This is an archive of past discussions. Do not edit the contents of this page. If you wish to start a new discussion or revive an old one, please do so on the current talk page.

Archive 1

←

Archive 4

Archive 5

Archive 6

I note that Examiner.com has over 500 articles relating to the general topic of deism. That source, however, has been blacklisted, and I can honestly say that few if any of the pieces it contains could even remotely be considered independent. Having checked various reference books on philosophy and religion, including both those that deal with religion in general and Melton's guide to American religions, which seems to list virtually every denomination which has achieved notability, and at least a few, like a church for worshippers of JFK in Los Angeles and a "group" called "A Candle" which seems to have been, basically, just one person. Of the general sources , I find that many say, in their articles on "deism", that deism as is described in their books basically ceased to exist in the 18th century, and none make any sort of reference whatsoever to any sort of modern deism. The Melton book also lists no deist groups. I have also checked the various databanks available to me and found, basically, only three individuals in recent times who are identified as "deists." One is Anthony Flew, who is indicated in numerous sources as having converted to believing in a prime mover of some sort late in life, and described as a "deist" on that basis. Other than that, the only clearly reliable sources I can find which use the word "deism" in contemporary context are references to one Colorado newspaper columnist who converted from Catholicism to what he calls deism, and a "deist" minister in Alabama who raised a lawsuit of some sort. Having looked, however, I have not seen any independent reliable sources that give me any reason to believe that either of the latter two qualify as notable, or that the statements they make can reasonably be seen as reflecting the views of contemporary "deism," although I could be wrong.

At least one of the Examiner.com lists 10 favorite websites for "deist" organizations, but having looked the various databanks available to me, I find no reference in any independent reliable sources to any of them, and, honestly, it is hard to really say that any of them necessarily speak for the broader "deist" community, which raises questions about whether they as individual groups are in a position to speak for contemporary "deism" in any sort of authoritative way, or whether they just speak for themselves. I also find a few books on the topic of modern deism, including Deist: So That's What I Am, Religion For the 21st Century - The Age of New Deism, and Deism: A Revolution in Religion - A Revolution in You, although I am in no way certain that any of them are not self-published, or that they reflect notability. However, based on this information that I have been able to gather, I very much doubt that any sort of contemporary deism meets either individual notability guidelines, or that it deserves much attention in this article as per WP:WEIGHT.

I do however note, somewhat to my own distress, that there is a very closely related term, Moralistic therapeutic deism, which so far as I can determine, based on what I have seen about the modern non-notable deist groups, seems to more or less have similar principles and description to those of at least some of these contemporary deism movements, although I have no doubt that the term is objected to by modern self-described deists.

So, where if anywhere should content relating to this new deism be placed, and what should the nature of that content be? John Carter ( talk) 16:15, 23 June 2013 (UTC)

I want to call to attention the comparison of edits at https://en.wikipedia.org/?title=Deism&diff=566935331&oldid=565598171 --- assuming both of these are in the Age of Reason, there is a small debate here, but from an academic perspective Thomas Paine's agnosticism is pretty much universally accepted. I'm not sure if that is notable to include on an article on Deism though. I wanted to get others' opinions before starting a revert war. BranSul ( talk) 21:47, 30 August 2013 (UTC)

This article's definition confuses Deism with Pantheism. — Preceding unsigned comment added by 2601:1:9480:2E:5808:FCB4:B50D:5D5C ( talk) 18:57, 16 December 2012 (UTC)

If you are referring to the definition in the lead section of the article, it does not confuse deism and pantheism. Or are you referring to a later section of the article?Dulcimer music 02:31, 18 December 2012 (UTC)JDefauw — Preceding unsigned comment added by JDefauw ( talk • contribs)

"Panendeism combines deism with panentheism, the belief that the universe is part of God, but not all of God. A component of panendeism is 'experiential metaphysics' – the idea that a mystical component exists within the framework of panendeism, allowing the seeker to experience a relationship to Deity through meditation, prayer or some other type of communion.[75] This is a major departure from classical deism."

This entire definition of 'panendeism' is indentical to some strains of panentheism; if you can experience the 'Deity' through "meditation, prayer, or some other kind of communion", then deism - a belief premised on lack of revelation - is dispelled. Is there then anything that really differentiates those strains of panentheism from 'panendeism'? 70.138.217.107 ( talk) 08:28, 18 October 2013 (UTC)

With this edit a contributor has changed the dates of the first dictionary that contained the word "deism". That has been reverted and returned to status quo, because the facts are not clear on this. The Roman numeral date cited may or may not be MDCCLXXV (1775), because the actual date in the cited book is MDCLXXV (1675). There is a gap between the "C" and the "L" that may be due to a faded "C", or it may just be due to the early printer's setting faults. Also, it was cited that the 1721 version contained "deism", but I don't see how this can known with certainty, since there is no preview of its pages available. It would be a good idea to receive other opinions about this before major changes are made to the "facts" in the lead of this article. –  Paine Ellsworth  ^CLIMAX! 08:53, 25 January 2014 (UTC)
PS. It may also be of value to note that the accessdate parameters were entered incorrectly in the above edit. The month and day format was reversed, which caused CS1 errors to be generated. PS added by –  Paine Ellsworth  ^CLIMAX!

The Roman Numerals that give the publication date for the source cited has a faded second "C", thus resulting in an incorrect transcription. The correct date is 1775, not 1675. Nathan Bailey, the author of source cited, died in 1742. While no date of birth is confirmed, if we assume he was 20 at the age of an alleged publication date of 1675, then he would have died at age 87... quite old for that period. More concretely, it has been confirmed that Bailey first published his An Universal Etymological English Dictionary in 1721, nowhere close to 1675. We for certain know that this entry is found in the 1775 edition, though we can reasonably presume that it was also in the first, 1721 edition. This could be confirmed by reviewing the hard copy of it. Simply put, the date cited to this specific source was incorrectly transcribed. It has been corrected to 1775 and should remain. BJ Swearer ( talk) 07:43, 31 January 2014 (UTC)

Notice also a date written of 1775 written in on the first page of the introduction, which appears to be an annotation. BJ Swearer ( talk) 08:37, 31 January 2014 (UTC)

I deleted the section on first occurrences of the words "deist" and "deism", since it was based on primary sources, and thus constituted original research. The Wikipedia policy of relying on secondary sources for these kind of claims was instituted mainly to prevent this sort of disputes based on individual editors interpretation of sources (in this case the reading of a date). So if no reliable secondary source can be found for the claim of this term first appearing in either 1675 or 1775 or some other year, this stays out of the article. -- Saddhiyama ( talk) 13:30, 31 January 2014 (UTC)

I've been able to do a bit more digging into Bailey's work. Numerous sources indicate that the first publishing was in 1721, though I couldn't find any digital source for this version. AbeBooks is currently listing an original 1721 edition for $764.62, if anyone wants to buy it to see if it contains an entry for "deism". There are several free ebooks available online including the one from 1775 originally cited on this page (which has been noted by at least two other reviewers as having been incorrectly cited to 1675), as well as from the years 1773 1763, 1755, 1731 and 1726 being the earliest. I also found this version from 1731 that does not have an entry for "deism", but does have an entry for "deists" and gives a similar though I think, a more interesting definition: "Deists: a sect among the Christians of most or all denominations, who believe there is one God, a providence, the immortality of the soul, virtue and vice, rewards and punishments; but reject revelation, and believe no more than what natural light discovers to them, and believe no other article of the Christian religion or any other." BJ Swearer ( talk) 19:52, 31 January 2014 (UTC)

p.s. I've yet to figure out how to link the citations... obviously, I'm new to Wikipedia editing. If anyone can fix the references I attempted, I'd much appreciate it. BJ Swearer ( talk) 20:16, 31 January 2014 (UTC)

As a lover of antiquarian books myself I can sympathise with your quest. However your research is unfortunately not acceptable in Wikipedia in that form. The information is pertinent, but we do require the statement from some published scholar regarding this. A Google search for the earliest listing of this word is simply not acceptable, and I am sure you would agree with me that it wouldn't be in a scholarly publication either. I would be surprised if some scholar hasn't covered the earliest use of the term already, so please take your time to uncover that citation, anything else would be a waste of your time. Thanks. -- Saddhiyama ( talk) 01:59, 1 February 2014 (UTC)

This is really quite simple - the linked resources are primary sources, just in digitized form. It doesn't matter that the sources were found via a Google search... that would be like saying that one cannot cite a digital copy of the Declaration of Independence unless they've gone to the Library of Congress and read the original document in person. While not yet published by a 3rd party, I'm not just a mere "lover" of the topic, but rather a formally trained historian (soon to have a Masters in the field). I really don't care whether or not anyone wants to add the info about the historical occurrences of the term "deism" in dictionaries, but factually incorrect information should not be on here. Thus, I'm just glad that the incorrect citation (1675) has been removed as there is no doubt that the source the citation linked to revealed a work published in 1775... whoever first put the citation in there should have actually read the publication info with the text rather than just trust the Google "book info summary" attached to it. To note, I actually have done some in depth research on the matter and self-published an article regarding the topic. Granted, since adding this little bit of extra research, I'm going to have to update that article... BJ Swearer ( talk) 08:14, 1 February 2014 (UTC)

I do have a Masters degree in history as well, however since we rely on secondary sources and not the personal achievements of individual editors it is of little relevance here. -- Saddhiyama ( talk) 12:27, 1 February 2014 (UTC)

The establishing of historical facts relies solely on primary source documentation. You, an advanced degree holder in the science, should know that. If we are attempting to establish the first occurrence of the term "deism" in an English dictionary, all available evidence indicates that the first usage can be confirmed in Nathan Bailey's 1726 publication. Until any further revealing evidence is presented, this should be stated as "fact". I will edit the article to reflect this. BJ Swearer ( talk) 21:25, 1 February 2014 (UTC)

I found a bit more info regarding Edward Phillip's earlier work. The changes have been reflected in the main article. BJ Swearer ( talk) 04:38, 2 February 2014 (UTC)

As a fellow degree holder you should be able to read and understand basic policy. We don't do original research based on primary sources on Wikipedia, that is something for secondary reliable sources, and we in turn use those secondary sources. So again, please refrain from adding your original research to this article. Thanks. -- Saddhiyama ( talk) 00:13, 7 February 2014 (UTC)

Can we get a source on that? I've never read this Orr book, but I have done a fair amount of graduate work on Hobbes. I've also read Rogow's biography of Hobbes. I've never read the claim that Hobbes was a deist. Much more frequently is the charge that he was an atheist. Much of Leviathan is devoted to arguing (tendentiously) that passages in the Bible that seem to contradict Hobbes's metaphysics or political philosophy in fact do not. Were Hobbes a deist, he wouldn't think that the quotations in the Bible are authoritative in the first place, and he wouldn't use them as evidence to support his positions. 68.63.148.22 ( talk) 18:37, 24 June 2014 (UTC)

Seems to me "a rejection of religious knowledge as a source of authority" is either jibberish or backwards. "Rejection of authority as a source of religious truth" seems to make more sense, tho'. I also think "rejection of supposed revelation" is an important characteristic of deism. Both were included in the 1st paragraph long ago, and I see no reason for removal nor for reversal.-- JimWae ( talk) 07:16, 28 March 2015 (UTC)

Perhaps even more sense would be made by "rejection of religious authority as a source of truth"? –  Paine Ellsworth ^CLIMAX! 18:21, 29 March 2015 (UTC)

Rhedrick has made a huge number of changes to the article (in something marked as a minor edit). They are too numerous to discuss all at once. In my view, some of them fail to improve the article. I propose reverting the edit and discussing the significant changes that might lead to disagreement here, taking them one at a time. Taxman1913 ( talk) 07:49, 30 May 2015 (UTC)

The edits have been as massively reverted as they had been initiated. I was also very concerned about many of the edits, especially when I noticed that the "Spiritual deism" section had again been added. Seems like almost a ruse to try to cover up that addition, which has been reverted a time or two. But I'll AGF and wait for the new editor to comment. Thank you, Taxman1913, for your vigilance! –  Paine  03:28, 31 May 2015 (UTC)

Just noticed that this contributor isn't so "new" after all. Another edit, their only other contribution, was reverted with this edit a couple of years ago. –  Paine  03:45, 31 May 2015 (UTC)

It seems obvious that User:Rhedrick took the article back in time, possibly as far as early 2011. This is evidenced by several edits to include the removal of "isms" from the {{ God}} template and the renewal of a {{ contradict-inline}} template that was originally placed in the Overview section in March 2011. That leads me to believe that the username is probably a sock of one of the users who continually try to reinstate the section on spiritual deism. Since that username has only been used for vandalism, it should probably be blocked. –  Paine  13:52, 31 May 2015 (UTC)

Moving this here - unsourced, appears to be original research-y. Bacchiad ( talk) 21:57, 3 January 2015 (UTC)

This section may require cleanup to meet Wikipedia's quality standards. No cleanup reason has been specified. Please help improve this section if you can.

Spiritual deism is the religious and philosophical belief in one indefinable, omnipresent god who is the cause or the substance (or both) of the universe. Spiritual Deists reject all divine revelation, religious dogma, and supernatural events and favor an ongoing personalized connection with the divine presence through intuition, communion with nature, meditation and contemplation. Generally, Spiritual Deists reject the notion that God consciously intervenes in human affairs.

Spiritual deism is extremely general and is not bound by any ideology other than the belief in one indefinable god whose spiritual presence can be felt in nature. As such, spiritual deism is not infected by political principles or partisanship of any kind.

Some Spiritual Deists label themselves " Spiritual But Not Religious".

This is an important category of modern deism, Suggested text for a Spiritual Deism section below Subcategories of modern Deism...

====Spiritual Deism====

Spiritual Deism is a belief in the core principles of classical Deism with an emphasis on spirituality including the connections between humans and each other, nature and God. Within Spiritual Deism, there is an absolute belief in a personal God as the creator of the universe along with the ability to build a spiritual relationship with God through daily prayer and meditation. ^{[1] [2]} While Spiritual Deism is very open-ended, its followers generally believe that there can be no progress for mankind without a belief in a personal God. ^[2] Taxman1913 ( talk) 19:40, 12 January 2015 (UTC)

Since no one has commented on this, I'm incorporating it into the article. Taxman1913 ( talk) 14:37, 10 February 2015 (UTC)

Since both of those sources are evidently unacceptable, the article should be returned to status quo until reliable sources can be found. –  Paine Ellsworth ^CLIMAX! 01:08, 12 February 2015 (UTC)

While I agree that the two sources are not reliable, it seems they should be considered questionable, not unacceptable. The material referenced was written by Spiritual Deists about themselves. It is not unduly self-serving and makes no exceptional claims. It makes no claims about third parties. I see no reason to doubt its authenticity; nothing in the sources conflicts with well-sourced material in the article about Deism as a whole. The Deism article is not based primarily on these questionable sources. Based on the sources meeting these criteria described in the self-published and questionable sources as sources on themselves in the identifying reliable sources guideline, it seems appropriate to keep the information about Spiritual Deism based on these questionable sources in the article until better-sourced references can be found. Taxman1913 13:40, 12 February 2015 (UTC)

I would keep this material out of the article if there are no reliable sources referring to it. Classical Deism has nothing to do with a personal god and this all sounds more like just new age spiritualism that has not much to with Deism itself. warshy ^(¥¥) 14:00, 12 February 2015 (UTC)

I tend to agree. As a huge fan of Paine, I do know that Deism has little if anything to do with belief in a personal god. When that belief is present, then it's no longer "Deism" – it becomes some other form of faith. I have returned the article to status quo pending further discussion and WP:RS discovery. –  Paine Ellsworth ^CLIMAX! 19:43, 12 February 2015 (UTC)

Very apt observation about "Deism" not being longer real Deism. I'd say, in fact, that whereas spiritualism may be some "other form of faith," Deism is more an un-faith than a "faith" properly speaking. This so called "Spiritual Deism" is actually a total reversal on its head of classic Deism, and as such it is better kept out of here as long as possible, barred some reliable sources that would determine otherwise. Thanks for returning the article to status quo in the meantime. warshy ^(¥¥) 20:06, 12 February 2015 (UTC)

The effort I made to differentiate a questionable source from what was incorrectly called an unacceptable source has been for naught. My comments were flatly ignored, and my edit was reverted without any meaningful attempt to discuss the issue. This reversion seems to, in part, reflect a bias as to what should and should not be regarded as Deism.

Looking at the article's lede, we see the definition: Deism...combines a rejection of religious knowledge as a source of authority with the conclusion that reason and observation of the natural world are sufficient to determine the existence of a single creator of the universe. How does Spiritual Deism not fit into that definition? Where does it say that Deism includes the rejection of the existence of a personal god? The definition given in the article's lede is an excellent one; it is sufficiently descriptive yet broad enough to encompass many types of thought. There is absolutely no doubt that Paine is one of the most important thinkers in the history of Deism. However, he was not the Deist Pope, and if others disagree with him, it doesn't force a conclusion that either he or they are wrong. In fact, I think Paine would be delighted to see how people in this day and age have taken the core foundations of Deism and thought about what it means to them resulting in a variety of worldviews all based on Classical Deism.

In contrast to the views expressed on this talk page that "Deism has little if anything to do with belief in a personal god", I would say that Classical Deism does contemplate belief in a personal god but does not generally believe in a relationship with God. This is an important distinction, and it is the relationship that is the primary element separating Spiritual Deists from Classical Deists, not the belief in a personal god. Lord Edward Herbert believed that "there is one Supreme God, and He ought to be worshiped." See González, Justo L., The Story of Christianity Volume 2: The Reformation to the Present Day, page 190, HarperCollins Publishers, New York City, 1985, ISBN: 978-0-06-063316-5. Just as Paine's words merit great attention, so do those of Lord Edward Herbert, universally regarded as the Father of English Deism. So the question is how could Lord Edward Herbert have thought God ought to be worshiped without believing in a personal god? He saw living a virtuous and pious life as the primary means of worshiping God. In other words, he saw worship as something expressed through the way people treat God's creation: other people, animals and nature. At a very basic level, Spiritual Deism is a modern application of these concepts with the added element of frequent prayer and meditation which creates a relationship with the Almighty. Just as Paine would be proud of these folks for thinking for themselves, Lord Edward Herbert would be proud as well.

The article is about Deism, not Classical Deism. There is much diversity in how Deism is understood by its adherents. Panendeists also contemplate a personal relationship with God. Should the section describing those beliefs be removed as well? Pandeists do not believe a personal God currently exists since God became the universe when he created it. This conflicts with Lord Edward Herbert's assertion that a personal god currently exists. Should references to pandeism also be removed as not real Deists? Frankly, the reversion of the edit describing Spiritual Deism looks like a witch hunt for apostates. Taxman1913 ( talk) 13:04, 13 February 2015 (UTC)

You just expressed your POV, as I had done earlier expressing my own POV. We disagree. However, neither my POV nor yours really matter here. Wikipedia writes articles that reflect a neutral POV (NPOV), and in order to achieve that, it uses RS - reliable sources. Your long essay above did not advance anything in terms of reliable sources. In a sensitive matter that involves actually personal beliefs, I don't think we should be using "questionable sources." As I said above, barred some reliable sources that would determine otherwise, the exclusion of the material is absolutely justified, in my view, and should stand. [Your indentation above confuses me, but I refrained from changing it.] Regards, warshy ^(¥¥) 17:44, 13 February 2015 (UTC)

To editor Taxman1913: First, allow me to say that your views are being read, so please don't think you're being ignored in any way. Even a quick scan of the article should give one pause before including any kind of personal relationship with a god. That just isn't Deism, neither classical nor modern. It is that very lack of a personal relationship that makes this faith attractive to those who become disenchanted with how religion has screwed this world, and especially to those who are in leadership and who absolutely must find ways to keep church and state separated. I don't even understand the name or what "Spiritual Deists" could possibly be about. It seems to imply that, except for them, there is no spiritualism in Deism, which is a serious flaw. Do you think that modern Deists are not "spiritual", with the exception of this little sect? Even Thomas Paine knew and wrote of the natural aspects of the creator and its relationship with the human spirit. Of course, I suppose we must be careful with that word, "spirit", since it can mean more than one thing to different people. I would love to continue to discuss this, but this talk page is not the place to do it. The bottom line for me is that, as warshy pointed out, your POV, my POV, anyone's POV has no place here except where it will or might improve this article on Deism. I personally find your description (and I'm very sorry it had to be removed) beautiful, attractive in many ways, and yet too much like those religions that lead to huge followings and organized, "acceptable" murder, such as found during War. So rather than try to convince us with your essays, just find some reliable sources that will support the claims. A word about sources – as editors we are allowed to disagree on terms like "questionable" and "unnacceptable" when it comes to sources, but we shouldn't disagree about policies and guidelines forged over many years of disagreement and consensus. You will always find someone who makes no distinction between "questionable" and "unacceptable" when it comes to controversial claims in articles to which they are custodial. If there really is such a thing as "Spiritual Deism" that is as you described, then there should be something important and empowering written on the subject. Find that written something and I will add the claim back into the article for you! –  Paine Ellsworth ^CLIMAX! 01:48, 15 February 2015 (UTC)

I'm sorry it took me so long to respond to this. My primary disappointment was not that we disagreed; it was that there was a discussion on this talk page on which I had commented, and changes were made without addressing my comments about questionable versus unacceptable sources. It seemed that the primary reason for deleting my text had been a conclusion drawn that Spiritual Deism is not really Deism. I completely disagree with that, as I described above. You've now addressed them, and I agree to disagree. I still think the sources are questionable, and you think they're unacceptable, and that is all ok. In the interest of full disclosure, I consider myself a practicing Spiritual Deist. Frankly, I don't like the idea of citing that Yahoo Group, because there are many comments of a blatantly racist nature frequently posted there. But I found no better source to define it. I haven't been able to find a source that would not be questioned, and this may be because there are too few people practicing this. That may indicate that the sect itself isn't even notable enough to merit mentioning in the article, a point which is moot right now. While I can see a conclusion being drawn that use of the term Spiritual Deist implies that all other Deists are not spiritual, I don't think this is the intention. Rather than the descriptive adjective being exclusionary, it is emphatic. Thank you both for responding. Taxman1913 ( talk) 07:45, 30 May 2015 (UTC)

It's a pleasure, Taxman1913! I just reread the above comments and I have a question for you. I understand that the purpose of putting the descriptive adjective in front of "deism" is for emphasis and not for exclusion; however (and since you've outied as a spiritual deist), perhaps you can explain how exactly is a spiritual deist different from a, well, a regular/plain/usually-no-adjective deist? Deists already emphasize that spirit is an important part of deism, so why would such emphasis as you express even be necessary? I think for most people who know anything about deism, for someone to say that they're a "spiritual deist" would just mean to them that the someone is just a deist who places more emphasis than usual on the "spiritual". In other words, "spiritual" is not meant to be a part of a name of a type of deism, it is just deism with emphasis on one aspect of deism. So what is it about this emphasis that calls people such as yourself to seem to separate yourselves from other deists? so much so that there is a need to name a whole different type of deism, such as has been done with pandeism, which has its own article, and panendeism, which does not? –  Paine  14:45, 31 May 2015 (UTC)

@ Paine Ellsworth: The primary distinguishing characteristic is the lifetime development of a personal relationship with God through daily prayer and meditation. These prayers are never supplicative. That would make Spiritual Deists something other than Deists, since it inherently assumes God might intercede on our behalf if we ask nicely. The prayers express gratitude to the Creator for that which has been provided for us. This includes everything in our lives from things as simple as daily meals to our relationships with other people. No, God didn't go to the grocery store, buy the food and prepare it. But our ability to do those things and earn the money to pay for it comes from God. The daily prayer is tantamount to a personal reflection about the gifts we have received from God and the good they have brought into our lives. Over the course of a lifetime, this may build a spiritual relationship with God, as we make the Creator just as much a part of our daily lives as our family and friends. I say "may", because I have no way to know whether this will work for everyone. The relationship is not reciprocal in the present. We understand that the gifts we receive from God are part of His plan set in motion eons ago. We do not look for signs in our daily lives to indicate that God is showing us favor in return for our prayers, and we do not interpret positive things that happen in our lives in that way.

The daily prayer is a form of worship which is not inconsistent with Lord Edward Herbert's assertion that "there is one Supreme God, and He ought to be worshiped." This leads to the question of the nature of God. In Spiritual Deism, God is viewed as a personal God with whom a relationship is possible and encouraged. However, the relationship is essentially unilateral in the present, because we do not expect a response or sign from God. This really splits hairs about what the meaning of the term "personal god" truly is and whether the "relationship" contemplated by Spiritual Deists can truly be regarded as a relationship, even if the presence of God is truly felt during prayer. This is not the personal god contemplated by the Abrahamic faiths who is constantly asked to intervene, believed to have done so, sends prophets and even gets angry. But how can you pray to or worship a force that is outside the bounds of being a person? If Lord Edward Herbert thought God ought to be worshiped, it follows that he must have seen God as a sentient being and not an impersonal force. It just wouldn't make sense to worship something like the wind. There must be a being to receive the worship.

For me personally, although prayer is an important component of how we worship God, it is not the highest form of worship. I return to Lord Edward Herbert who said that virtue and piety are the chief parts of divine worship. I haven't seen this notion expressed precisely in the way I do by others purporting to practice Spiritual Deism. But I see it as a core tenet of any form of Deism. What better way could there be to express our appreciation for God's creation than to treat it well? Our actions carry far more weight than our words and thoughts. This starts with the way we treat our fellow human beings, God's greatest creation, and extends to other creatures, other living things, the earth and the universe. This is what ultimately defines us; engaging in daily prayer and meditation giving thanks to the Creator for things which our actions indicate we do not appreciate is hypocrisy. Daily prayer and meditation may help us feel closer to God and strengthen our resolve. But our actions remain our own responsibility. This is a major issue I have with the Spiritual-Deism Yahoo! group where racist white-supremacist views are often expressed. In my view, those who hold such beliefs are hypocrites.

I don't think Spiritual Deism, given its difference with the mainstream, can or should be restricted to a classical monotheistic understanding. I see no reason why there cannot be Spiritual Polydeists or Spiritual Panendeists. Spiritual Pandeism and Spiritual Scientific Deism would constitute contradictions in terms. I hope this has been helpful. Taxman1913 ( talk) 22:30, 31 May 2015 (UTC)

But the reason Panendeism has no page all its own here is simply that it seems to exist no earlier than 1995, and not to have terribly caught on in the past two decades. Pandeism has been around in some formulation or other since the late 1700s. Google "Spiritual Pandeism" or "Spiritual Pandeist" and you'll garner results; there are none for "Spiritual Panendeism".... Pandeist ( talk) 08:05, 1 June 2015 (UTC)

@ Pandeist: I had not previously given much thought to the existence of Spiritual InsertAdjectiveHere Deists before Paine Ellsworth raised the question in the discussion above. As I said above, I don't think Spiritual Deists have any intention of staking a claim to the right of exclusive use of the word spiritual, and Paine has previously correctly stated that the word could have many different contexts. What I've found from searching as you suggested is that Spiritual Pandeists distinguish themselves from other Pandeists primarily by their belief that God created and became the universe in order to share in the experience of all He created, because it was impossible for Him to have these experiences and learn from them without doing so. If I've got this understanding correct, then it has nothing to do with the context in which I used the word spiritual in my above description of Spiritual Deism. So, I suppose my statement above should have said, "Spiritual Pandeism and Spiritual Scientific Deism would constitute contradictions in terms within the confines of the context I've applied to the word spiritual in my description of Spiritual Deism." Am I correct about this? Do Spiritual Pandeists typically engage in daily prayer and meditation with the objective of building a relationship with God? If so, this is difficult for me to understand, since they believe that they themselves are a part of God. It would seem to me that Spiritual Pandeists would regard every contact they have with other people, creatures, plants, mountains, lakes and streams to be contacts with God. So, what would be the need to build a relationship with God when one interacts with God every minute of the day?

Yes, I agree with you that Panendeism is in its infancy. I have no idea how large or small a following it has. I recall finding a Website long ago describing it comprehensively. It seemed to have been created by the person who developed Panendeism. In contrast, I am aware that Pandeism is much older, and I don't dispute your 18th century assertion. I'm not sure Panendeism has enough followers to make it notable enough to merit its own Wikipedia article. I don't know whether there is a way to determine that. Frankly, the same could be said of Spiritual Deism. Unlike Pandeists, Panendeists believe that the Creator remains a sentient being. As such, Panendeists could conceivably pray to such being. Taxman1913 ( talk) 03:17, 2 June 2015 (UTC)

I am actually so glad you have asked these questions -- the right questions, I think. I firstly would never conceive of begrudging any other philosophy the right to describe the spirituality of their view. Now, when we speak of "Spiritual InsertAdjectiveHere Deists" we must remember that "Deism" is metatheory, and that when you think of the prototypical Deist you are likely conceiving of one adhering to Monodeism (there being one Creator, distinct from our Universe). Now as to the question, "do Spiritual Pandeists typically engage in daily prayer and meditation with the objective of building a relationship with God?" Well I'd surely venture that for any type of Deist (as with many types of theist) this varies by the person; one may believe in a certain state of things being the theological order of our Universe and not act accordingly, as seen by the many theistic believers in an intervening deity who nonetheless don't pray daily.

But as to the reasoning supporting prayer (or meditation), for the Spiritual Pandeist it would be considered thusly: we are all part of our Creator, and so some fragment of our Creator, of its wisdom and its capacities, is within each of us. And though it may not be presently conscious and intervening that does not mean we cannot benefit from its presence within us. Verily, one would tell you that if Jesus and Muhammad and Arjuna and the Buddha were able to perform miracles at all, or to serve as founts of preternatural wisdom, it is precisely because they, perhaps without even realizing this was what they were doing, were exercising an unusual talent for tapping into the divine becoming underlying all things, and all of us. This is the connection which we may achieve with our Creator, through meditation (prayer is essentially the meditative force sent outward). Now as to the next question, "do Pandeists regard every contact they have with other people, creatures, plants, mountains, lakes and streams to be contacts with God"? This addresses the pantheistic element of Pandeism, but makes the error of conflating the fragment of a thing with the thing itself. Consider this: you are you, and your hair is part of you; if you get a haircut, the cut hairs could be called "fragments" of you, but you would not consider contacts with them to be the same as contacts with you. Even your individual brain cells are not you. And each of us is a far smaller fragment of our Universe than any cell in our brains or bodies. Now, we are not inconsequential either, because, of all the things in our environment, we alone reason and contemplate, and we alone have the capacity to accelerate our own future evolutionary path, until we do indeed become far more "godlike" in our own right. So, summing up, we do not outwardly "pray," precisely because the fruitful direction of those energies is into meditation, directed towards what is within.

And lastly, as to the ages of ideas.... well, F.E. Peters and Max B. Weinstein would insist that Pandeism (subsumed in other philosophies) is thousands of years old. And perhaps Panendeism has as-yet undiscovered earlier antecedents as well. For Pandeism, early uses of the word itself are not so clearly delineated (a circumstance shared with "Deism" and "Pantheism" as well, naturally), and so some arguments have arisen, did people speaking of Pandeism (or " Pandeismus" or " Pandeismo") 150 or 200 years ago or more really mean something more pantheistic or more panentheistic or what have you, but perhaps time hones terms. I would add as well, I do not begrudge Panendeism its philosophical legitimacy over its comparative newness -- all ideas are at some time new ideas. But the Pandeist might still propose that, if a pandeistic account fully accounts for all proof observed in our Universe, then the principle of parsimony weighs against presuming any unnecessary, unobservable thing to exist outside our Universe. Blessings!! Pandeist ( talk) 06:35, 4 June 2015 (UTC)

Thank you, Taxman1913, for helping me to understand all this! You too, Pandeist – I suppose the goal for a given set of beliefs of becoming celebrated and notable enough to be included in an encyclopedia would be secondary to the development of those beliefs within ourselves. Most major belief systems seem to have had adherents who experienced a "divine event(s)" that, for others, was a form of third-party, hearsay evidence. That is what makes it so difficult – to pick one set of beliefs and to accept its tenets as one's own. How does one know that one has chosen the right one? Is there a "wrong" one? Are they all wrong with only one exception? And, of course, which is the exception(s)? I read what I just wrote and see that I'm beginning to sound like an atheist or an agnostic, neither of which pulls me in. Thank you again for shedding light on the subjects of pandeism, panendeism and deism, spiritual or with no adjective. Here's wishing the best of everything to you and yours! –  Paine  17:26, 6 June 2015 (UTC)

Thank you, Pandeist, for the detailed explanation. It is clear that word "spiritual" is being used differently in the phrase Spiritual Deist compared with Spiritual Pandeist, and the approach to prayer or meditation is different. I have enjoyed learning more about Pandeism. Taxman1913 ( talk) 05:04, 8 June 2015 (UTC)

And thank you, for the uplifting conversation. I'll take a stab at Paine's question as well..... How, indeed, does one know that one has chosen the "right" one? Noteworthy here is that in any kind of Deism, we do not require a deity's communication of a revelation or other such intervention in the affairs of our Universe. It could best be put that Deism discerns a Creator great enough to set forth our exact Universe to operate just as it ought without needing any intervention. So how do Deists know of Deism at all? By reasoned examination of our Universe. And so one may discern which belief system is most likely to be true by determining which is the most parsimonious explanation, in accordance with fundamental logic. Pandeist ( talk) 04:06, 9 June 2015 (UTC)

Random subheader

Hmm – I guess the part of what you say , Pandeist, that makes even Deism feel "random" is the "reasoned examination of our Universe". Here we are, stuck on a relatively tiny rock (no offense, Gaia) that is an oasis in a dangerous, aggressive universe. Any reasoned examination of said universe must be extremely limited at best, so I really don't see any firm basis in logic from which to draw evidential conclusions. Maybe it's just me, but how can one examine this megavast universe from this space pebble and learn anything at all about the creator that would, say, turn the head of an atheist? I'm all for "believing" and "faith", but I have to admit that it would be nice to have some evidence to sink my teeth into. –  Paine  11:35, 12 June 2015 (UTC)

@ Paine Ellsworth: In my view, there are two possible paths that led to you and I having this conversation. The first involves the random smashing of atoms into one another and the resulting chain of evolution it set off. The second is that a Creator set all that in motion as part of a plan that is far beyond our comprehension. Admittedly, the second explanation requires a leap of faith without proof. But upon closer examination, we ought to consider the likelihood of the first possibility before simply accepting it. What are the odds that without a plan, human beings could have evolved from single-cell organisms after the Big Bang? While we are part of the web of life on this planet, we also have the capacity to completely dominate (and destroy) it in a way that far exceeds that of any other creature. This didn't simply arise in recent times; we have dominated the planet for millennia. Our ability to reason is far beyond that of any other creature in this world. We also have the capacity to act in contravention of our natural instincts to survive and preserve our species. This allows us to do kind things for others even if they will not meet either of those objectives. While many animals protect their young and organize themselves into families or communities, we have an unlimited capacity to love even those outside our community and even outside our species. We are the only creatures that possess the ability to someday leave this planet and establish communities on other worlds. All these things taken together could be the result of some random smashing of atoms. But it appears that the more likely answer is that we have been put here for a purpose by a Higher Power. If our only purpose were survival and propagation, why would we have evolved into such emotional beings when that clearly works to our disadvantage? In my opinion, God wants us to experience these emotions, or we would not have them. I don't have any proof, and I don't know the reason. But none of that matters. We all know that love brings us joy. Perhaps it brings God joy as well. Kindness may be the deepest expression of love. We have a tremendous responsibility as stewards of this world. Treating God's creation including other animals, plants and the earth with kindness is how we can show appreciation to the Creator for all He has given us. The leap of faith needed to embrace Deism is infinitesimal compare with asserting atheism. Taxman1913 ( talk) 15:13, 12 June 2015 (UTC)

As an avid student of perhaps the first 'Pantheist' (Spinoza has been called many other names too, much less glamorous than that particular one) in modern Western culture, I think he may have said that this conversation is certainly part of god or of nature, however you prefer to call it. And it is only happening because it is possible within the attributes of this Deus sive Natura's infinite substance. As for any 'plans' it may have had, they would be unfathomable to us human beings anyhow, I would think. I am also trying to think if I know anything about what he may have said about a "creator" at all? I guess, this is the next question I will try to answer to myself in this matter. If I come up with a reasonable answer to it, I may add it here later. warshy ^(¥¥) 19:08, 12 June 2015 (UTC)

@ User:Paine Ellsworth, allow me to confront head on the proposition that we occupy "an oasis in a dangerous, aggressive universe." Imagine for a moment that you are a being capable of creating a Universe, and wish to create one from which intelligent life will come about. But imagine that your power is not absolute, but instead of encompassing the ability to plop down fully-formed already evolved life forms here and there, is limited to the setting forth of only the initial physics of a Universe. Knowing that ingelligent life must be molecularly complex, and that requisite molecular complexity requires heavy elements, you would need to create a Universe which has natural forges of sufficient power to rend heavy elements out of light ones -- a Universe of stars. And the power necessary for this rending is power which would be dangerous to those very molecules if they did not form at a sufficient distance from the stars which formed their atoms. Compare the deliberate human act of agency of making fire. If one saw a fire, one might think, fires are dangerous to humans so an intelligent human cannot have made so dangerous a thing intentionally; and yet we intentionally make fire all the time to serve our purposes, which are served by ourselves staying a safe distance from the flames even as we benefit from them. So, too, with that great ball of fire above us. The dangerousness of our Universe is simply what necessarily goes along with the productive capacity of our Universe. And as for observation, I would contend that we are able to see deeply into the ends of our Universe, and since physics is universal, are able to crack its underlying coding from most any vantage point. Blessings!! Pandeist ( talk) 19:51, 12 June 2015 (UTC)

Right now the quote-unquote page image for Deism is a pic of a book about Confucious. Surely we can perch something more germane atop this range? Pandeist ( talk) 20:08, 17 May 2016 (UTC)

Seriously? The first deist organization since Paine? Some of these claims are entirely unsourced and unbelievable. They are also most certainly not NPOV. 66.108.17.70 ( talk) 18:51, 6 January 2016 (UTC)

Can you list and document any Deism organizations that existed before the World Union of Deists on April 10, 1993?

When I became a Deist in 1984 I searched for several years everywhere I could think of for books on Deism and for Deist organizations. The only books I found were by Thomas Paine, Ethan Allen and Elihu Palmer as well as a scholarly work by Peter Byrne, Natural Religion and the Nature of Religion: The Legacy of Deism. I could not find any Deist organization at all. Here's the link for a Google search for Deist organizations which shows the World Union of Deists being the oldest, which strongly indicates there were not any Deist organizations prior to the WUD: https://www.google.com/webhp?sourceid=chrome-instant&ion=1&espv=2&ie=UTF-8#q=Deist+organizations . Bob Johnson, World Union of Deists, www.deism.com — Preceding unsigned comment added by 24.92.30.44 ( talk) 18:24, 16 July 2016 (UTC)

Yes, there is blatant advertising "In 1993, Bob Johnson established the first Deist organization since the days of Thomas Paine and Elihu Palmer" should at the very least be written "In 1993, Bob Johnson established the first widely known Deist organization since the days of Thomas Paine and Elihu Palmer". The current text clearly comes off as bias and unscholarly. 151.207.250.61 ( talk) 20:25, 8 August 2016 (UTC)

They acknowledged Jefferson broke with Christianity as he grew and that his deism was aligned with that of Henry St John, 1st Viscount Bolingbroke and Anthony Ashley Cooper, 3rd Earl of Shaftesbury. [1] — Preceding unsigned comment added by 2601:447:4100:1692:2414:63EC:14F0:3AF7 ( talk) 16:41, 9 December 2016 (UTC)

Your point? It is already acknowledged in the article. Christian deism doesnt mean what you think it does. Apollo The Logician ( talk) 16:44, 9 December 2016 (UTC)

Sorry comrade, but you need to read the Monticello article for yourself. Your definition of Christian deism doesn't match Jefferson. I know how hard it is to accept that a slave-owner was not a Christian. 2601:447:4100:1692:2414:63EC:14F0:3AF7 ( talk) —Preceding undated comment added 16:58, 9 December 2016 (UTC)

Did you actually read the Christian deism article? Why would that be hard to accept? Apollo The Logician ( talk) 17:00, 9 December 2016 (UTC)

Because Jefferson was not at all a Christian Deist. They look to mainly Christ's values, whereas Jefferson played agnostic and looked randomly. While his deist influences Bolingbroke and Shaftesbury where aligned with the Anglican Church's war with the Papacy, they were not Christian Deists either. 2601:447:4100:1692:2414:63EC:14F0:3AF7 ( talk) 17:12, 9 December 2016 (UTC)

"Christian deism, in the philosophy of religion, is a standpoint that branches from Christianity. It refers to a deist who believes in the moral teachings—but not divinity—of Jesus. " This is from the christian deism page. Apollo The Logician ( talk) 17:15, 9 December 2016 (UTC)

Sorry, but that is only part of Jefferson's deism. Why don't you read the Monticello article for yourself. 2601:447:4100:1692:2414:63EC:14F0:3AF7 ( talk) 17:21, 9 December 2016 (UTC)

You said it yourself he denied Jesus' divinity. Apollo The Logician ( talk) 17:21, 9 December 2016 (UTC)

I'm not seeing how this has any relevance to this article. The Monticello articles doesn't claim he held deist positions. Mangoe ( talk) 20:48, 9 December 2016 (UTC)

I had raised questions regarding the amount of weight given to contemporary forms of deism earlier on this page, as can be found at Talk:Deism/Archive 6#Contemporary deism. I would welcome any input from any of you regarding the concerns expressed there. Thank you. John Carter ( talk) 19:37, 30 November 2016 (UTC)

According to the List of deists page, modern deists, excluding who you listed above include physicist, Andrei Sakharov, Guitarist Brett Gurewitz, physicist Luis Walter Alvarez, writer Martin Gardner, physicist, Max Born and some others. I'm sure there are interviews where they discuss their views on deism. This would help form a better picture of contemporary deism. According to this website http://www.deism.com/deismbook.htm the book Deism: A Revolution in Religion, A Revolution in You is by the founder of the World Union of Deists.

Apollo The Logician ( talk) 20:10, 30 November 2016 (UTC)

None of that, however, seems to address the concerns I asked. We cannot use our own pages as sources, so the list of deists is not a source. And a website called "deism.com" can hardly be seen as being an independent reliable source as per WP:RS. There are I believe extremely serious issues regarding WP:WEIGHT regarding the material on contemporary deism in this article, and as I said before I would welcome concerns regarding that issue among others. John Carter ( talk) 20:13, 30 November 2016 (UTC)

I didn't intend to use it as a source, I think you've missed my point. My point was that contemporary deists themselves (those listed above) would be able to give insights on contemporary desim if they have given interviews on the topic or spoken about it. Deism.com is the website of the World Union of Deists. Apollo The Logician ( talk) 20:39, 30 November 2016 (UTC)

And you seem to be missing my point, which is that so far as I can tell there are no independent sources on the topic of contemporary deism. And, honestly, there are a huge number of very small religious groups with little or no notability in their own right which claim, in some form, to be a continuation of earlier groups. We, as an encyclopedia, have little if any interest in any such clearly biased sources. Nor are we particularly obliged to provide "insight" into what might be, according to the independent sources meeting WP:RS standards, marginally if at all notable groups and their beliefs in an article whose title is, according to the reference sources I know of, used to discuss only the much more notable older group or movement. If the World Union of Deists is sufficiently notable for its own article, and right now the link at that name it is just a redirect to this article, and it speaks for that modern deism, that material would certainly be reasonable to add material regarding it there, but not necessarily here. John Carter ( talk) 20:56, 30 November 2016 (UTC)

At the very minimum, claims that so-and-so modern person was/is a deist need to be sourced to quotations from said person, possibly to independent biographers analyzing their statements. Looking at Martin Gardner's autobiography, for instance, although he included himself in a larger group of "philosophical theists" which subsumes the deists, it's not clear that he considered himself a deist, and some of what he says might be considered in contradiction to deistic views of an earlier age. Mangoe ( talk) 18:24, 5 December 2016 (UTC)

I for one agree with John Carter that all references to contemporary Deism should be streamlined to the bare minimum that is warranted by reliable sources. Deism is a historic philosophical concept, and the WP article should be mainly concerned with this specific historical concept. Any contemporary thinking about historic philosophical streams of thought only dilute the historical importance of the topic into current developments that cannot be documented with any historical accuracy through reliable sources. warshy ^(¥¥) 18:57, 5 December 2016 (UTC)

One other question, admittedly one I don't myself really want to ask because of possible claims that I might be pushing a POV of some sort myself, is whether we would have any basis of perhaps through OR/SYNTH if required indicating that at least some of the modern deism might be described in the extant article Moralistic therapeutic deism. I sincerely doubt any modern deists want to be described as such, and I haven't read the work itself to see if any groups or individuals are specifically listed there, but that does seem to be at least one form of currently active deism which has been described by independent reliable sources. I guess the question would be whether any of these non-notable deist groups have been described as such, or whether their tenets are similar or identical to those of moralistic therapeutic deism.

I suppose another question is the broad question of whether any internet based organization whose members cannot be accurately determined by independent sources is or should be notable. Groups like these, which apparently have no really obvious organizational structure and no obvious "observances" or independently verifiable group activities, could well be huge, and reasonably deserving of attention on that basis if true, or maybe just one or two people with not much to do but use an army of socks to give the impression that they are big when they might not be. That sort of thing might become more significant and frequent as the years go on. John Carter ( talk) 19:33, 5 December 2016 (UTC)

Leave WTD out of the article except as a "see also". He didn't mean these people were deists per se, only that they didn't have much truck with miracles. Mangoe ( talk) 21:40, 5 December 2016 (UTC)

I haven't myself read that article in years, so I'll take your word on it. John Carter ( talk) 21:41, 5 December 2016 (UTC)

• I've been away a while and the article has gone to hell. All the modern stuff is sourced with primary sources or broken links. I'm about 1 inch away from doing some wholesale deleting since there aren't proper sources and it looks bad, and the information itself is highly questionable. Dennis Brown - 2¢ 16:59, 10 May 2017 (UTC)
  • Agreeing with this and with John Carter and warshy. Astounding that so historical a topic has so many references that are just "some homemade website on the internet." Hyperbolick ( talk) 17:09, 10 May 2017 (UTC)
  • Section on Panendeism (sourced to self-published websites) has been deleted, so nominating the redirect pointing there for deletion, Wikipedia:Redirects for discussion/Log/2017 May 10‎#Panendeism. Found nothing supporting this as a real thing after searching for days. Hyperbolick ( talk) 17:40, 10 May 2017 (UTC)
    • I am surprised it ever got in there. One newspaper article to lay claim to a slew of exceptional WP:BLP claims, and the rest nothing but WP:SYNTH and WP:PRIMARY sources. 18:02, 10 May 2017 (UTC)
      • Surprised it is in a lot of places. Every one with the same lack of any verifiable/reliable sources. Hyperbolick ( talk) 18:18, 10 May 2017 (UTC)

Hello fellow Wikipedians,

I have just modified 3 external links on Deism. Please take a moment to review my edit. If you have any questions, or need the bot to ignore the links, or the page altogether, please visit this simple FaQ for additional information. I made the following changes:

• Added archive https://web.archive.org/web/20150319174959/http://www.common-place.org/interim/reviews/dilorenzo.shtml to http://www.common-place.org/interim/reviews/dilorenzo.shtml#.VV90HvlViko
• Added archive https://web.archive.org/web/20110711171250/http://www.historycarper.com/resources/twobf2/provdnc.htm to http://www.historycarper.com/resources/twobf2/provdnc.htm
• Added archive https://web.archive.org/web/20110709082644/http://www.gc.cuny.edu/faculty/research_briefs/aris/key_findings.htm to http://www.gc.cuny.edu/faculty/research_briefs/aris/key_findings.htm

When you have finished reviewing my changes, please set the checked parameter below to true or failed to let others know (documentation at {{ Sourcecheck}}).

Y An editor has reviewed this edit and fixed any errors that were found.

• If you have discovered URLs which were erroneously considered dead by the bot, you can report them with this tool.
• If you found an error with any archives or the URLs themselves, you can fix them with this tool.

Cheers.— InternetArchiveBot ( Report bug) 07:54, 10 December 2016 (UTC) –   Paine Ellsworth   ^put'r there  09:16, 7 June 2017 (UTC)

Should the opening of the paragraph of the article disclose that deists see God as the uncaused First Cause of the Universe? Vorbee ( talk) 10:26, 31 August 2018 (UTC)

Sounds good. Added it. Hyperbolick ( talk) 14:57, 1 September 2018 (UTC)

Should be a sidebar for Deism as there is for Catholicism, Capitalism/ Socialism. Between subsets and prominent thinkers, plenty of articles to connect. Hyperbolick ( talk) 13:08, 27 September 2018 (UTC)

Surely to say that 19th Century intellectuals became "disenchanted with organized religion and orthodox teachings such as ... Biblical inerrancy ..." is a misnomer if not completely anachronistic! BAPhilp ( talk) 01:22, 28 March 2018 (UTC)

• You need to provide more information. The idea that Biblical inerrancy is problematic wasn't limited to just 19th Century intellectuals, and in fact, is shared by at least some Christians now, who view the bible as a guide, inspired by divinity, but not without contradiction and error. The entire Protestant movement was based on similar grounds, that the Papacy wasn't infallible. So without providing some context or sourcing or something to give more guidance as to your meaning, I don't see how your comment is actionable. Dennis Brown - 2¢ 15:39, 28 March 2018 (UTC)

The phrase is anachronistic, but not the concept. The term "Biblical inerrancy" and the idea that Biblical inerrancy is a doctrine of (some versions of Christianity) didn't arise until after the truth of the Bible was challenged in the modern era. Certain forms of Biblical literalism (e.g., insisting that the only possible interpretation of Genesis 1 involves six 24-hour days) are of recent vintage. On the other hand, virtually all Christian church leaders and theologians from the early Church until the enlightenment took the stories in the Bible from Genesis 12 onward to be literally true (including the miracles in the Exodus story, the Jonah story, the virginal conception of Jesus, Jesus' miracles). And the Enlightenment critics of Christianity (including, but not limited to, Deists) disbelieved in these miracles and stressed that this was one of their main disagreements with Christians. — Lawrence King ^{( talk)} 20:16, 28 March 2018 (UTC)

I'd have to agree with all of that, Lawrence King! It's the anachronism that I think is misleading, considering the term "Biblical inerrancy" is so loaded nowadays — especially when it's sandwiched with the Trinity and miracles ("orthodox teachings such as the Trinity, Biblical inerrancy, and the supernatural interpretation of events, such as miracles..."). The sentence is hard to unjumble, though: perhaps "disenchanted with organized religion and the Bible, and with orthodox teachings such as the Trinity, and the supernatural interpretation of events, such as miracles." That would list two rejected authorities first, followed by two examples of teaching. BAPhilp ( talk) 21:56, 3 May 2018 (UTC)

The sentence in question: "Typically, these had been raised as Christians and believed in one God, but they had become disenchanted with organized religion and orthodox teachings such as the Trinity, Biblical inerrancy, and the supernatural interpretation of events, such as miracles.[6]" Yes, it is clearly incorrect to place the question of Biblical inerrancy as being a major concern so early in history, as it was a non-issue at the time. It became an issue in the US with the Evangelical Fundamentalists, who broke away from traditional Christianity in roughly the 1800s. The Wikipedia entry on Biblical inerrancy explains this quite well. Traditionally, the Bible was considered to be authoritative in a general way about moral and religious questions, but not inerrant on a verse-by-verse basis, especially concerning the dates of historical events, and so on. Even the KJV states - often - that some manuscripts have an added verse, a different ending to a story, etc., and so the concept of "inerrancy" never made sense to start with. Before the invention of the printing press, all manuacripts, including Plato, Homer, et al, were hand-copied, and the existence of copying errors was a well-known fact of life that was accepted as a given. But if I correct the sentence, it is a given that it will be reverted, but it would be nice if someone were to fix it. 77Mike77 ( talk) 20:56, 24 November 2018 (UTC)

This article, especially in the introductory paragraphs, spends much more time than it should on "modern deism", when "modern deism" is not much more than a few highly vocal guys with an axe to grind and a few scattered web sites with pretentious names.

The essence of deism is its epistemology (theory of knowledge) which arose out of the concern for the foundations of knowledge that was part of the enlightenment (see Descartes). That theory of knowledge was held almost universally by European philosophers and theologians from the time of Descartes and Herbert of Cherbury (early 1600s) through Kant and up to today. That theory holds that there are three basic sources (or possible sources) of knowledge: (1) experience, and reasoning about experience (the argument from design, the watchmaker argument), (2) innate ideas or truths that are imprinted on our mind and are self-evident (the light of nature) and (3) revelation. Deists accepted (1) and (2) (i.e. natural theology) but not (3) revelation. "Constructive deism" refers to the deists' acceptance of (1) and (2). "Critical deism" refers to the deists' rejection of (3).

In addition to its epistemology, an important feature of Enlightenment deism in Europe in the 17th and 18th centuries was its violent antagonism toward "priestcraft". In England, this may partially have been driven by protestant fears of threats from Catholic nations. In France it was certainly an expression of the anger that produced the French Revolution (in the ancien regime the clergy was immensely rich and powerful).

As I say, the defining essence of deism is its epistemology. Beyond that, and the belief/assertion that there exists some being known as "God", there are no core/essential tenets of deism, and the introductory paragraphs of this article (which have been hijacked by the "modern deists") are wrong to suggest that there are. There were many different thinkers who are classified as deists, but they differed widely in what they felt their sources of knowledge revealed. They differed on whether or not there was an afterlife containing rewards and punishments, on determinism vs. free will, on God's attributes (on how close or remote God was, on God's desires concerning human behavior, etc.), and on the implications for human behavior (e.g. whether and how to worship God).

The article needs to be revised to greatly reduce the slanted treatment it has been given by the "modern deists". The introductory paragraphs should say something like this-- The word "deism" can be used to refer to either

(A) a historical phenomenon (an intellectual movement that flourished in a particular place and time: Europe, especially Great Britain and France, between approximately 1600 and 1800)

or

(B) a philosophical/theological/epistemological position. This position has had adherents from ancient times right up to the present. For the sake of convenience, it is named after the historical deist movement.

The rest of the article should expand on these introductory paragraphs. "Modern Deism" should be given a small mention at the end of part (B). If the proponents of "modern deism" feel that an extended discussion of that position is appropriate in Wikipedia, most of the second half of the "deism" article as it currently stands, should be moved into a new entry on "modern deism".

StephenFerg ( talk) 02:42, 17 February 2019 (UTC)

Is the deist god an intelligent god? Does it do thinking, perform logic, have human like emotions? Is it like Spinoza's god, which is a brainless god. Spinoza's god is basically everything in nature, which looks like a redefinition of the word "god". Vmelkon ( talk) 00:43, 8 August 2017 (UTC)

This would be an interesting question to try to address if doing so were not against policy about what a talk page is supposed to be used for. WP:NOTFORUM — jmcgnh ^{(talk) (contribs)} 03:06, 8 August 2017 (UTC)

I'm asking it because when I read this page, it isn't clear what is meant by the word god. I read the page on Spinoza's god and it looks like it isn't a god at all. He just calls reality "god" for some reason. Vmelkon ( talk) 00:42, 9 August 2017 (UTC)

OK, I'll unhat this discussion and we can try to move forward as if you are asking for a modification of the article.

I agree that the lead sentence is problematic in that it doesn't seem to include as part of deism the idea that there is a creator god, not just that there is not a god that intervenes in the world.

So would an article about deism discuss the notion of whether the creator could be considered "intelligent"? We'd have to find sources that discuss the issue directly; it's not something we can insert by logical inference. — jmcgnh ^{(talk) (contribs)} 01:54, 9 August 2017 (UTC)

It's hard to find a source that describes the deist god. I found https://www.britannica.com/topic/Deism which says "It was possible to believe even in prophetic revelation and still remain a Deist," and also "goodness of God.". Then it says "The more extreme Deists, of course, could not countenance this degree of divine intervention in the affairs of men.". Why not? Is the deist god impersonal? Does it mean that it doesn't have a personality, no intelligent, no feelings? It is very blurry. I'm not sure why no one is able to give a solid definition of what their god is suppose to be. Vmelkon ( talk) 03:09, 13 August 2017 (UTC)

The Christian God (there are many good points and links in that article on "God"), while much has been written about "him", seems to like to remain enigmatic in more ways than one. And this applies to "the theist God" as well as to "the deist God". Deism is much less about the actual nature of god and much more about the people who practice deism and the way they think about the nature of God. So if you want to know about deism, then this is the article to read; however, if you want to know about God, then you might want to peruse that article (which is linked in my first sentence).   Paine Ellsworth   ^put'r there  10:40, 30 August 2017 (UTC)

I'm going to assume that the deist god(s) has intelligence (has a brain). Deists don't explicitly say it but the language they use makes it sound like it is some guy(s) like the many cultural gods, except that he(they) does not intervene in the universe and perhaps he(they) is not aware that humans exists (That's from the GOD article in your first line). Vmelkon ( talk) 02:06, 1 September 2017 (UTC)

You are welcome to assume that, but please don't try to add your conclusion to the article. That would be considered original research. — jmcgnh ^{(talk) (contribs)} 03:53, 1 September 2017 (UTC)

• Assuming that the deist "Creator" (a much better word than "god") is intelligent would be wrong. Deism is a broad set of philosophies, where some may think the Creator was intelligent, while others may argue he was not. There is no singular answer here. Dennis Brown - 2¢ 15:41, 28 March 2018 (UTC)

"Creator" might be a better word for purposes of explanation, but the classical Deist texts use the word "God". That's why this viewpoint was known as "Deism", not "Creator-ism." There are many people today who are enthusiastic about Deism and edit Wikipedia, but WP:UNDUE means that this article should be rooted in Deism as it has existed throughout history, not in modern variations -- although of course, they deserve coverage here as well. Moreover, matters that most Deists have not written about (e.g., the internal nature of God) should be very minor topics in this article, if they appear at all: in other words, if 99 historical Deists never mentioned this topic and one did, we can't assume that all 100 of them agreed with the views of the one who discussed this topic. In particular, while Deists are virtually united on the fact that God does not intervene in the post-creation universe (no miraculous cures of sick children, no saving the Israelites from slavery), they were not united on whether this was because God didn't care about human suffering, or whether God was not an intelligent being, or whether God was not aware of suffering, or whether God cared and had decided that a "hands-off" policy was the most loving possible policy. This article could discuss how certain individual Deists addressed that question (at least for some of the most famous representatives), but we shouldn't say that "Deists" believed things that only a few of them ever mentioned. — Lawrence King ^{( talk)} 20:05, 28 March 2018 (UTC)

TWO THUMBS UP ... User talk:Lawrence King "this article should be rooted in Deism as it has existed throughout history, not in modern variations" StephenFerg ( talk) 02:51, 17 February 2019 (UTC)

Think the article should be comprehensive, not rooted in any one period. Hyperbolick ( talk) 14:40, 17 February 2019 (UTC)

Deism
Origins Deus ( Deus otiosus) Logos § Ancient Greek philosophy Neoplatonism § The One Chinese theology § Confucian theology Averroism Socinianism Unmoved mover Watchmaker God
Movements 18th-century England and France Christian Deism Pandeism ( in Asia) ( and Christianity) ( criticism) Spinozism Cult of the Supreme Being Theophilanthropy Deistic evolution Natural theology Congregationalism in the US § Disinterested benevolence Polydeism
Notable figures Edward Herbert, 1st Baron Herbert of Cherbury Henry St John, 1st Viscount Bolingbroke Matthew Tindal Voltaire Charles Blount Thomas Chubb Thomas Jefferson Thomas Paine Guido von List Cayetano Ripoll
False equivalencies Ceremonial deism Moralistic therapeutic deism
Opposition Catholic Church John Leland Edward Stillingfleet § Philosophical controversy Anthony Bliss John Jackson Johann Georg Hamann Charles Jennens Religious thought of Edmund Burke Richard Blackmore § Non-epic writing James McGready Valentin Ernst Löscher Continental prophecies § Themes Friedrich Julius Stahl
v t e

Draft Template open for comment and constructive editing. Hyperbolick ( talk) 12:28, 23 April 2019 (UTC)

Shouldn't "Deism" be above "God" on this page? Hyperbolick ( talk) 21:25, 29 August 2019 (UTC)

There is a tone problem the way this article is written. There appears to be personal opinion sprinkled throughout the article. For example, "Locke's famous attack on innate ideas in the Essay effectively destroyed that foundation. After Locke, deists could no longer appeal to innate ideas as Herbert had done. Instead, deists were forced to turn to arguments based on experience and nature." I see no works cited to back this assertion up. What's famous about his attack? How is it that deists could no longer appeal to innate ideas? This is not a neutrally written Wikipedia article and should be changed to be more consistent to encyclopedia style writing. — Preceding unsigned comment added by 173.239.232.30 ( talk) 19:47, 28 October 2019 (UTC)

Agreed. This article has a fair bit of hot garbage sprinkled on it. -- DonkeyPunchResin ( talk) 14:37, 11 April 2020 (UTC)

This is not the only, or even most prominent, definition of Deism and certainly the intro needs to be reworded. Deism is also, if not more commonly defined in terms of personal experience. As in people who have not experienced revelation but still believed in a Supreme Being as their reasoning indicated as much. Many would eschew rejecting revelation as it would involve zooming inside someone else’s mind to know what they experienced. Last I checked we still hadn’t mastered the zoomy mind thing. -- DonkeyPunchResin ( talk) 14:37, 11 April 2020 (UTC)