From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Physicist
Pyotr Kapitsa (left) and
physical chemist
Nikolay Semyonov (right), the two Nobel laureates (portrait by
Boris Kustodiev , 1921).
This list of Russian
physicists includes the famous physicists from the Russian Empire, the Soviet Union and the Russian Federation.
Alphabetical list
A
Alexei Abrikosov , discovered how
magnetic flux can penetrate a
superconductor (the
Abrikosov vortex ),
Nobel Prize winner
Franz Aepinus , related
electricity and
magnetism , proved the electric nature of
pyroelectricity , explained
electric polarization and
electrostatic induction , invented
achromatic
microscope
Zhores Alferov , inventor of modern
heterotransistor , Nobel Prize winner
Sergey Alekseenko , director of the
Kutateladze Institute of Thermophysics , Global Energy Prize recipient
Artem Alikhanian , a prominent researcher of
cosmic rays , inventor of wide-gap track
spark chamber
Abram Alikhanov ,
nuclear physicist , a prominent researcher of
cosmic rays , built the first
nuclear reactors in the
USSR , founder of
Institute for Theoretical and Experimental Physics (ITEP)
Semen Altshuler , researched
EPR and
NMR , predicted
acoustic paramagnetic resonance
Lev Artsimovich , builder of the first
tokamak , researcher of high temperature
plasma
Gurgen Askaryan , predicted
self focusing of light, discovered
Askaryan effect in the
particle physics
Alferov
B
Nikolay Basov , physicist, co-inventor of
laser and
maser , Nobel Prize winner
Nikolay Bogolyubov , mathematician and theoretical physicist, co-developed the
BBGKY hierarchy , formulated a microscopic theory of
superconductivity , suggested a triplet
quark model, introduced a new quantum degree of freedom (
color charge )
Matvei Petrovich Bronstein , theoretical physicist, a pioneer of quantum gravity, author of works in astrophysics, semiconductors, quantum electrodynamics and cosmology.
Gersh Budker , inventor of
electron cooling , co-inventor of
collider
C
D
F
Ludvig Faddeev , discoverer of
Faddeev–Popov ghosts and
Faddeev equations in
quantum physics
Georgy Flyorov ,
nuclear physicist , one of the initiators of the
Soviet atomic bomb project , co-discoverer of
seaborgium and
bohrium , founder of the
Joint Institute for Nuclear Research
Vladimir Fock , developed the
Fock space ,
Fock state and the
Hartree–Fock method in
quantum mechanics
Ilya Frank , explained the phenomenon of
Cherenkov radiation , Nobel Prize winner
Vsevolod Frederiks (Fréedericksz) , discovered the
Fréedericksz transition , the Fréedericksz critical field in
liquid crystals
Yakov Frenkel , coined the term
electron hole , discovered the
Frenkel defect of a
crystal lattice , described the
Poole–Frenkel effect in
solid-state physics
G
I
J
K
Pyotr Kapitsa , originated the techniques for creating ultrastrong
magnetic fields , co-discovered a way to measure the magnetic field of an
atomic nucleus discovered
superfluidity , Nobel Prize winner
Yuly Khariton , chief designer of the
Soviet atomic bomb , co-developer of the
Tsar Bomb
Orest Khvolson , first to study the
Chwolson ring effect of
gravitational lensing
Nicolai Kopnin ,
Simon Memorial Prize winner for his work on the forces acting on quantum vortices in superfluids and superconductors
Sergey Krasnikov , developer of the
Krasnikov tube , a speculative mechanism for space travel
Landau
Igor Kurchatov , builder of the first
nuclear power plant , developer of the first
nuclear reactors for
surface ships
L
Lev Landau , theoretical physicist, developed the
Ginzburg–Landau theory of
superconductivity , explained the
Landau damping in
plasma physics , pointed out the
Landau pole in
quantum electrodynamics , co-author of the famous
Course of Theoretical Physics , Nobel Prize winner
Grigory Landsberg , co-discoverer of
Raman scattering of light
Mikhail Lavrentyev , physicist and mathematician, founded the Siberian Division of the
Soviet Academy of Sciences and
Akademgorodok in
Novosibirsk
Pyotr Lebedev , the first to measure the
radiation pressure on a solid body, thus proving the
Maxwell's theory of electromagnetism
Heinrich Lenz , discovered the
Lenz's law of
electromagnetism
Aleksandr Il'ich Leipunskii , pioneered the development of fast breeder reactors in the USSR.
Evgeny Lifshitz , an author of the
BKL singularity model of the Universe evolution, co-author of the famous
Course of Theoretical Physics
Lenz
Mikhail Lomonosov , polymath scientist, artist and inventor, proposed the law of
conservation of matter , disproved the
phlogiston theory
Oleg Losev , inventor of
light-emitting diode and
crystadine
M
N
Petrov
O
P
Vasily Petrov , discoverer of
electric arc , proposed
arc lamp and
arc welding
Boris Podolsky , an author of
EPR Paradox in
quantum physics
Alexander Polyakov , developed the concepts of
Polyakov action ,
't Hooft–Polyakov monopole and
BPST instanton
Isaak Pomeranchuk , predicted
synchrotron radiation
Bruno Pontecorvo , a founder of
neutrino
high energy physics , his work led to the discovery of
PMNS matrix
Alexander Popov , inventor of
lightning detector , one of the
inventors of radio , recorded the first experimental
radiolocation at sea
Victor Popov , co-discoverer of
Faddeev–Popov ghosts in
quantum field theory
Alexander Prokhorov , co-inventor of
laser and
maser , Nobel Prize winner
Prokhorov
R
S
Andrei Sakharov , co-developer of
tokamak and the
Tsar Bomb , inventor of
explosively pumped flux compression generator ,
Nobel Peace Prize winner
Nikolay Semyonov , physical chemist, co-discovered a way to measure the magnetic field of an
atomic nucleus , Nobel Prize in Chemistry winner
Lev Shubnikov , discoverer of
Shubnikov–de Haas effect , one of the first researchers of
solid hydrogen and
liquid helium
Dmitri Skobeltsyn , first to use
cloud chamber for studying
cosmic rays , the first to observe
positrons
Alexei Smirnov , co-discoverer of
Mikheyev–Smirnov–Wolfenstein effect of
neutrino oscillations
Arseny Sokolov , co-discoverer of
Sokolov–Ternov effect , a developer of
synchrotron radiation theory
Mark Stockman , optical physicist, co-discoverer of
spaser
[1]
Aleksandr Stoletov , inventor of
photoelectric cell , built the
Stoletov curve and pioneered the research of
ferromagnetism
T
U
V
Y
Z
See also
References