne.22273 .
PMC
2892518 .
PMID
20127760 .
^ Langlet, F; Mullier, A; Bouret, SG; Prevot, V; Dehouck, B (Oct 15, 2013).
"Tanycyte-like cells form a blood-cerebrospinal fluid barrier in the circumventricular organs of the mouse brain" . J. Comp. Neurol . 521 (15): 3389–405.
doi :
10.1002/cne.23355 .
PMC
3973970 .
PMID
23649873 .
^ Prevot, V; Bellefontaine, N; Baroncini, M; Sharif, A; Hanchate, NK; Parkash, J; Campagne, C; de Seranno, S (Jul 2010).
"Gonadotrophin-releasing hormone nerve terminals, tanycytes and neurohaemal junction remodelling in the adult median eminence: functional consequences for reproduction and dynamic role of vascular endothelial cells" . Journal of Neuroendocrinology . 22 (7): 639–49.
doi :
10.1111/j.1365-2826.2010.02033.x .
PMC
3168864 .
PMID
20492366 .
^ Rodríguez, EM; Blázquez, JL; Pastor, FE; Peláez, B; Peña, P; Peruzzo, B; Amat, P (2005).
"Hypothalamic tanycytes: a key component of brain-endocrine interaction" (PDF) . International Review of Cytology . 247 : 89–164.
doi :
10.1016/S0074-7696(05)47003-5 .
hdl :
10366/17544 .
PMID
16344112 .
^ Bolborea, M; Dale, N (February 2013).
"Hypothalamic tanycytes: potential roles in the control of feeding and energy balance" . Trends in Neurosciences . 36 (2): 91–100.
doi :
10.1016/j.tins.2012.12.008 .
PMC
3605593 .
PMID
23332797 .
Bibliography
Rodríguez, EM; Blázquez, JL; Pastor, FE; Peláez, B; Peña, P; Peruzzo, B; Amat, P (2005).
"Hypothalamic tanycytes: a key component of brain-endocrine interaction" (PDF) . International Review of Cytology . 247 : 89–164.
doi :
10.1016/S0074-7696(05)47003-5 .
hdl :
10366/17544 .
PMID
16344112 .
Kubota, T; Sato, K; Arishima, H; Takeuchi, H; Kitai, R; Nakagawa, T (Feb 2006). "Astroblastoma: immunohistochemical and ultrastructural study of distinctive epithelial and probable tanycytic differentiation". Neuropathology . 26 (1): 72–81.
doi :
10.1111/j.1440-1789.2006.00636.x .
hdl :
10098/1809 .
PMID
16521483 .
S2CID
21225763 .
Guadaño-Ferraz, A; Obregón, MJ; St Germain, DL; Bernal, J (Sep 16, 1997).
"The type 2 iodothyronine deiodinase is expressed primarily in glial cells in the neonatal rat brain" . Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America . 94 (19): 10391–6.
Bibcode :
1997PNAS...9410391G .
doi :
10.1073/pnas.94.19.10391 .
PMC
23373 .
PMID
9294221 .
Prieto, M; Chauvet, N; Alonso, G (Jan 2000). "Tanycytes transplanted into the adult rat spinal cord support the regeneration of lesioned axons". Experimental Neurology . 161 (1): 27–37.
doi :
10.1006/exnr.1999.7223 .
PMID
10683271 .
S2CID
42078438 .
External links
Wikimedia Commons has media related to
Tanycyte .