The Salicaceae is the willow family of
flowering plants. The traditional family (Salicaceae sensu stricto) included the willows, poplar, aspen, and cottonwoods. Genetic studies summarized by the
Angiosperm Phylogeny Group (APG) have greatly expanded the circumscription of the family to contain 56 genera and about 1220 species, including the
Scyphostegiaceae and many of the former
Flacourtiaceae.[4][5][6]
In the
Cronquist system, the Salicaceae were assigned to their own order, Salicales, and contained three genera, Salix, Populus, and Chosenia (now a synonym of Salix). Recognized to be closely related to the
Violaceae and
Passifloraceae, the family is placed by the APG in the order
Malpighiales.
Under the new circumscription, all members of the family are trees or shrubs that have
simple leaves with
alternate arrangement and temperate members are usually
deciduous. Most members have serrate or dentate
leaf margins, and those that have such toothed margins all exhibit salicoid teeth; a salicoid tooth being one in which a
vein enters the tooth, expands, and terminates at or near the apex, near which are spherical and glandular protuberances called setae. Members of the family often have flowers which are reduced and inconspicuous, and all have
ovaries that are superior or half-inferior with
parietal placentation.[7]
Genera by subfamily and tribe
Salicaceae is divided into three subfamilies, with Salicoideae further divided into six tribes.[3][8][9]
Salicoideae
Abatieae
Abatia Ruiz & Pavón (formerly including Aphaerema)[10]
^Chase, Mark W.; Sue Zmarzty; M. Dolores Lledó; Kenneth J. Wurdack; Susan M. Swensen; Michael F. Fay (2002). "When in doubt, put it in Flacourtiaceae: a molecular phylogenetic analysis based on plastid rbcL DNA sequences". Kew Bulletin. 57 (1): 141–181.
Bibcode:
2002KewBu..57..141C.
doi:
10.2307/4110825.
JSTOR4110825.
^Alford, Mac; Dement, Angela (2015). "Irenodendron, a new genus of Samydaceae from South America". Journal of the Botanical Research Institute of Texas. 9 (2): 331–334.
^Shang, C; Liao, S.; Guo, Y.-J.; Zhang, Z.-X. (2017). "Dianyuea gen. nov. (Salicaceae: Scyphostegioideae) from southwestern China". Nordic Journal of Botany. 35 (4): 499–505.
doi:
10.1111/njb.01363.